Deck 15: Brain and Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Which secondary brain vesicle forms the portion of the adult brain that includes the epithalamus,thalamus,and hypothalamus?

A)Telencephalon
B)Diencephalon
C)Myelencephalon
D)Metencephalon
E)Mesencephalon

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the cranial meninges consists of dense irregular connective tissue in two layers (the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer)?

A)Pia mater
B)Arachnoid
C)Dura mater
D)Subdural layer
E)Subarachnoid layer

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Arrange the primary brain vesicles in the correct anterior to posterior order.
A: Rhombencephalon
B: Mesencephalon
C: Prosencephalon

A)a,c,b
B)b,a,c
C)a,b,c
D)c,b,a
E)c,a,b

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Arrange the five secondary vesicles in the correct anterior to posterior order.
A: Diencephalon
B: Myelencephalon
C: Telencephalon
D: Metencephalon
E: Mesencephalon

A)b,a,c,d,e
B)a,b,c,d,e
C)b,c,a,e,d
D)c,d,e,a,b
E)c,a,e,d,b

Question 5

The portion of the adult brain that includes the medulla oblongata is derived from which secondary brain vesicle?

A)Telencephalon
B)Diencephalon
C)Myelencephalon
D)Metencephalon
E)Mesencephalon

Question 6

The horizontally oriented fold of dura mater that separates the occipital and temporal lobes of the cerebrum from the cerebellum is the

A)diaphragma sellae.
B)falx cerebelli.
C)tentorium cerebelli.
D)superior sagittal sinus.
E)falx cerebri.

Question 7

The portion of the adult brain that includes the cerebral peduncles,superior colliculi,and inferior colliculi is derived from which secondary brain vesicle?

A)Telencephalon
B)Diencephalon
C)Myelencephalon
D)Metencephalon
E)Mesencephalon

Question 8

The largest of the four dural septa,this large,sickle-shaped vertical fold of dura mater separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres.

A)Diaphragma sellae
B)Falx cerebelli
C)Tentorium cerebelli
D)Superior sagittal sinus
E)Falx cerebri

Question 9

The brain ventricle located between the pons and the cerebellum is the _____ ventricle.

A)third
B)lateral
C)fourth
D)median
E)falx

Question 10

Human intelligence is most closely related to the

A)size of the brain.
B)weight of the brain.
C)number of neurons.
D)number of active synapses.
E)amount of cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 11

The brain ventricle located in the diencephalon is the _____ ventricle.

A)third
B)lateral
C)fourth
D)median
E)falx

Question 12

A brain ventricle located in the cerebrum is the _____ ventricle.

A)third
B)lateral
C)fourth
D)median
E)falx

Question 13

The meninx composed of a thin layer of delicate areolar connective tissue that follows every contour of the brain surface is the

A)pia mater.
B)arachnoid.
C)dura mater.
D)periosteal layer.
E)subdural layer.

Question 14

The partition between the lateral ventricles is the

A)central canal.
B)interventricular foramen.
C)mesencephalic aqueduct.
D)ventricular canal.
E)septum pellucidum.

Question 15

The portion of the adult brain that includes the cerebrum is derived from which secondary brain vesicle?

A)Telencephalon
B)Diencephalon
C)Myelencephalon
D)Metencephalon
E)Mesencephalon

Question 16

The meninx composed of a delicate web of collagen and elastic fibers is the

A)pia mater.
B)arachnoid.
C)dura mater.
D)periosteal layer.
E)subarachnoid layer.

Question 17

What is the correct order for the cranial meninges,from superficial to deep?
A: Dura mater
B: Pia mater
C: Arachnoid

A)a,b,c
B)a,c,b
C)b,a,c
D)b,c,a
E)c,b,a

Question 18

Clusters of gray matter that contain neuron cell bodies and lie within masses of white matter are the

A)cortex.
B)cerebral ganglia.
C)cerebral nuclei.
D)cerebral peduncles.
E)ventricles.

Question 19

A sickle-shaped vertical partition that divides the left and right cerebellar hemispheres is the

A)diaphragma sellae.
B)falx cerebelli.
C)tentorium cerebelli.
D)superior sagittal sinus.
E)falx cerebri.

Question 20

Dural venous sinuses are areas where

A)the meningeal and periosteal layers separate to form large blood-filled spaces.
B)cerebrospinal fluid is produced.
C)cerebrospinal fluid is stored.
D)large numbers of nuclei congregate.
E)glial cells are formed.

Question 21

The portion of the brain involved primarily with vision is the

A)occipital lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)insula.
D)parietal lobe.
E)frontal lobe.

Question 22

Excess CSF is removed from the subarachnoid space by

A)the median aperture.
B)microglia.
C)astrocytes.
D)arachnoid villi.
E)the choroid plexus.

Question 23

The primary gustatory cortex is part of the

A)occipital lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)insula.
D)parietal lobe.
E)frontal lobe.

Question 24

The primary motor cortex is part of the

A)occipital lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)insula.
D)parietal lobe.
E)frontal lobe.

Question 25

Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by the

A)choroid plexus.
B)arachnoid villi.
C)arachnoid granulation.
D)septum pellucidum.
E)mesencephalic aqueduct.

Question 26

The blood-brain barrier is reduced or missing from three locations in the brain.Which is not one of these locations?

A)Hypothalamus
B)Pineal gland
C)Cerebrum
D)Choroid plexus

Question 27

The primary somatosensory cortex is part of the

A)occipital lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)insula.
D)parietal lobe.
E)frontal lobe.

Question 28

Hemisphere lateralization refers to the

A)difficulty in assigning a precise function to a specific region of the cortex.
B)generalization that both cerebral hemispheres receive their sensory information from and project motor commands to the opposite side of the body.
C)separation of the various lobes of the brain from each other.
D)crisscrossing of information between the two hemispheres.
E)functional differences between the right and left hemispheres.

Question 29

The gnostic area of the brain provides comprehensive understanding of a current activity.It is composed of portions of the

A)parietal and frontal lobes.
B)occipital and parietal lobes.
C)temporal and occipital lobes.
D)parietal,occipital,and frontal lobes.
E)parietal,occipital,and temporal lobes.

Question 30

Association areas

A)correlate information from opposite sides of the brain.
B)correlate similar functions from different lobes on the same side of the brain.
C)correlate similar functions from the same lobes on the opposite side of the brain.
D)integrate new sensory inputs with memories of past experiences.
E)integrate outgoing motor information.

Question 31

Which is not a function of the blood-brain barrier?

A)It prevents nicotine and alcohol from entering brain interstitial fluid.
B)It prevents brain neurons from being exposed to drugs.
C)It prevents brain neurons from being exposed to waste products in the blood.
D)It protects brain neurons from exposure to abnormal hormone levels.
E)It protects brain neurons from exposure to abnormal ion levels.

Question 32

Of the five cerebral lobes,the one not visible on the surface of the brain is the

A)insula.
B)temporal.
C)frontal.
D)occipital.
E)parietal.

Question 33

The location of conscious thought processes and the origin of all complex intellectual functions is the

A)cerebellum.
B)pons.
C)hypothalamus.
D)corpus callosum.
E)cerebrum.

Question 34

List these events in the correct order for CSF flow in the CNS.
A: CSF flows into the arachnoid villi
B: CSF enters the blood
C: CSF flows through the cerebral aqueduct to the fourth ventricle
D: CSF flows into the subarachnoid space
E: CSF is produced by the choroid plexus

A)a,b,c,e,d
B)e,a,b,c,d
C)c,d,a,e,b
D)e,c,d,a,b
E)e,d,a,b,c

Question 35

The amount of CSF within the brain at any given moment

A)is about 500 ml.
B)is somewhere around 1,000 ml.
C)ranges between 100 ml and 160 ml.
D)is about 50-60 ml.
E)ranges between 300 ml and 420 ml.

Question 36

The major pathway of communication between the right and left hemisphere is/are the

A)cerebral gyri.
B)cerebral sulci.
C)longitudinal fissure.
D)hypothalamus.
E)corpus callosum.

Question 37

Which is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid?

A)CSF helps to remove waste products from the brain.
B)CSF helps to reduce the effective weight of the brain.
C)CSF transports nutrients and chemicals to the brain.
D)CSF helps to promote mitosis within neuronal tissue.
E)CSF provides a liquid cushion to protect the brain from sudden movements.

Question 38

The blood-brain barrier is made up of

A)microglial extensions and capillary endothelial cells.
B)ependymal cells and venous blood vessels.
C)astrocyte perivascular feet and capillary endothelial cells.
D)astrocyte extensions and dural sinuses.
E)astrocyte perivascular feet and the falx cerebri.

Question 39

Which is a function of the brain's frontal lobe?

A)Smell
B)Verbal communication
C)Hearing
D)Speech interpretation
E)Vision

Question 40

Arrange the cerebral lobes visible on the superior surface of the brain in the correct anterior-posterior order.
A: Parietal
B: Frontal
C: Occipital

A)c,a,b
B)b,a,c
C)a,b,c
D)c,b,a
E)b,c,a

Question 41

This nucleus processes visual information at a subconscious level.

A)Amygdaloid body
B)Caudate nucleus
C)Putamen
D)Globus pallidus
E)Claustrum

Question 42

Sensory impulses from all of the senses except _____________ converge on the thalamus and synapse in at least one of its nuclei.

A)vision
B)taste
C)touch
D)hearing
E)olfaction

Question 43

Projection tracts

A)extend between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
B)link the cerebral cortex to the caudal brain regions and the spinal cord.
C)connect different regions within a lobe.
D)connect different regions of the cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere.
E)connect a region of one lobe with another lobe in the same hemisphere.

Question 44

This nucleus participates in the expression of emotions,control of behavior,and development of moods.

A)Amygdaloid body
B)Caudate nucleus
C)Putamen
D)Globus pallidus
E)Claustrum

Question 45

A football player can hear his coach's voice above the noise of the crowd and can sense an opponent about to run him down.These abilities are due to the action of what part of the brain?

A)Hypothalamus
B)Epithalamus
C)Thalamus
D)Pineal body
E)Pons

Question 46

Which structures form the lentiform nucleus?

A)Putamen and globus pallidus
B)Globus pallidus and caudate nucleus
C)Caudate nucleus and claustrum
D)Putamen and claustrum
E)Amygdaloid body and globus pallidus

Question 47

This nucleus both excites and inhibits the activities of the thalamus to control and adjust muscle tone.

A)Amygdaloid body
B)Caudate nucleus
C)Putamen
D)Globus pallidus
E)Claustrum

Question 48

This portion of the brain secretes the hormone melatonin,which helps to regulate the body's circadian rhythm.

A)Habenular nucleus
B)Anterior nucleus
C)Pineal gland
D)Mammillary body
E)Paraventricular nucleus

Question 49

Association tracts

A)connect different regions of the cerebral cortex with the opposite hemisphere.
B)extend between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
C)link the cerebral cortex to the caudal brain regions and the spinal cord.
D)connect different regions of the cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 50

A person with damage to the premotor cortex area concerned with coordinating eye movements

A)can read but cannot understand the words.
B)cannot read or understand the words.
C)can understand the words but cannot follow the lines on the page.
D)cannot form proper images of words.
E)cannot discriminate between letters and words.

Question 51

Which is not a general function of the hypothalamus?

A)Master control of motor responses
B)Regulation of body temperature
C)Control of food intake
D)Control of water intake
E)Master control of the autonomic nervous system

Question 52

This portion of the brain forms part of the roof of the diencephalon and covers the third ventricle.Its posterior portion houses the pineal gland and the habenular nuclei.

A)Epithalamus
B)Thalamus
C)Hypothalamus
D)Cerebellum
E)Infundibulum

Question 53

This nucleus controls muscular movement at the subconscious level.

A)Amygdaloid body
B)Caudate nucleus
C)Putamen
D)Globus pallidus
E)Claustrum

Question 54

Commissural tracts

A)extend between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
B)connect a region of one lobe with another lobe in the same hemisphere.
C)connect different regions within a lobe.
D)connect different regions of the cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere.
E)link the cerebral cortex to the caudal brain regions and the spinal cord.

Question 55

Which part of the brain filters sensory information and forwards only a fraction of it to the cerebral cortex?

A)Hypothalamus
B)Epithalamus
C)Thalamus
D)Pineal body
E)Pons

Question 56

The infundibulum is attached to the

A)pons.
B)thalamus.
C)pineal gland.
D)pituitary gland.
E)epithalamus.

Question 57

Which part of the brain contains the epithalamus,hypothalamus,and the thalamus?

A)Pons
B)Medulla oblongata
C)Diencephalon
D)Cerebrum
E)Cerebellum

Question 58

Paired,irregular masses of gray matter buried deep within the central white matter in the basal region of the cerebral hemispheres,inferior to the floor of the lateral ventricle,are the

A)cerebral nuclei.
B)corpus callosi.
C)inferior colliculi.
D)interthalamic adhesions.
E)ventricular connections.

Question 59

This nucleus stimulates the muscles to produce the pattern of arm and leg movements associated with walking.

A)Amygdaloid body
B)Caudate nucleus
C)Putamen
D)Globus pallidus
E)Claustrum

Question 60

Following a head injury,a young woman frequently loses her temper and is often depressed and otherwise "moody".What part of the brain do you think has been damaged?

A)Amygdaloid body
B)Caudate nucleus
C)Putamen
D)Globus pallidus
E)Claustrum

Question 61

The cranial nerve that passes through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone is the __________ nerve.

A)optic
B)olfactory
C)trigeminal
D)oculomotor
E)abducens

Question 62

During a mugging,a person experiences an extreme level of fear.What portion of the limbic system is responsible for this and other emotional states?

A)Cingulate gyrus
B)Amygdaloid body
C)The fornix
D)Mammillary bodies
E)Hippocampus

Question 63

Centers that regulate the rate and depth of breathing,known as the pneumotaxic and apneustic centers,are located in the __________.

A)Pons
B)Thalamus
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Hypothalamus
E)Cerebral peduncles

Question 64

"Oh once one takes the anatomy final very good vacations are heavenly" is a mnemonic device to help you remember

A)that the anatomy class will soon be over.
B)the names of the major parts of the brain.
C)the names of the spinal nerves.
D)the names of the cranial nerves.
E)the series of systems studied in your anatomy course.

Question 65

What is the most anterior cranial nerve?

A)Trochlear
B)Optic
C)Olfactory
D)Oculomotor
E)Accessory

Question 66

The corpora quadrigemina is part of what portion of the brain?

A)Diencephalon
B)Brainstem
C)Thalamus
D)Telencephalon
E)Epithalamus

Question 67

Which part of the limbic system is involved in storing memories and forming long-term memories?

A)Cingulate gyrus
B)Amygdaloid body
C)Fornix
D)Mammillary body
E)Hippocampus

Question 68

This part of the brain contains the flocculonodular lobes.

A)Pons
B)Medulla oblongata
C)Cerebrum
D)Cerebellum
E)Epithalamus

Question 69

This portion of the brain ensures that skeletal muscle contraction follows the correct pattern leading to smooth,coordinated movements.

A)Pons
B)Medulla oblongata
C)Cerebrum
D)Cerebellum
E)Epithalamus

Question 70

Which autonomic function is not controlled by a center in the medulla oblongata?

A)Regulation of heart rate
B)Control of kidney function
C)Regulation of respiratory rate
D)Control of vomiting
E)Control of swallowing

Question 71

This portion of the brain adjusts skeletal muscle activity to maintain equilibrium and posture.

A)Pons
B)Medulla oblongata
C)Cerebrum
D)Cerebellum
E)Epithalamus

Question 72

Which cranial nerve is composed of only motor fibers?

A)VI
B)VIII
C)IX
D)V
E)I

Question 73

The most caudal part of the brain,the _________,is continuous with the spinal cord.

A)pons
B)thalamus
C)medulla oblongata
D)hypothalamus
E)cerebellum

Question 74

A tumor is located in a young boy's brain.Symptoms include the inability to swallow and inability to detect odors.What is the most likely location of the tumor?

A)In the anterior nucleus of the hypothalamus
B)In the pineal body
C)In the pituitary gland
D)In the mammillary body
E)In the optic chiasm

Question 75

This portion of the brain contains the posterior part of the fourth ventricle.

A)Pons
B)Thalamus
C)Medulla oblongata
D)Hypothalamus
E)Cerebellum

Question 76

This part of the brain contains the arbor vitae.

A)Pons
B)Medulla oblongata
C)Cerebrum
D)Cerebellum
E)Epithalamus

Question 77

The cranial nerve responsible for movement of the medial rectus,superior rectus,inferior rectus and inferior oblique eye muscles is the __________ nerve.

A)oculomotor
B)trochlear
C)abducens
D)trigeminal
E)hypoglossal

Question 78

The __________ is/are composed of multiple structures that collaboratively process and experience emotions.

A)medulla oblongata
B)cerebellum
C)hypothalamus
D)limbic system
E)cerebellar peduncles

Question 79

The cranial nerve that innervates smooth muscle and glands of the heart,lungs,larynx,trachea,and most abdominal organs is the ___________ nerve.

A)facial
B)trigeminal
C)vagus
D)accessory
E)hypoglossal

Question 80

A patient visits her doctor and explains that since being hit on the cheek with a hockey puck she has been suffering from dry eyes and a dry mouth.It's apparent to the doctor that,since both lacrimal secretion and salivary secretion are affected,there may be damage to the ____________ nerve.

A)trigeminal
B)hypoglossal
C)glossopharyngeal
D)abducens
E)facial