Deck 2: Ethics Matters: Understanding the Ethics of Public Speaking

Question 1

Elspeth Tilley's Ethical Pyramid emphasizes:

A)attention,open-mindedness,and accuracy.
B)intent,means,and ends.
C)motive,means,and opportunity.
D)reading,research,and reporting.
E)speaking,listening,and assessing.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Within the ethical pyramid,the tools and behaviors we use in order to achieve our desired outcomes are called the "_______________."

Answer 2

means

Question 3

A general principle that promotes ethical speech is:

A)deciding whether a behavior is beneficial for most people.
B)making an effort to avoid controversy.
C)quoting others,so that they are responsible for accuracy.
D)trying to make dangerous topics less scary.
E)wording one's statements tentatively.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Within the ethical pyramid,the desired outcomes are called the "_________________."

Question 5

Plagiarism:

A)is always serious,even if done by mistake.
B)is easily avoided by changing one or two words in a quotation.
C)isn't a problem if no one is harmed.
D)is not serious if done unintentionally.
E)is the best way to be accurate.

Question 6

As a test of ethicality,Elspeth Tilley suggests asking the question:

A)"Is this speech going to make the audience take me seriously?"
B)"Is this topic appropriate for the assignment and the audience?"
C)"Will this topic draw criticism?"
D)"Will my remarks on this topic get anyone upset?"
E)"Would I be happy if the outcomes of the behavior were reversed and applied to me?"

Question 7

Having ethical intentions is all that's necessary toward giving an ethical speech.

Question 8

The concepts of intent,means,and ends are part of the __________ ___________.

Question 9

"Means" are:

A)averages derived by adding data together and dividing the total by the number of items.
B)financial or other resources required to pursue research.
C)measures of how well we successfully say what we actually mean.
D)popular ideas accepted by most audiences.
E)tools or behaviors we employ to achieve a desired outcome.

Question 10

An ethical message is one that benefits both the listeners and the ______________.

Question 11

As a listener,you should:

A)be as open-minded as you can.
B)compare the speaker's comments with your own knowledge.
C)maintain your own convictions when they differ from what the speaker says.
D)make inferences about dishonesty if the speaker seems nervous.
E)refuse to listen to a speaker with whom you disagree.

Question 12

Ends are ethical when they:

A)avoid controversial topics.
B)effectively motivate the audience to think and act morally.
C)make use of tentative statements.
D)put audience members at ease.
E)seek to provide benefit to both the speaker and the listener.

Question 13

__________________ is the use of someone else's words and representing them as your own.

Question 14

Many professional organizations have codes of ethics that contain:

A)arguments that defend a speaker's right to free speech.
B)formulas for producing ethical speech.
C)guidelines for how employees should interact with suppliers or clients.
D)rules about what one should or should not say.
E)strategies for staying out of trouble.

Question 15

"Ends" are:

A)conclusions,where you summarize your main points.
B)feedback provided verbally or nonverbally by the audience.
C)honest statements.
D)outcomes you seek to achieve.
E)ways of making sure the audience understands you.

Question 16

Codes of ethics are set of laws which,if obeyed,always produce ethical speech.

Question 17

There are strategies that help you test the ethicality of your message.

Question 18

Having ethical intent is important:

A)but not as important as achieving a very important goal.
B)from the outset,so a speaker tells the truth as fully as possible.
C)if the audience is likely to really listen.
D)to earning a good grade in Public Speaking.
E)when the purpose of the speech to persuade the audience.

Question 19

Plagiarism is sometimes done unintentionally.

Question 20

Ethical listeners do not allow new ideas to influence them.

Question 21

Draw and explain the ethical pyramid.

Question 22

Ethics concerns questions of right and wrong.

Question 23

Distortion is:

A)the audience's misunderstanding of a message.
B)a confusing error in the pronunciation of a word.
C)an emphasis on a small detail.
D)the purposeful twisting of information.
E)the use of the same word in two different ways.

Question 24

The NCS Credo for Ethical Communication is a set of laws governing the language of speeches.

Question 25

Plagiarism is unethical because:

A)audiences want to hear only the ideas that originate in your own mind.
B)it is easily detected by listeners,who will then give negative feedback.
C)it misquotes your sources of information.
D)it misrepresents another person's words and ideas as the speaker's own work.
E)it reveals the speaker as a lazy person.

Question 26

Listening to others before evaluating them and responding to them is important because:

A)it's ethical behavior to be polite and respectful.
B)preconceived biases cause us to misunderstand a speaker before he or she speaks.
C)speakers can then express themselves without fear of criticism.
D)the speaker is forced to prove that their views are superior to those of the audience.
E)the speaker is obligated to do the same for us when we give a speech.

Question 27

The NCA Credo for Ethical Communication:

A)asks us to distinguish between public and private communication.
B)expresses the NCA's deeply held values about ethical speech.
C)is entirely based on Aristotle's dialogues on ethics.
D)names the specific occasions in which a person must speak ethically.
E)provides a legal framework for ethical speech.

Question 28

As an ethical listener,how do you act toward a speaker with whom you don't agree?

Question 29

A good way to build an effective speech is to select evidence that supports your point of view.

Question 30

Caring about the audience means you:

A)care what they will remember about you later.
B)make the effort to speak in a way that has their best interests at heart.
C)respect them by being completely honest about your opinions.
D)say things that give them comfort,encouragement,and relief.
E)understand exactly what the audience needs and you give it to them.

Question 31

Is it ever ethical to edit or alter an example or case study in order to motivate an audience toward an extremely important conclusion? Defend your answer.

Question 32

Why is it important to be an ethical speaker?

Question 33

Distortion is unethical because:

A)the audience might not be sufficiently knowledgeable to decode it.
B)it causes controversy.
C)it makes unwarranted demands on the audience.
D)it misrepresents the truth.
E)the speaker might get away with it.

Question 34

What is one of the questions you could ask to test the ethicality of your message?

Question 35

What is a code of ethics?

Question 36

What does it mean to be an ethical speaker?

Question 37

Ageist,racist,sexist,and heterosexist terms are unethical because they:

A)are illegal.
B)are inaccurate.
C)degrade people.
D)distract the audience.
E)show the speaker's ignorance.

Question 38

Audiences have a right to:

A)get simple,straightforward information.
B)hear an entertaining speech that will hold their interest.
C)know the difference between fact and opinion.
D)listen to a speech about a unique topic.
E)a speech that avoids controversy.

Question 39

Truthfulness,accuracy,and honesty mean:

A)as long as you don't blatantly lie,you are an ethical speaker.
B)distortions and exaggerations are violations of the relationship with the audience.
C)making sure the facts you choose to present are technically accurate.
D)our high-ranking politicians should not lie.
E)sources of information are unimportant as long as the information itself is factual.

Question 40

Freedom of expression,diversity of perspective,and tolerance of dissent are important:

A)because we have a right to our own opinions.
B)if it helps us form counter-arguments against people with whom we disagree.
C)to gaining an understanding of events and issues from many perspectives.
D)to our ability to identify nonconformists.
E)when it supports our most important values and beliefs.

Question 41

Websites are reliable sources of accurate,ethical information.

Question 42

Why is freedom of expression important?

Question 43

What must a speaker do when they paraphrase someone's work or ideas?

Question 44

Why must a speaker be selective about her or his sources of information?

Question 45

Which of the following freedoms is NOT guaranteed in the First Amendment of the US Constitution?

A)no law respecting an establishment of religion
B)free exercise of religion
C)freedom of speech
D)freedom of press
E)pursuit of happiness

Question 46

What is your ethical responsibility as an audience member?

Question 47

Freedom of speech is guaranteed in the Declaration of Independence.

Question 48

The use of information or ideas without citing the source is called ______________.

Question 49

There is a universally agreed upon interpretation of the US Constitution.

Question 50

A speaker should get permission before disclosing someone's personal story in order to keep from violating his or her ________________.

Question 51

An ethical speaker must cite her or his sources of both ideas and quotations.

Question 52

List at least three reasons why a person should cite the sources that she or he uses.

Question 53

What is the right to express information,ideas,and opinions free of government restrictions based on content and subject only to reasonable limitations?

A)free speech
B)unrestricted oral liberty
C)rhetorical flexibility
D)rhetorical freedom
E)systematic freedom

Question 54

As audience members,we should _______________ to a speaker before making judgments about them or their message.

Question 55

There are reasonable limitations to free speech within the United States.

Question 56

Why should we tolerate diverse viewpoints?

Question 57

What are some of the ways a speaker can show respect for the audience?

Question 58

Free speech is guaranteed to American citizenry through the Bill of Rights.

Question 59

Free speech prevents us from hearing multiple points of view so we can make informed decisions.

Question 60

Free speech for United States citizens is guaranteed by which historical document?

A)Bill of Rights
B)Declaration of Independence
C)Magna Carta
D)Treatise of Washington Square
E)Supreme Court Decision Morse et al.v.Frederick

Question 61

_________ __________ is the right to express information,ideas,and opinions free of government restrictions based on content and subject only to reasonable limitations.

Question 62

Explain why it is important for citizens to understand the limits of free speech in the United States.

Question 63

Why should public speakers be worried about limitations placed on the constitutional right to free speech?

Question 64

Explain the importance of the First Amendment in regards to public speaking.

Question 65

Describe how Morse et al.v.Frederick limited student free speech.How do you think this could affect individuals engaged in public speaking?

Question 66

Explain why it is important for citizens to pay attention to judicial decisions that affect free speech.