Deck 28: Atomic Physics

Question 1

The Paschen series of hydrogen corresponds to electron transitions from higher levels to n = 3.What is the shortest wavelength in that series? (R = 1.097 × 10⁷ m−¹ and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 1875 nm
B) 820 nm
C) 1580 nm
D) 656 nm
E) ​1094 nm

Answer 1

820 nm

Question 2

According to the Rutherford model of the atom,most of the volume of an atom:

A) is empty space.
B) was occupied by the nucleus.
C) contained positive charges.
D) excluded electrons.

Answer 2

is empty space.

Question 3

The four visible colors emitted by hydrogen atoms are produced by electrons:

A) that start in the ground state.
B) that end up in the ground state.
C) that start in the level with n = 2.
D) that end up in the level with n = 2.

Answer 3

that end up in the level with n = 2.

Question 4

What is the wavelength of the line in the Paschen series of hydrogen that is comprised of transitions from the n = 5 to the n = 3 levels? (R = 1.097 × 10⁷ m−¹ and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 1406 nm
B) 1282 nm
C) 684 nm
D) 750 nm
E) ​365 nm

Question 5

The ionization energy of the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV.What is the energy of a photon emitted corresponding to a transition from the n = 5 to n = 3 state?

A) 0.97 eV
B) 1.81 eV
C) 3.40 eV
D) 6.80 eV
E) ​0.24 eV

Question 6

The ionization energy for the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV.What is the energy of a photon that is emitted as a hydrogen atom makes a transition between the n = 6 and n = 4 states?

A) 1.13 eV
B) 0.47 eV
C) 0.09 eV
D) 3.40 eV
E) ​6.80 eV

Question 7

Of the various wavelengths emitted from a hydrogen gas discharge tube,those that are associated with transitions from higher levels down to the n = 1 level produce which of the following?

A) infrared
B) visible
C) mixture of infrared and visible
D) ultraviolet

Question 8

The visible lines from hydrogen are all members of the:

A) Lyman series.
B) Balmer series.
C) Paschen series.
D) Brackett series.

Question 9

The Lyman series of hydrogen is made up of those transitions made from higher levels to n = 1.If the fifth line in this series has a wavelength of 94 nm,what is the wavelength of the sixth line?

A) 106 nm
B) 93 nm
C) 117 nm
D) 102 nm
E) ​124 nm

Question 10

The Lyman series of hydrogen corresponds to electron transitions from higher levels to n = 1.What is the longest wavelength in that series? (R = 1.097 × 10⁷ m−¹ and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 91.4 nm
B) 122 nm
C) 273 nm
D) 456 nm

Question 11

What is the wavelength of the line in the Balmer series of hydrogen that is comprised of transitions from the n = 5 to the n = 2 level? (R = 1.097 × 10⁷ m−¹ and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 304 nm
B) 434 nm
C) 476 nm
D) 95 nm
E) ​333 nm

Question 12

If the radius of the electron orbit in the n = 1 level of the hydrogen atoms is 0.052 9 nm,what is its radius for the n = 4 level? (Assume the Bohr model is valid).

A) 0.212 nm
B) 0.045 nm
C) 0.716 nm
D) 0.846 nm
E) ​0.920 nm

Question 13

An alpha particle is:

A) a neutral helium atom.
B) any positively charged nucleus.
C) an x-ray.
D) None of the above.

Question 14

When a wire carries high current causing it to glow,it will emit which type of spectrum?

A) line emission
B) line absorption
C) continuous
D) monochromatic

Question 15

The ionization energy of the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV.What is the energy of the n = 7 state?

A) 11.7 eV
B) -11.7 eV
C) 0.28 eV
D) -0.28 eV
E) ​1.94 eV

Question 16

When a cool gas is placed between a glowing wire filament source and a diffraction grating,the resultant spectrum from the grating is which one of the following?

A) line emission
B) line absorption
C) continuous
D) monochromatic

Question 17

In contrast to Thomson's model of the atom,Rutherford's model:

A) had the positive charge spread uniformly through the atom.
B) had the positive charge concentrated in a small region.
C) was first to explain atoms emitting discrete frequencies.
D) eliminated radiation from accelerating charges.

Question 18

The ionization energy of the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV.What is the wavelength of a photon having this much energy? (h = 6.63 × 10−³⁴ J⋅s,c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,1 eV = 1.6 × 10−¹⁹ J,and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 91.4 nm
B) 136 nm
C) 273 nm
D) 360 nm

Question 19

Of the various wavelengths emitted from a hydrogen gas discharge tube,those associated with transitions from higher levels down to the n = 2 level produce which of the following?

A) infrared
B) visible
C) mixture of visible and ultraviolet
D) ultraviolet

Question 20

When a high voltage is applied to a low-pressure gas causing it to glow,it will emit which type of spectrum?

A) line emission
B) line absorption
C) continuous
D) monochromatic

Question 21

Using quantum theories to study the hydrogen atom allows the prediction and experimental verification of many data about atoms such as He⁺ and Li²⁺.Some quantities that can successfully be predicted about He⁺ and Li²⁺ in this manner are:

A) the color of the light they will emit.
B) their mass.
C) their abundance in nature.
D) All of the above.

Question 22

In an analysis relating Bohr's theory to the de Broglie wavelength of electrons,when an electron moves from the n = 1 level to the n = 2 level,the circumference for its orbit becomes 4 times greater.This occurs because:

A) there are four times as many wavelengths in the new orbit.
B) the wavelength of the electron becomes four times as long.
C) there are twice as many wavelengths,and each wavelength is twice as long.
D) the electron is moving four times as fast.

Question 23

Which of the following transitions in hydrogen from an initial state (n_i)to a final state (n_f)results in the most energy emitted?

A) n_i = 80,n_f = 2
B) n_i = 3,n_f = 95
C) n_i = 2,n_f = 1
D) n_i = 1,n_f = 3

Question 24

In the Bohr model of the atom,the orbits where electrons move fastest:

A) have the lowest energy.
B) have the highest energy.
C) have the biggest radius.
D) have the greatest angular momentum.

Question 25

The quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom requires that if the principal quantum number = 4,there will be how many permitted orbital quantum numbers?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 8
D) 16
E) ​32

Question 26

The speed of the electron in the Bohr theory of hydrogen is:

A) proportional to n.
B) proportional to n².
C) inversely proportional to n.
D) inversely proportional to n².

Question 27

In the hydrogen atom the potential energy is negative,but the absolute value of the potential energy:

A) is equal to the kinetic energy of the electron.
B) is twice the kinetic energy of the electron.
C) is half the kinetic energy of the electron.
D) is equal to n² times the kinetic energy of the electron.

Question 28

A hydrogen atom in the ground state absorbs a 13.32-eV photon.To what level is the electron promoted? (The ionization energy of hydrogen is 13.6-eV).

A) n = 6
B) n = 9
C) n = 7
D) n = 5
E) ​n = 11

Question 29

The Bohr theory does not predict that:

A) hydrogen atoms will give off the lines from the Balmer series.
B) the ground state of hydrogen is spherically symmetric.
C) it requires 13.6 eV to ionize hydrogen.
D) the approximate radius of a hydrogen atom is 5.3 × 10−¹¹ m.

Question 30

How many possible substates are available in a hydrogen atom where the principal quantum number is 6?

A) 12
B) 36
C) 72
D) 144
E) ​18

Question 31

The quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom requires that if the orbital magnetic quantum number is 3,there will be how many permitted spin magnetic quantum numbers?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 6
E) ​7

Question 32

A photon is emitted from a hydrogen atom that undergoes a transition from n = 3 to n = 2.Calculate the energy and wavelength of the photon.(The ionization energy of hydrogen is 13.6 eV,and h = 6.63 × 10−³⁴ J⋅s,c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,1 eV = 1.60 × 10−¹⁹ J,and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 1.9 eV,660 nm
B) 1.9 eV,1050 nm
C) 2.3 eV,550 nm
D) 2.3 eV,660 nm
E) ​2.3 eV,1050 nm

Question 33

What is the energy needed to change an He⁺ ion into an He⁺⁺ ion? (The ionization energy of hydrogen is 13.6 eV).

A) 13.6 eV
B) 54.4 eV
C) 92.9 eV
D) 112.4 eV

Question 34

When an electron moves from the n = 1 to the n = 2 orbit:

A) both the radius and the angular momentum double.
B) both the radius and the angular momentum increase by a factor of 4.
C) the radius doubles and the angular momentum increases by a factor of 4.
D) the radius increases by a factor of 4,and the angular momentum doubles.

Question 35

An energy of 13.6 eV is needed to remove an electron from the n = 3 state of a lithium atom.If a single photon accomplishes this task,what wavelength is needed? (h = 6.63 × 10−³⁴ J⋅s,c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,1 eV = 1.6 × 10−¹⁹ J,and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 146.3 nm
B) 30.5 nm
C) 13.8 nm
D) 91.4 nm
E) ​234 nm

Question 36

The quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom requires that if the orbital quantum number of the hydrogen atom is 7,there will be how many permitted orbital magnetic quantum numbers?

A) 6
B) 7
C) 14
D) 15
E) ​49

Question 37

A muon behaves like an electron except that it has 207 times the mass of the electron.If a muon were bound to a proton,how would the energy levels in the Bohr model compare to those for a bound electron?

A) They would be the same.
B) They would be (207)² times as much as those for the electron.
C) They would be 207 times as much as those for the electron.
D) They would be (1/207)times as much as those for the electron.

Question 38

The Bohr model of the hydrogen atom accounts for which quantum number?

A) principal
B) orbital
C) orbital magnetic
D) All of the above.

Question 39

The quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom requires that if the principal quantum number is 5,there will be how many different permitted orbital quantum number(s)?

A) 4
B) 10
C) 5
D) 25
E) ​11

Question 40

The emission of a line from the Balmer series is followed almost immediately by the emission of a line from the Lyman series.This will be true for:

A) only the first line of the Balmer series and the first line of the Lyman series.
B) all the lines of the Balmer series followed by only the first line of the Lyman series.
C) only the first line of the Balmer series followed by any of the lines of the Lyman series.
D) all the lines of the Balmer series followed by any of the lines of the Lyman series.

Question 41

If a target element with atomic number Z used in the production of x-rays is replaced by another element for which the atomic number = 5Z,by what factor is the wavelength of the K-alpha x-ray line changed?

A) 1/25
B) 1/5
C) 1
D) 5
E) ​25

Question 42

The quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom suggests a visual picture of the electron as which of the following?

A) raisin in pudding
B) probability cloud
C) planetary orbiting body
D) light quantum

Question 43

If the principal quantum number for hydrogen is 7,which one of the following is not a permitted orbital magnetic quantum number for that atom?

A) 10
B) -2
C) 0
D) 5
E) ​3

Question 44

The quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom requires that if the orbital quantum number = 6,there are permitted how many possible substates?

A) 6
B) 12
C) 26
D) 13
E) ​36

Question 45

The quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom requires that if the orbital quantum number = 7,there will be how many permitted orbital magnetic quantum numbers allowed?

A) 6
B) 7
C) 14
D) 15
E) ​49

Question 46

The x-rays that occur when a high energy electron beam is incident on a metal target will show what type of spectrum?

A) continuous
B) line
C) continuous spectrum superimposed with a line spectrum
D) absorption

Question 47

The restriction that no more than one electron may occupy a given quantum state in an atom was first stated by which of the following scientists?

A) Bohr
B) de Broglie
C) Heisenberg
D) Pauli

Question 48

When a hydrogen atom absorbs a photon that raises it to the n = 4 state,how many different energies are possible for the photon(s)that may be emitted as the atom eventually returns to the ground state?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 8
E) T​he correct answer is not given.

Question 49

In an x-ray machine,electrons are accelerated and then fired so that they are incident on a metal target.Which part of the process produces the characteristic x-ray spectra?

A) The incident electron loses energy.
B) The incident electron knocks an electron out of one of the metal atoms.
C) A vacancy in an energy level in a metal atom is filled.
D) The incident electron emits an x-ray.

Question 50

In a plot of probability of finding the electron in the hydrogen ground state versus the distance from the nucleus,the maximum occurs:

A) at a₀,the first Bohr radius.
B) at slightly less than a₀.
C) at slightly more than a₀.
D) at 2 a₀.

Question 51

The ground state electronic configuration for magnesium is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s².What is the orbital quantum number of the last (3s²)electron?

A) 2
B) 0
C) 1
D) 3
E) ​not enough information

Question 52

The ground state electronic configuration for boron is 1s²2s²2p¹.In which shell is the last (2p¹)electron?

A) K
B) M
C) ​L
D) N
E) ​O

Question 53

Characteristic x-rays are the result of:

A) outer electron transitions.
B) inner electron transitions.
C) nuclear electron states.
D) buckytubes.

Question 54

How many electrons are in chromium's (atomic number chromium)next to outer shell (n = 3)?

A) 1
B) 14
C) 12
D) 13
E) ​8

Question 55

The quantum mechanical model of the hydrogen atom requires that if the principal quantum number = 3,there will be permitted how many orbital magnetic quantum numbers?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 6
D) 5
E) ​7

Question 56

The quantum number that can have only two possible values is the:

A) principal quantum number.
B) orbital quantum number.
C) orbital magnetic quantum number.
D) spin magnetic quantum number.

Question 57

Which of the following demonstrated the relation between the atomic number of a given element and the wavelength of the K-alpha x-ray photon emitted by that element?

A) Bohr
B) Compton
C) Moseley
D) Pauli

Question 58

The quantity ________,where Ψ is the wave function,represents the probability per unit volume of finding an electron in that volume.

A) Ψ^1/2
B) Ψ
C) Ψ^3/2
D) Ψ²

Question 59

If the energy for the ground state level (n = 1)of hydrogen is −13.6 eV,which of the following gives an approximate value for the energy of an electron of the K shell (n = 1)of the element beryllium for which the atomic number = 4?

A) -122 eV
B) -40.8 eV
C) -218 eV
D) -54.4 eV
E) ​-40.8 eV

Question 60

Imagine that an electron had a spin of 5/2 so that its spin quantum number,m_s,could have the following six values: m_s = +5/2,+3/2,+1/2,-1/2,-3/2,and -5/2.If this were true,the first element with a filled shell would be:

A) He with 2 electrons.
B) Be with 4 electrons.
C) C with 6 electrons.
D) O with 8 electrons.

Question 61

Selenium has atomic number 34.In its ground state,how many electrons are in its n = 2 shell?

A) 8
B) 8.
C) 2
D) 10
E) ​16

Question 62

In the n = 4 shell,how many distinct values of m_t are possible?

A) 4
B) 8
C) 9
D) The correct value is not given.

Question 63

In neon,the 20.80-eV level can undergo lasing action to the 17.43-eV level.What is the energy of the resulting photons?

A) 20.80 eV
B) 17.43 eV
C) 38.23 eV
D) 3.370 eV
E) ​1.685 eV

Question 64

If a hydrogen atom,originally in its ground state of energy -13.6 eV,absorbs a photon of energy 15.9 eV,what is the resulting kinetic energy of the electron if the proton has negligible kinetic energy?

A) 13.6​
B) -2.30 eV
C) 2.30 eV
D) 15.9 eV
E) ​Such a photon cannot be absorbed in this case.

Question 65

A ruby laser can deliver an 4.33 J pulse in approximately 50 nanoseconds.The wavelength of the light is 694 nm.At least how many atoms within the ruby rod had to be excited to allow this high-energy laser pulse? (h = 6.63 × 10−³⁴ J⋅s,c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,1 eV = 1.6 × 10−¹⁹ J,and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 3.5E+18
B) 3.0E+17
C) 1.5E+19
D) 1.5E+21
E) ​1.1E+18

Question 66

The wavelength of coherent ruby laser light is 694 nm.What energy difference exists between the upper excited state involved and the lower unexcited ground state? (h = 6.63 × 10−³⁴ J⋅s,c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,1 eV = 1.60 × 10−¹⁹ J,and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 0.56 eV
B) 1.79 eV
C) 1.67 eV
D) 2.87 eV
E) ​0.35 eV

Question 67

Which of the following conditions must be satisfied for laser action?

A) A ruby or similar crystalline material must be used.
B) A population inversion must occur.
C) The photons must be red.
D) A binary system must be used.

Question 68

The red light from a HeNe laboratory laser results from a transition in Ne.Determine the wavelength of the light given off if the energy difference between states is 2.29 eV.(h = 6.63 × 10−³⁴ J⋅s,c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,1 eV = 1.60 × 10−¹⁹ J,and 1 nm = 10−⁹ m)

A) 181 nm
B) 870 nm
C) 544 nm
D) 2840 nm
E) ​428 nm

Question 69

Consider the hydrogen atom,singly ionized helium atom,and the doubly ionized lithium atom.Arrange these atoms from highest energy ground state to lowest energy ground state.

A) H,He⁺,Li⁺⁺
B) Li⁺⁺,He⁺,H
C) H,Li⁺⁺,He⁺
D) Since each of these atoms has only one electron,they all have the same energy ground state.

Question 70

The stimulated emission of photons from the excited atoms in a gas laser is prompted by which of the following?

A) high voltage
B) high flux of electrons
C) nearby presence of photons of same wavelength as those emitted
D) high temperature

Question 71

​When a hydrogen atom absorbs a photon that raises it to the n = 7 state,what is the greatest number of photons that can be emitted by that atom as it returns to the ground state?

A) 6
B) 7
C) 8
D) ​14
E) ​The correct answer is not given.