Deck 1: The Main Themes of Microbiology

Question 1

Taxonomy does not involve

A)nomenclature.
B)classification.
C)taxa.
D)identification.
E)Koch's postulates.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms?

A)cause human disease
B)lack a nucleus
C)cannot be seen without a microscope
D)contain genetic material
E)lack cell structure

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called

A)decomposers.
B)prokaryotes.
C)pathogens.
D)eukaryotes.
E)fermenters.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that

A)cause human disease.
B)lack a cell nucleus.
C)are infectious particles.
D)are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
E)can only be found growing in laboratories.

Question 5

Which of the following is a scientific name?

A)bacteria
B)Protista
C)species
D)Bacillus subtilis
E)bacilli

Question 6

Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that

A)microbes are found on dust particles.
B)a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease.
C)life forms can only arise from preexisting life forms.
D)a specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom.
E)microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills.

Question 7

A scientist discovers a new microbial species.It is a single-celled eukaryote without cell walls.In which kingdom will it likely be classified?

A)Monera
B)Protista
C)Fungi
D)Animalia
E)Plantae

Question 8

Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?

A)Species
B)Phylum
C)Kingdom
D)Genus
E)Family

Question 9

Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method?

A)belief in a preconceived idea
B)formulate a hypothesis
C)systematic observation
D)laboratory experimentation
E)development of a theory

Question 10

Spontaneous generation is the belief that

A)germs cause infectious diseases.
B)microbes are diverse and ubiquitous.
C)microbes placed in an infusion can grow in it.
D)aseptic techniques reduce microbes in medical settings.
E)living things arise from nonliving matter.

Question 11

Which activity is an example of biotechnology?

A)bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitors
B)a microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteria
C)humans using yeast to make beer and wine
D)Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs causing tuberculosis
E)public health officials monitoring diseases in a community

Question 12

Pasteur used swan-neck flasks in his experiments to prove that

A)air had "vital forces" capable of spontaneous generation.
B)microbial fermentation could be used to make wine.
C)dust in air was a source of living microorganisms.
D)microorganisms could cause disease.
E)microorganisms could be grown in laboratory infusions.

Question 13

When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms the process is called

A)bioremediation.
B)genetic engineering.
C)epidemiology.
D)immunology.
E)taxonomy.

Question 14

Which of the following are not considered microorganisms?

A)mosquitoes
B)protozoa
C)bacteria
D)viruses
E)fungi

Question 15

The smallest and most significant taxon is

A)Genus.
B)Species.
C)Kingdom.
D)Family.
E)Phylum.

Question 16

The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called

A)biotechnology.
B)genetics.
C)recombinant DNA.
D)phylogeny.
E)taxonomy.

Question 17

The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was

A)Francesco Redi.
B)Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
C)Louis Pasteur.
D)Joseph Lister.
E)Robert Koch.

Question 18

The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are called

A)decomposers.
B)prokaryotes.
C)pathogens.
D)eukaryotes.
E)fermenters.

Question 19

A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is working on

A)determining evolutionary relatedness.
B)bioremediation.
C)recombinant DNA.
D)nomenclature.
E)determining if that species is the cause of a new disease.

Question 20

Disease-causing microorganisms are called

A)decomposers.
B)prokaryotes.
C)pathogens.
D)eukaryotes.
E)fermenters.

Question 21

All of the following pertain to photosynthesis, except

A)it occurs only in members of the kingdom Plantae.
B)carbon dioxide is converted to organic material.
C)it contributes to the oxygen content in the atmosphere.
D)it is fueled by light.
E)it is important to each ecosystem's flow of energy and food.

Question 22

Which scientist discovered heat resistant bacterial spores?

A)Joseph Lister
B)Ignaz Semmelweis
C)Robert Koch
D)Ferdinand Cohn
E)Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Question 23

When assigning a scientific name to an organism,

A)the species name is capitalized.
B)the species name is placed first.
C)the species name can be abbreviated.
D)both genus and species names are capitalized.
E)both genus and species names are italicized or underlined.

Question 24

The most common infectious cause of death worldwide is

A)HIV/AIDS.
B)stroke.
C)heart disease.
D)cancer.
E)malaria.

Question 25

When microbes are introduced into the environment to restore stability, the process is called

A)bioremediation.
B)genetic engineering.
C)epidemiology.
D)immunology.
E)taxonomy.

Question 26

Helminths are

A)bacteria.
B)protozoa.
C)molds.
D)parasitic worms.
E)infectious particles.

Question 27

Where are you most likely to find bacteria belonging to the domain Archaea?

A)a human's large intestine
B)in a hot spring
C)a pond
D)a sewage treatment plant
E)a beer production facility

Question 28

Which of the following are the main decomposers of the earth?

A)bacteria and fungi
B)bacteria and viruses
C)algae and viruses
D)protists and fungi
E)all organisms are decomposers

Question 29

Which of the following is the correct way to type the scientific name of this bacterium?

A)Staph Aureus
B)Staphylococcus Aureus
C)Staphylococcus aureus
D)Staphylococcus Aureus
E)S.Aureus

Question 30

Which kingdom does not contain any eukaryotes?

A)Monera
B)Protista
C)Mycetae
D)Plantae
E)Animalia

Question 31

The scientist(s) that proposed assigning organisms to one of three domains is(are):

A)Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur.
B)Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
C)Carl Woese and George Fox.
D)Robert Whittaker.
E)Francesco Redi.

Question 32

All of the following are correct about prokaryotes, except

A)they are smaller than eukaryotes.
B)they lack a nucleus.
C)they are less complex than eukaryotes.
D)they have organelles.
E)they are found nearly everywhere.

Question 33

All of the following contribute to the rise of emerging diseases, except

A)the decrease in drug resistant bacteria.
B)human encroachment on wild habitats.
C)changes in agricultural practices.
D)populations are more mobile.

Question 34

A scientist collects grass clippings to find the source of an outbreak of tularemia is an example of working in the field of

A)food microbiology.
B)epidemiology.
C)agricultural microbiology.
D)genetic engineering.
E)biotechnology.

Question 35

Organisms called parasites are

A)always classified in the kingdom Monera.
B)always harmful to their host.
C)the decomposers in ecosystems.
D)always viruses.
E)free-living.

Question 36

The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery was

A)Joseph Lister.
B)Ignaz Semmelweis.
C)Robert Koch.
D)Louis Pasteur.
E)Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.

Question 37

In Whittaker's system, the protozoa and algae are classified in the kingdom

A)Monera.
B)Protista.
C)Mycetae.
D)Plantae.
E)Animalia.

Question 38

Which of the following diseases is transmitted by mosquitoes?

A)diarrheal diseases
B)tuberculosis
C)malaria
D)septicemia
E)influenza

Question 39

Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right):

A)family, order, class
B)family, genus, species
C)genus, species, family
D)class, phylum, order
E)kingdom, domain, phylum

Question 40

Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis?

A)Joseph Lister
B)Ignaz Semmelweis
C)Robert Koch
D)Louis Pasteur
E)Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Question 41

A hypothesis must be tested before it can be considered a theory.

Question 42

Bacteria and fungi are important in bioremediation.These decomposers are also called ___.

A)Strict aerobes
B)Strict anaerobes
C)Saprobes
D)Predators
E)Parasites

Question 43

A scientist studying helminths is working with bacteria.

Question 44

Once an organism is assigned to a particular taxonomic hierarchy, it is permanent and cannot be revised.

Question 45

Cyanide is a chemical used to dissolve gold and is harmful to the environment and organisms living there.A couple of biochemists came up with the idea of using the bacteria in the genus Pseudomonas to break down the cyanide used by a gold mining company.This use of bacteria is a good example of ____.

A)Bioremediation
B)Immunology
C)Astromicrobiology
D)British physiology
E)Epidemiology

Question 46

Members of the same species share many more characteristics compared to those shared by members of the same kingdom.

Question 47

The scientific field called _____ is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of organisms.

Question 48

During a scientific experiment, the control group is used to directly test or measure the consequences of a variable in the study.

Question 49

The fossil record has established that prokaryotes existed on earth for approximately 2 billion years before eukaryotes appeared.

Question 50

It has been over 25 years since a new infectious disease has emerged in the world.

Question 51

Which of the following diseases probably involves microbial infection?

A)gastric ulcers
B)female infertility
C)coronary artery disease
D)cervical cancer
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 52

_____ is the area of biology that states that living things undergo gradual structural and functional changes over long periods of time.

Question 53

One distinguishing characteristic of the archaebacteria is that they live in extreme environments.

Question 54

Which of the following branches of Microbiology is utilized in diagnosing or treating someone who is broken out in hives and experiencing respiratory distress due to an exposure to a microbial toxin?

A)Agricultural Microbiology
B)Epidemiology
C)Biotechnology
D)Immunology
E)Industrial Microbiology

Question 55

All microorganisms are parasites.

Question 56

Viruses are not classified in any of Whittaker's 5 kingdoms.

Question 57

The names of the three proposed Domains are: Bacteria, Protista, Eukarya.

Question 58

Members of the kingdom Fungi are photosynthetic.

Question 59

The scientific method involves formulating a tentative explanation, called the hypothesis, to account for what has been observed or measured.

Question 60

The term sterile means free of all life forms.

Question 61

Describe the experiment that Louis Pasteur did with swan-necked-shaped tubes to disprove spontaneous generation.

Question 62

Discuss five of the reasons why infectious diseases are increasing in number around the world.

Question 63

_____ are the group of microorganisms composed only of hereditary material wrapped in a protein covering.

Question 64

Discuss what might be three different beneficial consequences and three different detrimental consequences of killing all microorganisms on the earth.

Question 65

Living things ordinarily too small to be seen with the unaided eye are termed _____.

Question 66

A scientist that constructs a hypothesis and then tests its validity by outlining predicted events of the hypothesis followed by experiments to test for those events is using the _____ approach.