Deck 29: Reproduction and Development

Question 1

Male sex hormones are collectively called the

A)prostaglandins.
B)androgens.
C)spermatogens.
D)testiculars.
E)estrogens.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The female gonads are called

A)ovaries.
B)oviducts.
C)primordial follicles.
D)uteri.
E)corpora lutea.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The female hormone __________ stimulates uterine contractions during labor.

A)FSH
B)oxytocin
C)estrogen
D)prolactin
E)progesterone

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In this form of hermaphroditism individuals start life as females and then become males later in life.

A)protandrous
B)polygynous
C)polyandrous
D)polygamous
E)protogynous

Question 5

Within which group of animals has parthenogenesis NOT been shown?

A)fish
B)reptiles
C)mammals
D)insects
E)flatworms

Question 6

Gonadotropin-releasing-hormone (GnRH)is produced in the

A)ovarian follicle.
B)corpus luteum.
C)hypothalamus.
D)pituitary.
E)uterine wall.

Question 7

The controlling center for ovulation and menstruation is the

A)pineal.
B)endometrium.
C)corpus albicans.
D)hypothalamus.
E)corpus luteum.

Question 8

The part of the uterine tube that encircles the ovary is fringed with feathery

A)oviduct.
B)vesicular follicle.
C)endometrium.
D)fimbriae.
E)myometrium.

Question 9

Which of the following does NOT occur in parthenogenesis?

A)spontaneous activation of a mature egg
B)normal egg divisions
C)haploid and/or diploid eggs
D)offspring with many characteristics of the male parent
E)none of the choices occur in parthenogenesis.

Question 10

All birds are

A)oviparous.
B)viviparous.
C)ovoviviparous.
D)protandrous.
E)protogynous.

Question 11

A hormone called inhibin is produced by the sustenacular cells of the

A)corpus spongiosum.
B)corpora cavernosa.
C)epididymis.
D)seminal vesicles.
E)seminiferous tubules.

Question 12

Organisms that reproduce parthenogenetically experience relatively

A)less reproductive success.
B)greater problems in finding a mate.
C)less genetic variation in the population.
D)less success in stable environments.
E)less effect of deleterious mutations.

Question 13

The function of the corpus luteum is to

A)release the egg.
B)produce hormones that trigger ovulation.
C)contribute to the placenta.
D)produce oxytocin and prolactin during childbirth.
E)produce hormones that help maintain the early pregnancy.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an asexual reproduction method?

A)fission
B)spawning
C)budding
D)parthenogenesis
E)fragmentation

Question 15

Females that are _________________ form eggs that hatch in the body of the female,and the young are born alive.

A)oviparous
B)viviparous
C)ovoviviparous
D)protandrous
E)protogynous

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of the epididymis?

A)sperm maturation
B)sperm storage until ejaculation
C)a passageway for sperm to the ductus deferens
D)semen production
E)maintenance of sperm at an appropriate temperature

Question 17

__________ of female mammals are modified sweat glands that secrete milk.

A)Mammary glands
B)Lactiferous glands
C)Ovulatory glands
D)Sudoriferous glands
E)Fallopian tubules

Question 18

Accessory glands of males furnish a fluid for carrying sperm; this fluid and sperm together are referred to as

A)semen.
B)urine.
C)inhibin.
D)androgen.
E)testosterone.

Question 19

The release of an ovum from the ovary is called

A)ejaculation.
B)fertilization.
C)meiosis.
D)fallopian activation.
E)ovulation.

Question 20

The acrosome of a mature human sperm contains the enzyme

A)acrosin.
B)spermatase.
C)inhibin.
D)estrogen.
E)gonadotropin.

Question 21

The __________ is the final section of the reproductive duct system of the male.

A)ductus deferens
B)ureter
C)epididymis
D)urethra
E)seminiferous tubule

Question 22

The primary site of the exchange of nutrients,gases,and waste between the pregnant female mammal and the fetus is the

A)blood islands.
B)umbilical cord.
C)yolk sac.
D)placenta.
E)amnion.

Question 23

The release of hCG from the embryo and placenta keeps the _____________ from disintegrating.

A)morula
B)corpus luteum
C)blastula
D)gastrula
E)corona radiata

Question 24

Immature eggs are called

A)primordia.
B)primary oocytes.
C)lecithals.
D)corpus lutea.
E)ova.

Question 25

Which of the following is a male accessory gland?

A)ampulla
B)epididymis
C)seminiferous
D)corpus spongiosum
E)bulbourethral

Question 26

The hormones prolactin and oxytocin

A)induce the mammary glands to secrete and eject milk.
B)cause immature oocytes and follicles to develop.
C)prevent the corpus luteum from disintegrating.
D)stimulate development of the uterine wall after menstruation.
E)control pituitary secretion.

Question 27

A high-protein fluid secreted from the mother's breast at birth is

A)lactose.
B)colostrum.
C)glycoprotein.
D)meconium.
E)luten.

Question 28

The umbilical artery carries

A)wastes from the fetus, and is oxygenated.
B)wastes from the fetus, and is deoxygenated.
C)nutrients from the mother, and is oxygenated.
D)nutrients from the mother, and is deoxygenated.
E)None of the choices are correct.

Question 29

A __________ developmental stage is a solid ball of dividing cells.

A)morula
B)embryo
C)fetus
D)blastocyst
E)zygote

Question 30

The birth process is called

A)hatching.
B)gestation.
C)ovulation.
D)menstruation.
E)parturition.

Question 31

Spontaneous activation of an unfertilized mature egg followed by normal egg divisions and subsequent embryonic development is

A)hermaphroditism.
B)multiple fission.
C)protandry.
D)parthenogenesis.
E)protogyny.

Question 32

In human females,if fertilization does not occur,

A)the primary oocyte does not divide.
B)the ovum develops parthenogenetically.
C)the corpus luteum stops secretion of estrogen and progesterone.
D)the primary oocyte is resorbed by the corpus luteum.
E)the ovum returns to the ovarian follicle.

Question 33

The most primitive mammals,the monotremes,are

A)oviparous.
B)parthenogenetic.
C)viviparous.
D)ovoviviparous.
E)protandric.

Question 34

In humans,the growing baby,from the prenatal stage from two weeks after fertilization until the end of the eighth week is the

A)morula.
B)blastocyst.
C)embryo.
D)fetus.
E)trophoblast.

Question 35

The period during which young develop inside the body of the mother is called

A)aestivation.
B)gestation.
C)estrus.
D)menarche.
E)placentation.

Question 36

The hormone __________ is typically used in a pregnancy test.

A)hCG
B)progesterone
C)LH
D)FSH
E)oxytocin

Question 37

Hormones produced by human males include all of the following EXCEPT

A)testosterone.
B)LH (also known as ICSH).
C)GnRH.
D)FSH.
E)Prolactin.

Question 38

Asexual reproduction in which a body part is lost and then regenerates into a new organism is called

A)sporulation.
B)multiple fission.
C)fragmentation.
D)budding.
E)gemmulation.

Question 39

During pregnancy the breasts enlarge in response to increasing levels of the hormone

A)prolactin.
B)FSH.
C)meconium.
D)LH.
E)colostrum.

Question 40

Females of most mammalian species come into heat or __________,at about the same time each year.

A)gestation
B)lactation
C)estrus
D)menarche
E)pregnancy

Question 41

A form of asexual reproduction in which the parent divides into two approximately equal parts is

A)fragmentation.
B)multiple fission.
C)internal budding.
D)binary fission.
E)external budding.

Question 42

Which of the following does NOT apply to the reproductive strategies in fishes and amphibians?

A)Most fishes and amphibians release eggs into the water.
B)Most fishes and amphibians release sperm into the water.
C)Gametes unite in the water by chance.
D)Very few eggs grow to maturity.
E)The majority of eggs grow to maturity.

Question 43

Which of the following does NOT apply to asexual reproduction?

A)Asexual reproduction is often favored in stable environments.
B)Asexual reproduction provides great variation in offspring.
C)Populations may increase rapidly in number through asexual reproduction.
D)Asexual reproduction is quite common in simple invertebrates.
E)Asexual reproduction allows for better caste systems in social insects.

Question 44

Development of an unfertilized egg into a new individual is called

A)oogenesis.
B)biogenesis.
C)parthenogenesis.
D)hermaphroditism.
E)bisexualism.

Question 45

An animal that has both male and female reproductive systems is said to be

A)parthenogenetic.
B)heterosexual.
C)sexually dimorphic.
D)monoecious.
E)dioecious.

Question 46

A cnidarian colony adds to individuals by

A)binary fission.
B)longitudinal fission.
C)multiple fission.
D)fragmentation.
E)budding.