Deck 5: Temperature and Heat

Question 1

Natural processes tend to increase the entropy of thermodynamic systems.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A bimetallic strip is usable in a thermometer because of its heat capacity.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A bimetallic strip is formed from two materials that have different heat capacities.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The specific heat capacity of copper is three times the specific heat capacity of lead.Equal masses of copper and lead are heated from room temperature to the temperature of boiling water.To achieve this,the amount of heat added to the copper is 3 times the amount of heat added to the lead.

Question 5

The coefficient of linear expansion of ordinary glass is three times that of Pyrex glass.An ordinary glass rod and a Pyrex glass rod of equal lengths at room temperature are dropped into boiling water.The change in length of the ordinary glass rod will be 3 times the change in length of the Pyrex glass rod.

Question 6

A thermostat can work because of a bimetallic strip.

Question 7

Celsius degrees are larger than Fahrenheit degrees.

Question 8

When you hold one end of a solid rod in a fire,the other end becomes hot because of heat convection.

Question 9

A barometer can work because of a bimetallic strip.

Question 10

One "food calorie" equals 1000 calories.

Question 11

When ice melts,its temperature increases.

Question 12

A hot pizza contains heat.

Question 13

A refrigerator is an example of a heat mover.

Question 14

You feel warm from the Sun at the beach because of heat radiation.

Question 15

You can increase the internal energy of a gas by heating it or by compressing it.

Question 16

Heat is transferred from a substance if it is exposed to something that has a lower temperature.

Question 17

A steam turbine is an example of a heat mover.

Question 18

As the air cools at night the relative humidity usually drops.

Question 19

On the Kelvin scale the temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules whose temperature is being measured.

Question 20

A wood stove in the corner of a cabin causes the entire cabin to become heated because of heat conduction.

Question 21

Water is good for putting out fires because it has a very high latent heat of vaporization.

Question 22

Air at a temperature of 32°F has a relative humidity of 60%.If the temperature of the same air increases,the relative humidity increases.

Question 23

specific heat capacity of ice = 2,000 J/kg-°C
latent heat of fusion of water = 334,000 J/kg
specific heat capacity of water = 4,000 J/kg-°C
The 1 kg block of ice melts into water.The amount of heat absorbed by the ice as it melts is 334,000 J.

Question 24

When water boils,its temperature increases.

Question 25

The dew point is the temperature at which a given humidity equals the saturation density.

Question 26

A liquid cannot be heated simultaneously by conduction,convection,and radiation.

Question 27

Evaporation is when a gas is converted into a liquid.

Question 28

When you add heat to ice,its temperature always stays constant.

Question 29

specific heat capacity of ice = 2,000 J/kg-°C
latent heat of fusion of water = 334,000 J/kg
specific heat capacity of water = 4,000 J/kg-°C
As the ice is melting,the temperature of the ice-water mixture rises by 10°C.

Question 30

At 96°F the saturation density of air is 0.04 kg/m³.If the weather report says the relative humidity is 90% when the temperature is 96°F,the humidity is 0.036 kg/m³.

Question 31

Temperature is a measure of heat.

Question 32

specific heat capacity of ice = 2,000 J/kg-°C
latent heat of fusion of water = 334,000 J/kg
specific heat capacity of water = 4,000 J/kg-°C
A 1 kg block of ice is removed from a freezer where its temperature was -10°C.The amount of heat absorbed by the ice as it warms to 0°C is 20,000 J.

Question 33

The latent heat of vaporization of water is roughly 10 times the latent heat of fusion of water.The amount of heat required to boil away 1 kg of water is 10 times the amount of heat required to melt 1 kg of ice.

Question 34

The Eiffel tower in Paris is made primarily of iron,whose coefficient of linear expansion is about 10 × 10−⁶/°C.On a cold day when the temperature is −10°C the Eiffel tower is 300 meters tall.Its height on a hot day when the temperature is 40°C is 300.15 m.

Question 35

specific heat capacity of ice = 2,000 J/kg-°C
latent heat of fusion of water = 334,000 J/kg
specific heat capacity of water = 4,000 J/kg-°C
After the 1 kg block of ice melts,the amount of heat required to raise its temperature to 10°C is 3,340,000 J.

Question 36

Internal energy can only be changed by adding heat

Question 37

In a steam engine,steam at 140°C in a turbine does work on an external system,and the steam leaves the turbine at 100°C.The efficiency of the steam engine is 5%.The relevant physical principle is the first law of thermodynamics.

Question 38

A piston compresses a gas,while at the same time heat is lost to the surroundings.The temperature of the gas rises.This is governed by the second law of thermodynamics.

Question 39

The specific heat capacity of water is about twice the specific heat capacity of ice.The amount of heat required to boil 1 kg of water is twice the amount of heat required to melt 1 kg of ice.

Question 40

You can increase the temperature of a gas by compressing it.

Question 41

A piece of chocolate melts in your mouth.This is an example of

A)heat conduction.
B)heat convection.
C)heat radiation.
D)thermal expansion.
E)none of the above.

Question 42

The temperature scale where the numerical value is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules is

A)Fahrenheit.
B)Celsius.
C)Kelvin.
D)none of the above.

Question 43

Which is larger,a calorie or a joule?

A)calorie
B)joule
C)Neither-they are the same.
D)They cannot be compared since they measure different physical quantities.

Question 44

When a substance is exposed to something that has a lower temperature,

A)work is done on it.
B)work is done by it.
C)heat is transferred from it.
D)heat is transferred to it.
E)none of the above.

Question 45

Temperature measures

A)how much heat is in a substance.
B)the internal energy of an object.
C)the average speed of atoms and molecules in a substance.
D)the average kinetic energy of atoms and molecules in a substance.

Question 46

The warmth you feel from the Sun at the beach is an example of

A)heat conduction.
B)heat convection.
C)heat radiation.
D)thermal expansion.
E)none of the above.

Question 47

A bimetallic strip is formed from two materials that have different

A)coefficients of linear expansion.
B)heat capacities.
C)calories.
D)phase transitions.
E)relative humidities.

Question 48

Which of these is stated properly?

A)"The temperature of liquid nitrogen is 77 Kelvin."
B)"The temperature of liquid nitrogen is 77 Kelvins."
C)"The temperature of liquid nitrogen is 77 degrees Kelvin."
D)"The temperature of liquid nitrogen is 77 Kelvin degrees."

Question 49

A wood stove in the corner of a cabin causes the entire cabin to become heated.This is an example of

A)heat conduction.
B)heat convection.
C)heat radiation.
D)thermal expansion.
E)none of the above.

Question 50

A device that makes use of a bimetallic strip is

A)a thermometer.
B)a thermostat.
C)a choke control in an old automobile.
D)all of the above.
E)none of the above.

Question 51

One "food calorie" equals

A)1 calorie.
B)100 calories.
C)1000 calories.
D)none of the above.

Question 52

A bimetallic strip is usable as a thermometer because of

A)heat conduction.
B)heat convection.
C)heat radiation.
D)thermal expansion.
E)none of the above.

Question 53

The amount of heat energy a refrigerator removes from the food stored inside it is ___________ the amount of electrical energy required to run the refrigerator.

A)equal to
B)greater than
C)less than
D)unrelated to

Question 54

In a gas of different types of molecules all at the same temperature,the speeds of the heavier molecules will generally be _____________ the speeds of the lighter molecules.

A)the same as
B)greater than
C)less than
D)unrelated to

Question 55

"Firewalkers" step on the hot ashes and coals from a wood fire without getting their feet burned.How might this be possible?

A)They have magical powers.
B)The ashes are poor conductors of heat.
C)They do get burned but enjoy the publicity.
D)none of the above

Question 56

A key is placed in a hot oven and warmed to 100°C.As a result

A)the hole in the key becomes smaller.
B)the key is bent into an arc.
C)the key becomes longer.
D)all of the above.

Question 57

You hold one end of a solid rod in a fire,and the other end becomes hot.This is an example of

A)heat conduction.
B)heat convection.
C)heat radiation.
D)thermal expansion.
E)none of the above.

Question 58

An example of a heat mover is

A)a refrigerator.
B)an air conditioner.
C)a heat pump.
D)all of the above.
E)none of the above.

Question 59

The lunar surface cools after the Sun sets.This is an example of

A)heat conduction.
B)heat convection.
C)heat radiation.
D)thermal expansion.
E)none of the above.

Question 60

Which are bigger-Celsius degrees or Fahrenheit degrees?

A)Fahrenheit
B)Celsius
C)Neither-they are the same size.
D)This is a nonsensical comparison.

Question 61

The specific heat capacity of copper is three times the specific heat capacity of lead.Equal masses of copper and lead are heated from room temperature to the temperature of boiling water.To achieve this,the amount of heat added to the copper is ___________ the amount of heat added to the lead.

A)1/9
B)1/3
C)equal to
D)3 times
E)9 times

Question 62

specific heat capacity of ice = 2,000 J/kg-°C
latent heat of fusion of water = 334,000 J/kg
specific heat capacity of water = 4,000 J/kg-°C
After the 1 kg block of ice melts,the amount of heat required to raise its temperature to 10 °C is

A)2,000 J.
B)4,000 J.
C)20,000 J.
D)40,000 J.
E)334,000 J.

Question 63

When droplets of condensation form on the outside of a glass of ice water,it must be that in the air right next to the glass

A)the temperature is near the dew point.
B)the humidity is near the saturation density.
C)the relative humidity is near 100%.
D)all of the above

Question 64

specific heat capacity of ice = 2,000 J/kg-°C
latent heat of fusion of water = 334,000 J/kg
specific heat capacity of water = 4,000 J/kg-°C
As the ice is melting,the temperature of the ice-water mixture rises by

A)0°C.
B)+5°C.
C)-5°C.
D)+10°C.
E)-10°C.

Question 65

specific heat capacity of ice = 2,000 J/kg-°C
latent heat of fusion of water = 334,000 J/kg
specific heat capacity of water = 4,000 J/kg-°C
The 1 kg block of ice melts into water.The amount of heat absorbed by the ice as it melts is

A)2,000 J.
B)4,000 J.
C)20,000 J.
D)40,000 J.
E)334,000 J.

Question 66

The change in size of an object due to thermal expansion depends upon

A)what the object is made of.
B)the object's original size.
C)how much the temperature changes.
D)A and C.
E)all of the above.

Question 67

Which mechanism(s)of heat transfer will work in a vacuum?

A)conduction
B)convection
C)radiation
D)none of the above

Question 68

A hot pizza contains

A)heat.
B)internal energy.
C)temperature.
D)work.
E)none of the above.

Question 69

The total kinetic and potential energies of all the atoms and molecules of a substance is its

A)heat.
B)internal energy.
C)temperature.
D)thermodynamics.
E)none of the above

Question 70

When water boils,its temperature

A)increases.
B)decreases.
C)stays constant.
D)cannot be determined.

Question 71

The coefficient of linear expansion of ordinary glass is three times that of Pyrex glass.An ordinary glass rod and a Pyrex glass rod of equal lengths at room temperature are dropped into boiling water.The change in length of the ordinary glass rod will be ___________ the change in length of the Pyrex glass rod.

A)1/9
B)1/3
C)equal to
D)3 times
E)9 times

Question 72

What's wrong with the statement "heat rises?"

A)Nothing-heat does rise.
B)One should say "energy rises."
C)One should say "heated air (or other fluid)rises."
D)none of the above

Question 73

The Eiffel tower in Paris is made primarily of iron,whose coefficient of linear expansion is about 10 × 10−⁶/°C.On a cold day when the temperature is -10°C the Eiffel tower is 300 meters tall.Its height on a hot day when the temperature is 40°C is

A)300.0015 m.
B)300.015 m.
C)300.15 m.
D)301.5 m.
E)315 m.

Question 74

The latent heat of vaporization of water is roughly 10 times the latent heat of fusion of water.The amount of heat required to boil away 1 kg of water is __________ the amount of heat required to melt 1 kg of ice.

A)one tenth
B)equal to
C)10 times
D)unrelated to

Question 75

When ice melts,its temperature

A)increases.
B)decreases.
C)stays constant.
D)cannot be determined.

Question 76

Why do bridges have expansion joints?

A)They would buckle and crack otherwise.
B)to let water run off
C)to absorb vibrations due to traffic
D)for ease in construction

Question 77

The temperature of a gas can be increased by

A)compressing it.
B)adding heat to it.
C)doing work on it.
D)all of the above.
E)none of the above.

Question 78

Natural processes tend to increase the __________ of thermodynamic systems.

A)temperature
B)internal energy
C)Carnot efficiency
D)entropy

Question 79

The specific heat capacity of water is about twice the specific heat capacity of ice.From this information,the amount of heat required to boil 1 kg of water is ________ the amount of heat required to melt 1 kg of ice.

A)1/2
B)equal to
C)2 times
D)unrelated to

Question 80

specific heat capacity of ice = 2,000 J/kg-°C
latent heat of fusion of water = 334,000 J/kg
specific heat capacity of water = 4,000 J/kg-°C
A 1 kg block of ice is removed from a freezer where its temperature was -10°C.The amount of heat absorbed by the ice as it warms to 0°C is

A)2,000 J.
B)4,000 J.
C)20,000 J.
D)40,000 J.
E)334,000 J.