Deck 22: The Transition Elements and Coordination Compounds

Question 1

Which of the following statements is incorrect concerning the 3d,4d,and 5d transition series?

A)There is a large increase in radius in going from the 3d to the 4d metals.
B)There is a general increase in size going left to right across each series due to an increasing number of electrons.
C)Hafnium through mercury exhibit what is referred to as the lanthanide contraction.
D)The separation of hafnium and zirconium found together in nature is difficult due to their similar chemistries,which are attributed to their virtually identical sizes.
E)The transition metal from a period 6 group is similar in size to the peroid 5 transition metal sitting above it on the periodic table.

Answer 1

There is a general increase in size going left to right across each series due to an increasing number of electrons.

Question 2

What is the maximum oxidation state for niobium,Nb?

A)4
B)3
C)2
D)6
E)5

Answer 2

5

Question 3

What is the maximum oxidation state expected for manganese?

A)+7
B)+4
C)+5
D)+8
E)+6

Answer 3

+7

Question 4

In which compound is cobalt in the highest oxidation state?

A)Co₂(CO)₈
B)[Co(NH₃)₆]Cl₂
C)[Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]Cl
D)Na₂[CoCl₄]
E)K₄[CoF₆]

Question 5

Which of the following first-row transition elements is not able to have a +3 oxidation state?

A)Sc
B)Cr
C)V
D)Zn
E)Fe

Question 6

A property that many representative nonmetals and many transition elements share is that they both have

A)color in many compounds.
B)many paramagnetic compounds.
C)high electronegativities.
D)many compounds that observe the octet rule.
E)many oxidation states.

Question 7

The oxidation number of which of the following elements is often +2 but can be as great as +7?

A)manganese
B)cobalt
C)aluminum
D)bismuth
E)chromium

Question 8

In which of the following compounds is the metal atom not in a common oxidation state?

A)CrOCl₂
B)NiF₂
C)CuI
D)Zn(NO₃)₂
E)MnSO₄

Question 9

Which of the following is not a transition-metal?

A)cobalt
B)iridium
C)vanadium
D)rhodium
E)rubidium

Question 10

What is the maximum oxidation state for rhenium,Re?

A)6
B)3
C)2
D)7
E)4

Question 11

All of the following elements have the oxidation states listed except

A)Ti,+3.
B)Zn,+3.
C)V,+3.
D)Co,+3.
E)Fe,+3.

Question 12

Which of the following is not a characteristic property of transition-element compounds?

A)Most of them are colored.
B)Most of them are paramagnetic.
C)Most of the metals exhibit multiple oxidation states.
D)Most of the elements form many complexes.
E)Most of the elements,upon ionizing,lose the d electrons first.

Question 13

Transition metals can be distinguished from main-group metals by the fact that

A)main-group metals have only +1 or +2 oxidation states.
B)transition metals have higher relative atomic weights than main-group metals.
C)transition metals have a greater tendency to form colored compounds than main-group metals.
D)main-group metals have higher relative atomic weights than transition metals.
E)only the main-group metals can form complex ions.

Question 14

The phenomenon called __________ contraction is responsible for the great similarity in atomic size and chemistry of 4d and 5d elements.

A)coordination
B)isomeric
C)lanthanide
D)transition
E)none of these

Question 15

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the transition metals?

A)variable oxidation state
B)the ability to form many colored compounds
C)valence electrons in a d subshell
D)high electronegativity
E)the ability to form complex ions

Question 16

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d² is the correct electron configuration for which of the following atoms?

A)Ti
B)Ca
C)Ge
D)Zr
E)none of these

Question 17

Fe has __________ that is(are)unpaired in its d orbitals.

A)3 electrons
B)4 electrons
C)1 electron
D)2 electrons
E)5 electrons

Question 18

An element with the electron configuration [Xe]6s²4f¹⁴5d⁷ would belong to which class on the periodic table?

A)rare-earth elements
B)transition elements
C)alkaline-earth elements
D)halogens
E)none of the above

Question 19

Ti has __________ in its d orbitals.

A)1 electron
B)2 electrons
C)3 electrons
D)4 electrons
E)none of these

Question 20

What is the maximum oxidation number for titanium?

A)5
B)2
C)4
D)3
E)6

Question 21

Which of the following Lewis bases may not serve as a bidentate ligand?

A)C₂O₄^2-
B)NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂
C)HOCH₂CH₂NH₂
D)HOCH₂CH₂OH
E)CH₃NH₂

Question 22

What is the principal ore of chromium?

A)chromite
B)chromate
C)chrome alum
D)stibnite
E)hematite

Question 23

The freezing point of an aqueous 0.050 m solution of a platinum(IV)complex having the molecular formula Pt(NH₃)₃Cl₄ is -0.19°C.Which of the following equations best represents what happens when Pt(NH₃)₃Cl₄ dissociates in water? (K_f for water is 1.86°C/m.)

A)Pt(NH₃)₃Cl₄(s)→ [Pt(NH₃)₃Cl₂]²⁺(aq)+ 2Cl^-(aq)
B)Pt(NH₃)₃Cl₄(s)→ [Pt(NH₃)₃Cl₃]⁺(aq)+ Cl^-(aq)
C)Pt(NH₃)₃Cl₄(s)→ [Pt(NH₃)₃Cl]³⁺(aq)+ 3Cl^-(aq)
D)Pt(NH₃)₃Cl₄(s)→ [Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂]²⁺(aq)+ 2Cl^-(aq)+ NH₃(aq)
E)Pt(NH₃)₃Cl₄(s)→ Pt⁴⁺(aq)+ 4Cl^-(aq)+ 3NH₃(aq)

Question 24

Which of the following liquids could best act as a bidentate ligand for a metal ion?

A)NH₂Cl
B)NH₃
C)ClCH₂CH₂NH₂
D)N₂H₅⁺
E)H₂NCH₂CH₂NH₂

Question 25

Copper metal can be oxidized by which of the following acids?

A)H₃PO₄
B)HBr
C)H₂SO₄
D)CH₃COOH
E)HCl

Question 26

What is the oxidation state of iron in K₄[Fe(CN)₆]?

A)3
B)2
C)4
D)−4
E)6

Question 27

What is the correct IUPAC name for [AuCl₄(H₂O)₂]^-?

A)diaquatetrachloroaurate(I)ion
B)diaquatetrachloroaurate(III)ion
C)diaquatetrachloroaurate(0)ion
D)diaquatetrachlorogold(III)ion
E)diaquatetrachlorogold(I)ion

Question 28

Which of the following species is least likely to function as a ligand in a transition-metal coordination compound?

A)NH₃
B)CO₃^2-
C)H₂O
D)BF₃
E)Cl^-

Question 29

Which of the following is a necessary characteristic of a ligand?

A)A ligand must be an anion.
B)A ligand must be an ion.
C)A ligand must be a Lewis base.
D)A ligand must be bidentate.
E)A ligand must be a Lewis acid.

Question 30

Which of the following coordination compounds will immediately form a precipitate when combined with an AgNO₃ solution?

A)K[Cr(NH₃)₂Cl₄]
B)K₃[Cr(CN)₆]
C)[Cr(NH₃)₆]Cl₃
D)[Cr(NH₃)₂(H₂O)Cl₃]
E)[Cr(NH₃)₃Cl₃]

Question 31

In which of the following ions does the metal ion have a 3d⁷ electron configuration?

A)[NiCl₄]^2-
B)[Mn(H₂O)₆]²⁺
C)[CoCl₄]^2-
D)[Co(NH₃)₅Cl]²⁺
E)[Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]⁺

Question 32

Which of the following is a dark green solid?

A)CrO₃
B)KCr(SO₄)₂·12H₂O
C)Na₂Cr₂O₇
D)Na₂CrO₄
E)Cr₂O₃

Question 33

Ag⁺ forms many complexes with a coordination number of 2.Some of these are [Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺,[Ag(CN)₂]^-,and [Ag(S₂O₃)₂]^3-.Which of the following statements is true?

A)The hybridization of Ag⁺ is sp².
B)In these complexes,Ag⁺ is a Lewis base.
C)In these complexes,the ligands are monodentate.
D)The hybridization of Ag⁺ is dsp.
E)The Ag⁺ complexes are good reducing agents.

Question 34

In which of these pairs of elements can both elements normally exhibit multiple oxidation states?

A)K and O
B)Cs and Cl
C)Mg and Se
D)Co and Cu
E)Sc and Al

Question 35

What is the coordination number of cobalt in [Co(en)₂Cl₂]Cl?
​
En =

A)6
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)7

Question 36

In complexes of platinum(IV),the coordination number is usually

A)3.
B)4.
C)6.
D)2.
E)1.

Question 37

Which of the following is a product of the acidification of sodium chromate?

A)CrO₄^2-(aq)
B)Cr₂O₇^2-(aq)
C)Cr³⁺(aq)
D)CrO₃(s)
E)Cr(s)

Question 38

The formula for a platinum(IV)complex is [Pt(NH₃)₂Br₂]Cl₂.In aqueous solution,it will dissociate into

A)5 ions.
B)4 ions.
C)6 ions.
D)2 ions.
E)3 ions.

Question 39

The bond between a metal cation and a ligand is best classified as a(n)

A)polar covalent bond.
B)ionic bond.
C)nonpolar covalent bond.
D)polydentate bond.
E)coordinate covalent bond.

Question 40

What is the coordination number of iron in K₃[Fe(ox)₃]?
Ox =

A)6
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)2

Question 41

What is the formula for the hexaaquavanadium(II)ion?

A)[V(H₂O)₆]²⁺
B)[V(H₂O)₄]²⁺
C)[V₂(H₂O)₆]^4-
D)[V₂(H₂O)₆]²⁺
E)[V₂(H₂O)₆]⁴⁺

Question 42

What bond hybridization is associated with octahedral complexes?

A)d²sp³
B)sp³
C)sp
D)dsp³
E)dsp²

Question 43

What is the total number of geometric isomers possible for the octahedral complex [Co(NH₃)₃(H₂O)₃]?

A)1
B)4
C)5
D)2
E)3

Question 44

Which of the following describes a d⁶ metal-ion complex with ligands that bond strongly to the metal ion?

A)Pairing energy is less than crystal field splitting,giving a low-spin complex.
B)Pairing energy is greater than crystal field splitting,giving a low-spin complex.
C)Pairing energy is less than crystal field splitting,giving a high-spin complex.
D)A d⁶ ion has only one possible electron arrangement regardless of the ligands.
E)Pairing energy is greater than crystal field splitting,giving a high-spin complex.

Question 45

Which complex is capable of forming geometric isomers?

A)K₃[FeCl₆]
B)[Co(NH₃)₅Br]Br₂
C)[Co(NH₃)₆]Br₃
D)[Pd(NH₃)₂Br₂]
E)[Pt(NH₃)₄]Br₂

Question 46

Which combination leads to a high-spin octahedral complex?

A)low pairing energy and a weak-bonding ligand
B)high pairing energy and a weak-bonding ligand
C)moderate pairing energy and a strong-bonding ligand
D)high pairing energy and a strong-bonding ligand
E)low pairing energy and a strong-bonding ligand

Question 47

Which of the metal ions in the following complex ions has a d⁵ electron configuration?

A)V(H₂O)₆²⁺
B)RhCl₆^4-
C)Co(CN)₄^-
D)Fe(CN)₆^3-
E)Mo(NH₃)₆³⁺

Question 48

According to valence bond theory,what hybrid orbitals are occupied by the ligands in the complex [Mn(H₂O)₆]²⁺?

A)dsp³
B)sp³
C)d²sp³
D)sp²
E)dsp²

Question 49

How many optical isomers do the cis and trans isomers of [Co(en)₂Br₂]⁺ have?

A)cis,1 and trans,1
B)cis,2 and trans,0
C)cis,0 and trans,0
D)cis,0 and trans,2
E)cis,2 and trans,2

Question 50

Which of the following best describes the complex [Mn(H₂O)₆]²⁺?

A)sp³ hybridization; diamagnetic
B)d²sp³ hybridization; diamagnetic
C)d²sp³ hybridization; paramagnetic
D)dsp³ hybridization; diamagnetic
E)sp³ hybridization; paramagnetic

Question 51

Which of the following compounds can exhibit optical activity?

A)[Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]Cl
B)[Co(NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂)₃]Cl₃
C)Na₂[CoCl₄]
D)[Co(NH₃)₆]Cl₃
E)Cr(CO)₆

Question 52

Which of the following are constitutional isomers?
I.coordination isomers
II.linkage isomers
III.geometric isomers
IV.optical isomers

A)I,III,and IV
B)II and III
C)I and II
D)I and III only
E)II and IV only

Question 53

Which of the following high-spin complexes has the most unpaired electrons?

A)[Ti(H₂O)₆]²⁺
B)[V(H₂O)₆]³⁺
C)[Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺
D)[Cr(H₂O)₆]³⁺
E)[Sc(H₂O)]₆³⁺

Question 54

What is the correct formula for sodium tetrachlorocuprate(II)?

A)Na₃[CuCl₄]
B)Na₂[CuCl₄]
C)Na[CuCl₄]
D)Na₄[CuCl₄]
E)Na₂[CuCl₆]

Question 55

In which of the following complexes does the transition metal have a d⁸ configuration?

A)Cu(H₂O)₆²⁺
B)Fe(CN)₆^3-
C)Ni(CO)₄
D)PtCl₄^2-
E)Zn(NH₃)₄²⁺

Question 56

The complexes [Ni(NH₃)₅Cl]Br and [Ni(NH₃)₅Br]Cl are what type of isomers?

A)geometric isomers
B)constitutional isomers
C)stereoisomers
D)linkage isomers
E)optical isomers

Question 57

How many geometric isomers are possible for the square planar complex [Pt(NH₃)₂BrCl]?

A)2
B)4
C)5
D)1
E)3

Question 58

Molecules that have nonsuperimposable mirror images are

A)multidentate.
B)racemic.
C)dextrorotatory.
D)chiral.
E)levorotatory.

Question 59

What is the formula for the pentaamminehydroxochromium(II)ion?

A)[Cr(NH₃)₅(OH)₅]²⁺
B)[Cr(NH₃)₅(OH)₅]^3-
C)[Cr(NH₃)₅(OH)]²⁺
D)[Cr(NH₃)₅(OH)]⁺
E)[Cr(NH₃)(OH)₅]^3-

Question 60

Which of the following complexes can exhibit optical isomerism? (en = H₂N-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂ and is bidentate)

A)Co(NH₃)₃Cl₃
B)cis-Co(en)₂Cl₂
C)trans-Co(en)₂Br₂
D)cis-Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂
E)none of these

Question 61

Which of the following compounds is paramagnetic?

A)Li₄[Fe(NO₂)₆]
B)K₃[Co(CN)₆]
C)K₃[ScCl₆]
D)Na₂[TiBr₆]
E)[Mn(H₂O)₆]Cl₂

Question 62

Which of the following statements concerning crystal field theory is incorrect?

A)In an isolated metal ion the d-orbitals have identical energies.
B)In low spin octahedral complexes the electrons are concentrated in the d_xy,d_xz,and d_yz orbitals.
C)High spin complexes have the minimum of unpaired electrons.
D)Strong bonding ligands favor a larger crystal field splitting (Δ)than weak bonding ligands.
E)Low spin complexes are favored when the electron pairing energy (P)is less than the crystal field splitting (Δ).

Question 63

Which of the following salts would not be expected to be colored in aqueous solution?

A)CoCl₂
B)FeCl₂
C)CuCl₂
D)CuCl
E)CrCl₃

Question 64

Which of the following salts would not be expected to be colored in aqueous solution?

A)CrF₃
B)NiF₂
C)TiF₃
D)ScF₃
E)MnF₃

Question 65

Which of the following salts would not be expected to be colored in aqueous solution?

A)NiCl₂
B)CuCl₂
C)CrCl₂
D)TiCl₃
E)CdCl₂

Question 66

How many unpaired electrons are there in an octahedral cobalt(III)complex with weak-bonding ligands?

A)1
B)2
C)4
D)3
E)0

Question 67

The octahedral complex hexacyanoferrate(III)ion,[Fe(CN)₆]^3-,is a low-spin complex.How many unpaired electrons does the complex have?

A)5
B)1
C)4
D)0
E)3

Question 68

The spectrochemical series is an arrangement of

A)ligands in order of their tendency to split the d orbitals of a transition metal ion.
B)coordination compounds in order of increasing ligand field splitting (Δ).
C)complex ions in order of the wavelength of light absorbed.
D)ligands in the order of electronegativity.
E)ligands in order of Lewis basicity.

Question 69

The complex ion NiCl₄^2- is tetrahedral.The number of unpaired electrons in the complex is

A)2.
B)3.
C)0.
D)4.
E)1.

Question 70

How many unpaired electrons are there in the tetrahedral complex ion [FeCl₄]^-?

A)3
B)2
C)1
D)4
E)5

Question 71

_____ is a model of the electronic structure of transition-metal complexes that considers how the energies of the d orbitals of a metal ion are affected by the electric field of the ligands.

A)​Valence bond theory
B)​Mixed potential theory
C)​Toba catastrophe theory
D)​Crystal field theory
E)​Lorentz ether theory

Question 72

Which of the following salts would be expected to be colored in aqueous solution?

A)AlI₃
B)CuI
C)TiCl₄
D)CrCl₂
E)ScI₃

Question 73

How is pure chromium metal prepared?

A)​By exothermic reaction of chromium (VI)oxide,obtained from aluminum ore,with steel
B)​By endothermic reaction of chromium (III)oxide,obtained from chromite ore,with aluminum
C)​By endothermic reaction of chromium (II)oxide,obtained from iron ore,with copper
D)​By exothermic reaction of chromium (III)oxide,obtained from chromite ore,with aluminum
E)​By endothermic reaction of chromium (VI)oxide,obtained from aluminum ore,with brass

Question 74

If an octahedral iron(II)complex is paramagnetic,which of the following sets of conditions best describes the complex?

A)low spin,Δ small
B)low spin,Δ large
C)high spin,Δ small
D)high spin,Δ large
E)none of the above

Question 75

A complex ion is a square planar complex.It has a d⁸ electron configuration.What is the most reasonable d orbital scheme for this complex?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)