Deck 4: Specifying a Purpose and Research Questions or Hypotheses

Question 1

A confounding variable is

A)a variable that cannot be easily explained.
B)a variable that contradicts what one expects to find.
C)a variable that cannot be directly measured.
D)a variable that affects or impacts an outcome.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The following is an example of what type of quantitative research question:

A)Descriptive question
B)Relationship question
C)Comparison question
D)Association question

Answer 2

B

Question 3

List the independent variable:

Answer 3

Type of testing situation

Question 4

When qualitative researchers refer to the intent of the study as "emerging," they are referring to:

A)the new participants that will suddenly appear to be interviewed.
B)the clarification of the nature of the central phenomenon.
C)the gradual focusing of the research questions.
D)the uncertain characteristic of what they are studying.

Question 5

Select the best reason below for why a purpose statement is important.

A)It justifies the problem for the reader.
B)It informs the reader of the central ideas addressed in your study.
C)It provides the reader with the question you are attempting to answer.
D)It informs the reader of your predictions about relationships among attributes.

Question 6

Which one of the following is NOT a variable?

A)Self-concept
B)Age
C)Gender
D)U.S.stereotype

Question 7

What is the dependent variable?

Question 8

What is the independent variable?

Question 9

An explanation or prediction for the relationship between two or more variables in quantitative research is called a

A)theory.
B)variable.
C)hunch.
D)framework.

Question 10

Who are the participants in the study?

Question 11

The difference between a hypothesis and a research question is that the hypothesis

A)predicts what the researcher will expect to find.
B)hypothesizes the relationship among variables.
C)is a statement of fact rather than a question.
D)requires statistical testing in a research study.

Question 12

Identify the type of variables used in quantitative research when determine the interaction effect

A)Measured variables
B)Joint variables
C)Control variables
D)Moderating variables

Question 13

Examine the following quantitative research question:

“Do fourth-grade students who collaborate in groups of three or four in an initial testing situation retain information better than those who were given an individual spelling test?”



-List the dependent variable:

Question 14

What characteristic below distinguishes a quantitative research question from a research hypothesis?

A)One is a purpose of the study and the other is a question.
B)One is a question and the other is a hypothetical inquiry.
C)One is a question and the other is a prediction.
D)One is an objective and the other is a statement.

Question 15

Identify the independent variables:

Question 16

Which of the following best represents a central phenomenon in qualitative research?

A)the age of the participant
B)stages in adolescent development
C)a concept drawn from the social sciences
D)measures of self-esteem

Question 17

In the following quantitative purpose statement,indicate the intervening variable:

A)College students
B)Self-esteem
C)Social interactions
D)High grades

Question 18

Types of leadership styles,such as autocratic,consensus-building,and transformational,are examples of what type of scores on variables.

A)Continuous scores
B)Leadership scores
C)Ordinal scores
D)Categorical scores

Question 19

Examine this quantitative research question,"What is the relationship of substance use,gender,and academic achievement in high school?"

A)Substance use
B)Gender
C)Academic achievement
D)There is no control variable

Question 20

Identify the dependent variables:

Question 21

What is the purpose of the questions in this passage?

Question 22

Rewrite this poor example of a qualitative central research question:

Question 23

What is the location or research site for the study?

Question 24

What is the central phenomenon being studied?

Question 25

In the mothers' trust in school principals study (Shelden et al.,2010),the authors advance in paragraph 14 the question: "What are the perspectives of mothers of children with disabilities on trust in school principals?" What is the central phenomenon being explored in this study that can be gleaned from this question?

Question 26

What are four elements are present?

Question 27

Rewrite the following poor example of a quantitative research hypothesis:

Question 28

In your own words,construct the central question that this study addresses:

Question 29

Identify the central phenomenon in this qualitative purpose statement.