Deck 1: Matter and Measurements

Question 1

Which of the following causes a chemical change?

A)winding an alarm clock
B)metabolizing fat
C)slicing a tomato
D)digging a hole
E)pumping gasoline

Answer 1

metabolizing fat

Question 2

Which of the following is a pure substance?

A)root beer
B)bleach
C)eggs
D)gasoline
E)neon

Answer 2

neon

Question 3

Which of the following is a chemical property of aspirin?

A)It does not decompose when protected from moisture.
B)It does not readily dissolve in water.
C)It can be compressed into tablets when mixed with cornstarch.
D)It melts at 135°C.
E)It is a white crystalline solid in pure form at room temperature.

Answer 3

It does not decompose when protected from moisture.

Question 4

Which of the following is a physical change?

A)the rusting of iron
B)the condensation of water vapor
C)the baking of a potato
D)the explosion of nitroglycerin
E)all of the above

Question 5

A chemist is given an unknown gas sample.Which observation describes a chemical property of the sample?

A)It extinguishes a glowing splint.
B)It has a sharp,stinging odor.
C)It is colorless.
D)Its density is greater than that of air.
E)It weighs 11.2 grams.

Question 6

Which is an example of matter?

A)electrical current
B)conductivity
C)reactivity
D)plastic
E)anxiety

Question 7

Which term does not describe a conversion between states of matter?

A)condensation
B)evaporation
C)freezing
D)melting
E)mixing

Question 8

Which of the following is a chemical property?

A)melting point
B)mass
C)flammability
D)volume
E)temperature

Question 9

Which of the following is a physical property?

A)flammability
B)conductivity
C)ability to support combustion
D)corrosiveness
E)inertness

Question 10

Which of the following is a physical property of aspirin?

A)Aspirin can moderate some heart disorders when ingested.
B)Aspirin does not decompose when tightly sealed in a bottle.
C)Aspirin yields carbon dioxide and water vapor when burned.
D)Aspirin can be pressed into tablets when mixed with cornstarch.
E)Aspirin reacts with water to produce salicylic acid and acetic acid.

Question 11

1-butanethiol,one of the compounds giving skunks their distinctive odor,freezes at -115.7°C and boils at 98.5°C.What is its phase at 37°C,the normal body temperature of humans?

A)solid
B)liquid
C)gas
D)a mixture of solid and liquid
E)a mixture of liquid and gas

Question 12

All of the following are examples of matter except

A)heat.
B)air.
C)water.
D)salt.
E)plants.

Question 13

Which factor determines the state of matter in which a substance exists?

A)amount
B)color
C)density
D)odor
E)temperature

Question 14

Which best describes the size and shape of a sample of gas?

A)It has definite volume and definite shape.
B)It has definite volume,but shape is determined by the container.
C)Its volume is determined by the container,but it has a definite shape.
D)Volume and shape are both determined by the container.
E)Volume and shape cannot be described.

Question 15

Malic acid,a compound used to increase the acidity of fruit-flavored products,freezes at 128°C and boils at 150°C.What is its phase at 100°C,a temperature used in food processing applications?

A)solid
B)liquid
C)gas
D)a mixture of solid and liquid
E)a mixture of liquid and gas

Question 16

A chemist is given an unknown sample.Which of her observations is not a physical property?

A)The sample is a colorless liquid.
B)The sample has an odor similar to gasoline.
C)The sample is flammable.
D)The sample size is 55 mL.
E)The density of the liquid is 0.789 g/mL.

Question 17

Barium sulfate is described as a white crystalline solid that melts at 1580°C and decomposes at 1600°C.At a temperature of 500°C,you would expect a sample of barium sulfate to be a

A)colorless liquid.
B)white crystalline solid.
C)yellow liquid.
D)white cloud of vapor.
E)form that cannot be determined.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of matter?

A)light
B)clothing
C)forgiveness
D)jealousy
E)wisdom

Question 19

Which statement describes a physical change?

A)winding an alarm clock
B)turning on a flashlight
C)digesting your lunch
D)burning the morning toast
E)lighting a match

Question 20

Which of the following are states of matter?

A)solid
B)suspension
C)solution
D)precipitate
E)all of the above

Question 21

What is the chemical symbol for chlorine?

A)C
B)Ca
C)Cl
D)Cr
E)Cu

Question 22

Vegetable oil is a(an)________,and is found in the ________ phase.

A)element;liquid
B)compound;solid
C)mixture;liquid
D)compound;gas
E)mixture;solid

Question 23

List and describe two differences between pure substances and mixtures.

Question 24

Each symbol denotes an element except

A)Co.
B)CO.
C)Cu.
D)C.
E)Cl.

Question 25

The formula for ammonia,
,represents a compound composed of

A)one atom of nickel and three atoms of hydrogen.
B)one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen.
C)three atoms of nitrogen and three atoms of hydrogen.
D)three atoms of nitrogen and one atom of hydrogen.
E)one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of helium.

Question 26

What is the symbol for tungsten?

A)W
B)Tu
C)Sn
D)St
E)Ti

Question 27

Which of the following is an element?

A)fire
B)iron
C)salt
D)water
E)wine

Question 28

What is the chemical symbol for calcium?

A)C
B)Ca
C)Cl
D)Cr
E)Cu

Question 29

Which of the following can be classified as a pure compound?

A)alcohol in water, C₂H₅OHinH₂O

B)sugar, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
C)carbon,C
D)iodine,
E)Sulfur,S₈

Question 30

Which of the following is a mixture?

A)cough syrup
B)iron
C)helium
D)sodium hydrogen carbonate
E)steam

Question 31

Which symbol does not denote a compound?

A)
B)
C) C₂H₄
D)Cr
E)Ca CO₃

Question 32

A reddish powder is heated gently in a loosely covered container.After the heating a silvery metal remains in the container,and a glowing wooden splint placed into the container bursts into flame.The original substance is a(an)________,and the solid and gas produced are ________.

A)element;compounds
B)compound;elements
C)mixture;compounds
D)compound;compounds
E)mixture;elements

Question 33

Xylene,a compound with the formula C₈H₁₀,is composed of

A)any combination of atoms of carbon and hydrogen in a four to five ratio.
B)eight atoms of carbon and ten atoms of hydrogen.
C)eight atoms of calcium and ten atoms of helium.
D)ten atoms of carbon and eight atoms of hydrogen.
E)any combination of atoms of carbon and hydrogen that add up to 18 total.

Question 34

A pure substance

A)always has the same elemental composition.
B)is composed of more than one element.
C)can be broken into its components by physical means.
D)is chemically inert.
E)changes color when placed in bright sunlight.

Question 35

The most common element by mass percent in the human body is

A)carbon.
B)hydrogen.
C)oxygen
D)sulfur.
E)phosphorus.

Question 36

Which element is not essential for human life?

A)C
B)H
C)P
D)Pb
E)Ca

Question 37

What element is represented by the chemical symbol K?

A)kaolin
B)phosphorus
C)potassium
D)silver
E)sodium

Question 38

Which of the following observations demonstrates that a solid sample is a compound?

A)It cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods.
B)It cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical methods.
C)Heating the substance causes it to melt,then to boil.
D)Heating the substance causes no visible color change.
E)Crushing the sample does not affect its other properties.

Question 39

Of the elements listed,the most abundant by mass percent in the earth's crust is

A)silicon.
B)aluminum.
C)hydrogen.
D)iron.
E)sodium.

Question 40

The formula for sodium carbonate, Na₂CO₃
,represents a compound composed of

A)two atoms of sodium,three atoms of carbon,and three atoms of oxygen.
B)two atoms of sodium,one atom of carbon,and three atoms of oxygen.
C)six atoms of sodium,two atoms of carbon,and six atoms of oxygen.
D)one atom of sodium and one atom of carbonate.
E)two atoms of sodium and three atoms of carbonate.

Question 41

How many meters are there in one kilometer?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 42

When the prefix centi is used in the metric system,a fundamental unit of measurement is multiplied by what factor?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 43

In scientific notation,the number 0.0046 is expressed as

A)46 ×
.
B)4.6 ×
.
C)4.6 ×
.
D)4.6 ×
.
E)46 ×
.

Question 44

The abbreviation for the metric unit used to measure mass is

A)g
B)g/cm³
C)K
D)L
E)m

Question 45

Caffeine,the active ingredient in coffee,is composed of eight atoms of carbon,ten atoms of hydrogen,and four atoms of nitrogen,and two atoms of oxygen.The chemical formula of caffeine is written

A)CHNO
B)C₈H₁₀N₄O₂
C)C₈H₁₀N₄
D)C₈H₁₂N₄O₄
E)C₈H₁₀N₄O

Question 46

When the prefix milli is used in the metric or SI system,a fundamental unit of measurement is multiplied by what factor?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 47

What is 2.1 ×
Written in decimal notation?

A)2,100,000
B)210,000
C)210
D)0.000 21
E)0.000 021

Question 48

Identify the product(s)in the following reaction:
Calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

A)calcium carbonate
B)calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
C)calcium carbonate + calcium oxide
D)carbon dioxide + calcium carbonate
E)calcium carbonate + calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

Question 49

The number 5.320 ×
In conventional notation is

A)532.0.
B)53.20.
C)5.320.
D)0.5320.
E)0.005320.

Question 50

Amphetamine,a commonly abused drug,is composed of nine atoms of carbon,13 atoms of hydrogen,and one atom of nitrogen.The chemical formula of amphetamine is written

A)C₉H₁₃N_1.
B)C₉H_13.
C)C₉H₁₃N.
D)C₁₃H₉₃N_0.
E)C₉H₁N_13.

Question 51

The amount of matter in an object is its

A)density.
B)mass.
C)specific gravity.
D)volume.
E)weight.

Question 52

The measurement most likely to describe the amount of pain reliever in a headache tablet is

A)1.5 kg.
B)500 mg.
C)1.00 mL.
D)325 mg/mL.
E)0.25 L.

Question 53

How long is 1 cm?

A)0.01 mm
B)1 mm
C)10 mm
D)100 mm
E)1000 mm

Question 54

Which of the following is an indication that a chemical reaction has taken place?

A)change in color
B)production of a gas
C)release of heat
D)formation of a solid
E)all of the above

Question 55

A student weighed a solid sample.The units for this measurement are most likely to be recorded as

A)grams.
B)grams per cubic centimeter.
C)Kelvins.
D)liters.
E)meters.

Question 56

What is 0.0970 written in scientific notation?

A)970 ×
B)97 ×
C)9.70 ×
D)97.0 ×
E)0.97 ×

Question 57

In scientific notation,the number 185,000,000 is

A)185 ×
.
B)1.85 ×
.
C)1.85 ×
.
D)185 ×
.
E)1.85 ×
.

Question 58

Consider the chemical reaction described as
Mercury(II)oxide Mercury + oxygen.
Identify the reactant(s)in this example.

A)heat
B)mercury + oxygen
C)mercury(II)oxide
D)mercury
E)oxygen

Question 59

Which value is closest to the mass of a 2-pound box of laundry detergent?

A)200 g
B)2.0 × 10^-4 cg
C)9 × 10⁹ mg
D)1 kg
E)4.5 × 10³ ng

Question 60

The formula for glucose,C₆H₁₂O₆,represents a compound composed of

A)six atoms of carbon,twelve atoms of hydrogen,and six atoms of oxygen.
B)six atoms of carbon,ten atoms of hydrogen,and four atoms of oxygen.
C)one atom of carbon,two atoms of hydrogen,and one atom of oxygen.
D)six atoms of carbon and six atoms of water.
E)six atoms of carbon and two atoms of water.

Question 61

Which choice best describes the degree of uncertainty in the measurement 4.0032 g?

A)The uncertainty cannot be determined without additional information.
B)The quantity is exact.
C)The measurement is between 4.002 and 4.004 g.
D)The measurement is between 4.0031 and 4.0033 g.
E)The measurement is between 3.99 and 4.01 g.

Question 62

What is the area of a piece of metal foil that measures 43.9 cm by 29.21 cm? Express the answer to the correct number of significant figures.

A)128
B)1280
C)1282.3
D)1282.32
E)1282.319

Question 63

Which of the following numbers contains four significant figures?

A)230,110
B)23,011.0
C)0.23010
D)0.0230100
E)0.002301

Question 64

Which choice best describes the degree of uncertainty in the measurement 16.30 g?

A)The uncertainty cannot be determined without additional information.
B)The quantity is exact.
C)±1.00 g
D)±0.10 g
E)±0.01 g

Question 65

A laboratory technician reports that the mass of a growth removed from a patient is 274.06 g.How many significant figures does this measurement contain?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)none of the above

Question 66

The metric unit used to measure volume is the

A)gram.
B)gram per cubic centimeter.
C)Kelvin.
D)liter.
E)meter.

Question 67

In an introductory laboratory exercise,a student was asked to measure the volume of soda in a partially filled can in metric units.Which value below is most likely to be correct?

A)1.0 kL
B)2.5 L
C)325 mL
D)550 μL
E)6.0 ×
NL

Question 68

Which measurement represents the largest quantity?

A)4730 ng
B)4.73 × 10^-4 g
C)4.73 × 10³ μg
D)4.73 × 10^-6 kg
E)47.3 mg

Question 69

Which of the following represents the largest unit?

A)deciliter
B)dekaliter
C)kiloliter
D)megaliter
E)milliliter

Question 70

In which of the following numbers are all of the zeros not significant?

A)3300
B)0.0450
C)45.060
D)607.80
E)5408

Question 71

The SI unit for volume is ________ and the metric unit for volume is ________.

A)cc;L
B)L;m³
C)m³;L
D)mL;cc
E)m³;cm³

Question 72

125 cL is the same as all of these except

A)125 centiliter.
B)125 cubic liter.
C)1.25 liter.
D)1250 milliliter.
E)12.5 deciliter.

Question 73

What is the total length of two pieces of tubing which measure 4.5 cm and 3.222 cm? Express the answer to the correct number of significant figures.

A)3.722 cm
B)4.722 cm
C)7.722 cm
D)7.7 cm
E)8 cm

Question 74

What is the numerical value of 1.2 × 1.222? Express your answer using the correct number of significant figures.

A)1.5
B)1.47
C)1.466
D)1.4664
E)none of the above

Question 75

Find the difference between two masses measured as 123.6 grams and 115.972 grams.Express the answer to the correct number of significant figures.

A)7.6 grams
B)7.63 grams
C)7.628 grams
D)8.0 grams
E)8 grams

Question 76

Which of the following numbers contains five significant figures?

A)0.04910
B)0.4910
C)4.9100
D)49,100
E)4,910,000

Question 77

Which value is closest to the amount of gasoline in a small car with a full tank (which contains about 13 gallons)?

A)450 mL
B)50 L
C)85 μL
D)12 kL
E)3.5 × 10² dL

Question 78

The units most likely to be used to measure the amount of alcohol to be added to a small test tube are

A)g.
B)mL.
C)cm.
D)kg.
E)L.

Question 79

Which measurement represents the smallest quantity?

A)2950 ng
B)2.95 × 10^-4 g
C)2.95 × 10³ μg
D)2.95 × 10^-6 kg
E)29.5 mg

Question 80

Which of the following measurements has three significant figures?

A)1207 g
B)4.250 g
C)0.006 g
D)0.0250 g
E)0.03750 g