Deck 3: Ionic Compounds

Question 1

The term which best describes the crystalline substance that results when a large number of metal atoms transfers electrons to a large number of non-metal atoms is

A)covalent compound.
B)molecule.
C)ionic solid.
D)cation.
E)anion.

Answer 1

ionic solid.

Question 2

The property that describes the ease with which an atom gives up an electron to form a positive ion is

A)atomic number.
B)electron affinity.
C)electronegativity.
D)ionization energy.
E)none of the above

Answer 2

ionization energy.

Question 3

Which of the following electron configurations is most stable?

A)1s² 2s²
B)1s² 2s² 2p²
C)1s² 2s² 2p³
D)1s² 2s² 2p⁴
E)1s² 2s² 2p⁶

Answer 3

1s² 2s² 2p⁶

Question 4

When an atom donates an electron,that electron

A)is lost for all time.
B)is acquired by another atom which becomes an anion.
C)is acquired by another atom which becomes a cation.
D)neutralizes a proton to form a neutron.
E)pairs with another electron to form a covalent bond.

Question 5

Which of the following pairs will form ionic bonds with one another?

A)N,C
B)Na,Ca
C)Cs,Br
D)S,Cl

Question 6

The statement that best describes the formation of an ionic compound is:

A)Electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal,and the resulting charged particles form a crystalline network.
B)Electrons are transferred from a non-metal to a metal,and the resulting charged particles form a crystalline network.
C)Electrons are shared between two atoms and discrete molecules are formed.
D)Electrons move freely among a network of nuclei in fixed positions.
E)Each atom achieves an octet using electrons provided from an external electrical supply.

Question 7

An element belonging to the alkaline earth family would be expected to have a ________ ionization energy and a ________ electron affinity.

A)large; large
B)large; small
C)small; small
D)small; large
E)none of the above

Question 8

What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron configuration of ns²np⁴?

A)2-
B)1-
C)2+
D)4+
E)6+

Question 9

An element belonging to the halogen family would be expected to have a ________ ionization energy and a ________ electron affinity.

A)large; large
B)large; small
C)small; small
D)small; large
E)none of the above

Question 10

Which one of the compounds below is most likely to be ionic?

A)SrBr₂
B)NO₂
C)CBr₄
D)H₂O

Question 11

Main group elements that are metals usually ________ one or more electrons to form ________,which have a ________ charge.

A)lose; anions; negative
B)lose; cations; negative
C)lose; cations; positive
D)gain; cations; positive
E)gain; anions; negative

Question 12

A small negatively charged particle formed when an atom gains one or more electrons is called a(an)

A)anion.
B)cation.
C)isotope.
D)nucleus.
E)proton.

Question 13

The property defined as the energy released on adding an electron to an isolated gas phase atom is

A)atomic number.
B)electron affinity.
C)electronegativity.
D)ionization energy.
E)none of the above

Question 14

One characteristic of a cation is that

A)it has more protons than electrons.
B)it has equal numbers of protons and electrons.
C)it has more electrons than protons.
D)the number of neutrons is related to the number of electrons.
E)the relationship between protons and electrons varies with the cation in question.

Question 15

A positively charged particle formed by loss of one or more electrons from an atom is called a(an)

A)anion.
B)cation.
C)isotope.
D)nucleus.
E)proton.

Question 16

What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron configuration of ns¹?

A)7-
B)1-
C)0
D)1+
E)7+

Question 17

Which of the following has the largest ionization energy?

A)Ne
B)Br
C)P
D)Al
E)Ca

Question 18

All of the following are properties typical of ionic compounds except

A)exist as crystalline solids at room temperature.
B)conduct electrical current if dissolved in water.
C)form distinct molecules by interaction of specific particles.
D)have very high melting points and boiling points.
E)shatter when crystals are struck.

Question 19

The property defined as the energy required to remove one electron from an atom in the gaseous state is

A)atomic number.
B)electron affinity.
C)ionization energy.
D)electronegativity.
E)none of the above

Question 20

Main group elements that are non-metals usually ________ one or more electrons to form ________,which have a ________ charge.

A)lose; anions; negative
B)lose; cations; negative
C)lose; cations; positive
D)gain; cations; positive
E)gain; anions; negative

Question 21

Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a -1 charge?

A)Mg
B)Si
C)S
D)Cl
E)Sc

Question 22

Briefly explain how the octet rule determines the charge,both sign and magnitude,of an ion.

Question 23

Which of the following ions does not have the same electron configuration as the noble gas neon?

A)O^-2
B)F^-
C)Al⁺³
D)S^-2
E)Mg⁺²

Question 24

The name of Cu²⁺ is ________ ion or ________ ion.

A)copper; cupric
B)copper(i); cupric
C)copper(II); cupric
D)copper(I); cuprous
E)copper(II); cuprous

Question 25

What fourth period element is represented by the dot structure shown?

A)K
B)Ca
C)Mn
D)Br
E)Co

Question 26

Predict the charge that would be found on a carbide ion and on a nitride ion.Explain why these ions are seldom found in compounds.

Question 27

Which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound if allowed to react together?

A)Al and Si
B)Fe and Ca
C)C and F
D)K and Br
E)H and N

Question 28

How are noble gases related to the octet rule?

Question 29

An atom with 3 valence electrons will most likely

A)lose three electrons.
B)gain three electrons.
C)gain five electrons.
D)gain one electron.
E)lose one electron.

Question 30

The name of Cl^- is

A)chlorine ion.
B)chloride ion.
C)chlorate ion.
D)chlorite ion.
E)diatomic chlorine.

Question 31

The name of S^2- is

A)sulfur.
B)sulfate ion.
C)sulfite ion.
D)sulfide ion.
E)sulfurous ion.

Question 32

What fourth period element is represented by the dot structure shown?
X:

A)K
B)Ca
C)V
D)As
E)Ti

Question 33

In order to form an octet,an atom of selenium will

A)lose 6 electrons.
B)gain 6 electrons.
C)lose 2 electrons.
D)gain 2 electrons.

Question 34

Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a -2 charge?

A)Mg
B)Si
C)S
D)K
E)Ti

Question 35

What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron configuration of ns²np⁵?

A)5-
B)1-
C)1+
D)2+
E)5+

Question 36

What is the valence shell electron configuration of the ion formed from an atom of the halogen family?

A)ns²
B)ns² np²
C)ns² np⁴
D)ns² np⁶
E)ns² np⁸

Question 37

What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron configuration of ns²np¹?

A)3-
B)1-
C)1+
D)3+
E)5+

Question 38

Which element will form an ion with the greatest positive charge?

A)Al
B)Na
C)Mg
D)Sr
E)P

Question 39

The charge on a sulfide ion is ________.

A)3+
B)2+
C)0
D)2-
E)3-

Question 40

Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a +2 charge?

A)Mg
B)Si
C)S
D)K
E)Br

Question 41

What is the formula for the ionic compound formed between calcium and sulfur?

A)CaS
B)CaSi
C)Ca₂S
D)CaS₂
E)CaSi₂

Question 42

What is the formula of a compound formed by the ions M²⁺ and X^3-?

A)M₂X₃
B)M₃X₂
C)MX₃
D)M₂X
E)none of the above

Question 43

The formula Ca(NO₃)₂ tells us that one formula unit of this compound is composed of ________ calcium atoms,________ nitrogen atoms,and ________ oxygen atoms.

A)one; two; six
B)two; two; six
C)one; two; five
D)one; one; five
E)one; one; six

Question 44

If an element G could react with sulfur to form an ionic compound with formula GS₂,the charge on the ion formed by G would be ________.

A)4-
B)2-
C)1+
D)2+
E)4+

Question 45

The correct Roman numeral for the chromium ion in the compound CrCl₃ is

A)I
B)II
C)III
D)IV

Question 46

What is the formula for the ionic compound formed between lithium and bromide?

A)LiB
B)LiBr
C)Li₂Br
D)LiBr₂
E)Li⁺Br^-

Question 47

Which is the correct formula for the ionic compound containing iron(III)ions and oxide ions?

A)FeO
B)FeO₂
C)Fe₂O₂
D)Fe₂O₃
E)Fe₃O₂

Question 48

What is the formula of a compound formed by the ions M⁺ and X^3-?

A)MX₃
B)M₃X
C)M₃X₃
D)M₂X₆
E)none of the above

Question 49

What is the formula of the ammonium ion?

A)Am^-
B)Am⁺
C)NH₄ ⁺
D)NH⁴⁺
E)N₄H⁺

Question 50

What is the formula of the sulfite ion?

A)SO₃ ^2-
B)SO₄ ^2-
C)HSO₄ ^2-
D)S ^2-
E)none of the above

Question 51

The name of Sn²⁺ is ________ ion or ________ ion.

A)tin; stannous
B)tin(IV); stannic
C)tin(II); stannic
D)tin(IV); stannous
E)tin(II); stannous

Question 52

The permanganate ion is composed of

A)one atom of magnesium,four atoms of oxygen,and one extra electron.
B)one atom of manganese,four atoms of oxygen,and one extra electron.
C)four atoms of magnesium,four atoms of oxygen,and one extra electron.
D)four atoms of manganese,four atoms of oxygen,and one extra electron.
E)one manganese(II)ion,four oxide ions,and two extra electrons.

Question 53

The formula PO₄ ^3- means that this ion is composed of

A)one atom of phosphorus,one atom of oxygen,and three extra electrons.
B)four atoms of phosphorus,four atoms or oxygen,and three extra electrons.
C)one atom of phosphorus,four atoms of oxygen,and three electrons have been lost.
D)one atom of phosphorus,four atoms of oxygen,and three extra electrons.
E)four atoms of phosphorus,four atoms of oxygen,and three electrons have been lost.

Question 54

What is the formula of the carbonate ion?

A)CO₂ ^3-
B)CO₃ ^2-
C)C₂O₄ ^2-
D)C₂O₄ ^-1
E)C₂H₃O₂ ^-1

Question 55

Which of the following formulas in incorrect for a cobalt(III)compound?

A)CoCO₃
B)CoCl₃
C)Co₂O₃
D)CoPO₄

Question 56

A formula unit of the ionic compound copper(II)carbonate consists of ________ copper(II)ions and ________ carbonate ions.

A)one; one
B)one; two
C)two; one
D)two; two
E)some other combination of ions

Question 57

What is the formula of the nitrate ion?

A)NO₃ ^2-
B)NO ^3-
C)NO₂ ^-1
D)NO₃ ^-1
E)none of the above

Question 58

The HCO₃ -1 ion is called ________.

A)hydrogen carbonate
B)hydrogen carbide
C)carbide
D)carbonate
E)carbonite

Question 59

A formula unit of ammonium sulfate consists of ________ ammonium ions and ________ sulfate ions.

A)one; two
B)two; one
C)two; three
D)three; two
E)four; four

Question 60

The main group element E reacts with chlorine to form an ionic compound with the formula ECl₂.The element E is a member of what group in the Periodic Table?

A)1A
B)2A
C)6A
D)7A
E)none of the above

Question 61

Which of the following formulas represents a compound that is a base?

A)CaSO₄
B)NH₄Cl
C)Mg(OH)₂
D)H₂
E)none of the above

Question 62

The name of the compound with formula NaMnO₄ is

A)sodium magnesium oxide.
B)sodium magnesium tetraoxide.
C)sodium manganate.
D)sodium permanganate.
E)sodium manganese tetraoxide.

Question 63

One definition of a base is a substance that provides which ion in water solution?

A)Na⁺
B)H⁺
C)OH^-
D)H₃O⁺
E)NH₄⁺

Question 64

Which of the following formulas represents a compound that is an acid?

A)CaSO₄
B)NH₄Cl
C)Mg(OH)₂
D)H₂O
E)H₃PO₄

Question 65

What is the name of AlCl₃?

A)aluminum chloride
B)aluminum(III)chloride
C)aluminum carbide
D)aluminum trichloride
E)aluminum tricarbide

Question 66

The formula for the compound chromium(II)nitrate is ________.

A)C₂NO₃
B)Cr₂NO₃
C)CrNO₃
D)Cr(NO₃)₂
E)CrNO₂

Question 67

Iron pyrite (fool's gold)is iron(II)sulfide.What is its formula?

A)FeS
B)FeSO₃
C)FeSO₄
D)Fe₂S₃
E)Fe₂(SO₃)₃

Question 68

What is the formula for calcium phosphate?

A)Ca₃(PO₄)₂
B)Ca₂PO₄
C)Ca₃PO₄
D)Ca₂(PO₃)₃
E)Ca₄(PO₃)₃

Question 69

The formula for potassium dichromate is ________.

A)KCr₂O₇
B)K₂Cr₂O₇
C)K₂CrO₄
D)PCr₂ O₇
E)PCrO₄

Question 70

One definition of an acid is a substance that provides which ion in water solution?

A)Na⁺
B)H⁺
C)OH^-
D)NH₄⁺
E)none of the above

Question 71

What is the name of K₂S?

A)dipotassium sulfide
B)potassium disulfide
C)potassium(II)sulfide
D)potassium sulfide
E)none of the above

Question 72

What is the name of Mg₃(PO₄)₂?

A)trimagnesium diphosphate
B)magnesium diphosphate
C)trimagnesium phosphate
D)magnesium phosphate
E)magnesium phosphorus oxide

Question 73

What is the name of SnCl₂?

A)ditin chloride
B)tin dichloride
C)tin(II)chloride
D)tin chloride
E)strontium chloride

Question 74

The formula (NH₄)₃PO₄ indicates that one formula unit of this compound is composed of

A)three atoms of nitrogen,twelve atoms of hydrogen,one atom of phosphorus,four atoms of oxygen,and six extra electrons.
B)three atoms of nitrogen,twelve atoms of hydrogen,four atoms of phosphorus,and four atoms of oxygen.
C)one atom of nitrogen,twelve atoms of hydrogen,one atom of phosphorus,and four atoms of oxygen.
D)three atoms of nitrogen,seven atoms of hydrogen,one atom of phosphorus,and four atoms of oxygen.
E)three atoms of nitrogen,twelve atoms of hydrogen,one atom of phosphorus,and four atoms of oxygen.

Question 75

The formula for ammonium hydroxide is ________.

A)OHNH₄
B)NH₄NO₃
C)NH₄O
D)NH₄OH
E)Al(OH)₃