Deck 5: Early Atomic Theory and Structure

Question 1

What is the relative electrical charge of a proton?

A)-1
B)+1
C)-2
D)0

Answer 1

+1

Question 2

The Law of Multiple Proportions states that

A)atoms of one element may combine in different ratios to form more than one compound.
B)atoms of one element may combine in different ratios to form the same compound.
C)atoms of two or more elements may combine in different ratios to form more than one compound.
D)atoms of two or more elements may combine in different ratios to produce the same compound.

Answer 2

atoms of two or more elements may combine in different ratios to form more than one compound.

Question 3

The Law of Definite Composition states that

A)a compound always contains one element physically combined in variable proportions by mass.
B)a compound always contains one element chemically combined in a definite proportion by mass.
C)a compound always contains two or more elements physically combined in variable proportions by mass.
D)a compound always contains two or more elements chemically combined in a definite proportion by mass.

Answer 3

a compound always contains two or more elements chemically combined in a definite proportion by mass.

Question 4

Which pair of formulas illustrates the Law of Multiple Proportions?

A)CH₃Cl and CH₃OH
B)H₂O and HOH
C)CuCl₂ and CuBr
D)H₂O and H₂O₂

Question 5

As the distance between two particles with charges that repel each other increases,the force of repulsion will

A)increase
B)decrease
C)remain the same

Question 6

How many types of electrical charge exist?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 7

Neutral atoms of a specific element may have different

A)atomic numbers.
B)number of protons.
C)number of electrons.
D)mass numbers.

Question 8

What is the relative electrical charge of a neutron?

A)-1
B)+1
C)+2
D)0

Question 9

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

A)1/1837 amu
B)½ amu
C)1 amu
D)2 amu

Question 10

What is the relative electrical charge of an electron?

A)-1
B)+1
C)-2
D)0

Question 11

Which subatomic particle(s)was not part of the Thomson model of the atom?

A)Proton
B)Neutron
C)Electron
D)Both,choices A and B

Question 12

Which is not part of Dalton's atomic model?

A)Elements are composed of minute,indivisible particles called atoms.
B)Atoms of the same element are alike in mass.
C)Atoms of the same element can be different in size.
D)Chemical compounds are composed of two or more atoms of different elements.

Question 13

As the distance between two particles with charges that attract one another increases,the force of attraction will

A)increase.
B)decrease.
C)remain the same.

Question 14

The mass of a hydrogen atom is 1.673 x 10 ^-24 g.How many hydrogen atoms are present in a 1.00g sample of hydrogen?

A)1.00 atom
B)1.67 x 10 ^-24 atoms
C)5.98 x 10 ²³ atoms
D)1.67 x 10 ²⁴ atoms

Question 15

What charge does a cation possess?

A)Positive
B)Negative
C)Neutral

Question 16

What is the relative mass of an electron?

A)1/1837 amu
B)½ amu
C)1 amu
D)2 amu

Question 17

What is the relative mass of a proton?

A)1/1837 amu
B)½ amu
C)1 amu
D)2 amu

Question 18

Particles with which electrical charges will repel one another?

A)Positive and positive
B)Positive and negative
C)Negative and negative
D)Both choices A and C

Question 19

Particles with which electric charges will attract one another?

A)Positive and positive
B)Positive and negative
C)Negative and negative
D)Both,choices A and B

Question 20

What charge does an anion possess?

A)Positive
B)Negative
C)Neutral

Question 21

What is the atomic number of an atom that contains 9 protons,9 electrons,and 10 neutrons?

A)9
B)10
C)18
D)19

Question 22

Which subatomic particle contributes least to the mass of the nucleus?

A)Proton
B)Neutron
C)Electron

Question 23

The combined number of protons and neutrons in an atom is known as its

A)atomic number.
B)mass number.
C)atomic mass.
D)molecular mass.

Question 24

An isotope of sodium has the atomic number 11 and the mass number 23.An atom of this isotope contains

A)12 electrons
B)12 protons
C)12 neutrons
D)23 electrons

Question 25

One isotope of carbon has the atomic number 6 and the mass number 14.An atom of this isotope contains

A)8 protons
B)14 neutrons
C)6 neutrons
D)6 electrons

Question 26

Naturally occurring neon exists as three isotopes.90.51% is Ne-20 with a mass of 19.99 amu,0.27% is Ne-21 with a mass of 20.99 amu,and 9.22% is Ne-22 with a mass of 21.99 amu.What is the atomic mass of neon?

A)10.00 amu
B)20.18 amu
C)20.99 amu
D)62.97 amu

Question 27

Atoms of isotopes of an element contain the same number of

A)protons.
B)neutrons.
C)alpha particles.

Question 28

The electrical charge of an atom is

A)positive.
B)negative.
C)the atom has no charge,it is neutral.

Question 29

Atoms of isotopes of an element contain different numbers of

A)protons.
B)neutrons.
C)electrons.

Question 30

In isotopic notation atomic number is represented by the subscript

A)A
B)N
C)P
D)Z

Question 31

One isotope of oxygen has the atomic number 8 and the mass number 18.An atom of this isotope contains

A)8 neutrons
B)10 electrons
C)8 protons
D)18 electrons

Question 32

Different isotopes of an element are atoms of that element which have

A)the same atomic number and the same mass number.
B)the same atomic number and different mass number.
C)different atomic number and the same mass number.
D)different atomic number and different mass number.

Question 33

Which particle contributes most to the electrical charge of the nucleus?

A)Proton
B)Neutron
C)Electron

Question 34

In isotopic notation mass number is represented by the superscript

A)A
B)N
C)P
D)Z

Question 35

Which subatomic particle contributes least to the mass of an atom?

A)Proton
B)Neutron
C)Electron

Question 36

Naturally occurring silicon exists as three isotopes.92.23% is Si-28 with a mass of 27.977 amu,4.67% is Si- 29 with a mass of 28.977 amu,and 3.10% is Si-30 with a mass of 29.974 amu.What is the atomic mass of silicon?

A)14.00 amu
B)28.09 amu
C)28.98 amu
D)86.93 amu

Question 37

Which subatomic particle is not found in the nucleus of the atom?

A)Proton
B)Neutron
C)Electron

Question 38

The mass of a copper atom is 1.045 x 10 ^-22 g.How many copper atoms are present in a 94.5g sample of copper?

A)9.04 x 10 ²³
B)1.045 x 10 ^-22
C)1870
D)94.5

Question 39

The number of protons in an atom is known as its

A)atomic Mass.
B)atomic number.
C)mass number.
D)molecular mass.

Question 40

The electrical charge of a nucleus is

A)positive.
B)negative.
C)the nucleus has no charge,it is neutral.

Question 41

Which isotope has the same number of protons,neutrons,and electrons?

A)Cl-35
B)Cl-37
C)P-31
D)S-32

Question 42

How many electrons are in a neutral atom of Ar-40?

A)18
B)22
C)40
D)58

Question 43

What is the atomic number of an atom that contains 40 protons,40 electrons,and 51neutrons?

A)11
B)40
C)51
D)91

Question 44

The number of protons and neutrons in an atom are added to find the atom's

A)atomic number.
B)ionic charge.
C)number of electrons.
D)mass number.

Question 45

The average mass of an atom of sulfur is 5.33 10 ^-23 g.How many sulfur atoms are present in a 100.0g sample of sulfur?

A)5.33 10 ^-21
B)1.88 10 ^-21
C)5.33 10 ²⁴
D)1.88 10 ²⁴

Question 46

A substance has 13 protons,14 neutrons,and 13 electrons.Which isotope is it?

A)Al-13
B)Al-14
C)Al-27
D)Al-40

Question 47

The element with atomic number 53 is

A)Iron
B)Iridium
C)Iodine
D)Indium

Question 48

What is the atomic number of sodium?

A)11
B)16
C)23
D)32

Question 49

What is the atomic number of magnesium?

A)12
B)24
C)25
D)55

Question 50

Which contains the largest number of neutrons?

A)C-12
B)P-31
C)Br-80
D)Sr-90

Question 51

The average mass of one atom of carbon is 2.00 10 ^-23 g.How many carbon atoms are present in a 40.0g sample of carbon?

A)7.96 10 ^-22
B)4.98 10 ^-25
C)2.00 10 ²⁴
D)2.06 10 ⁴

Question 52

The concept that most of the atom's mass is concentrated in a small nucleus surrounded by electrons was the contribution of

A)Dalton
B)Thomson
C)Rutherford
D)Chadwick

Question 53

Models of the atom were proposed by Rutherford,Dalton,and Thomson.Which choice places them in the correct chronological order of their appearance?

A)Rutherford,Dalton,Thomson
B)Thomson,Rutherford,Dalton
C)Dalton,Rutherford,Thomson
D)Dalton,Thomson,Rutherford

Question 54

What is the mass number of an atom that contains 30 protons,30 electrons,and 35 neutrons?

A)5
B)30
C)65
D)95

Question 55

Which isotope contains the same number of protons,neutrons,and electrons?

A)H-1
B)Na-23
C)C-12
D)Al-27

Question 56

Which contains the fewest neutrons?

A)H-2
B)H-3
C)He-4
D)He-5

Question 57

What is the number of neutrons in a neutral atom of Ar-40?

A)18
B)22
C)40
D)58

Question 58

What is the mass number of an atom that contains 23 protons,23 electrons,and 28 neutrons?

A)5
B)28
C)51
D)74

Question 59

The element with atomic number 27 is

A)Carbon
B)Copper
C)Cobalt
D)Calcium

Question 60

How many protons are in a neutral atom of Ar-40?

A)18
B)22
C)40
D)58

Question 61

Ions can be formed from atoms by losing or gaining electrons.Select the alternative that states the correct number of protons,neutrons,and electrons in .

A)29 protons,34 neutrons,31 electrons
B)29 protons,34 neutrons,27 electrons
C)27 protons,29 neutrons,29 electrons
D)29 protons,63 neutrons,29 electrons

Question 62

Based on the following information,calculate the mass of one atom of . mass of an electron = 9.110 x 10^-28 g
Mass of a proton = 1.673 x 10^-24 g
Mass of a neutron = 1.675 x 10^-24 g

A)58.69 g
B)1.474 x 10^-22 g
C)9.746 x 10^-23 g
D)1.005 x 10^-22 g

Question 63

The number of protons in an atom of boron-11 is

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7

Question 64

The number of electrons in an atom of iron-56 is

A)26
B)30
C)53
D)3

Question 65

Atom A has 5 protons and 6 neutrons;atom B has 6 protons and 5 neutrons.These atoms are

A)isotopes of the same element.
B)isomers of the same element.
C)atoms of different elements.
D)identical in physical properties.

Question 66

Ions can be formed from atoms by losing or gaining electrons.Select the alternative that states the correct number of protons,neutrons,and electrons in .

A)17 protons,18 neutrons,16 electrons
B)17 protons,18 neutrons,18 electrons
C)18 protons,17 neutrons,19 electrons
D)17 protons,36 neutrons,17 electrons

Question 67

Which of the following is not supported by Dalton's Atomic Theory?

A)atoms
B)isotopes
C)compounds
D)elements

Question 68

The atomic mass of an element is

A)the mass of the most abundant isotope of that element.
B)the weighted average of the masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of that element.
C)the arithmetic average of the masses of the isotopes of that element.
D)the ratio of the mass of one atom of an isotope of that element to the mass of hydrogen.

Question 69

Based on the following information,calculate the mass of one atom of . mass of an electron = 9.110 x 10^-28 g
Mass of a proton = 1.673 x 10^-24 g
Mass of a neutron = 1.675 x 10^-24 g

A)1.440 x 10^-22 g
B)87.62 g
C)2.077 x 10^-22 g
D)1.455 x 10^-22 g

Question 70

Which experiment led to the notion that the atom contains an extremely small,positively charged nucleus?

A)Millikan's oil drop experiment
B)Rutherford's gold foil experiment
C)Thomson's cathode ray experiment
D)Dalton's atomic experiment

Question 71

The number of electrons in an atom of phosphorous-31 is

A)9
B)15
C)16
D)22

Question 72

Let Z represent atomic number,A represent mass number,and N represent the number of neutrons in an atom.Which of the following is correct?

A)N = A + Z
B)Z = A + N
C)N = A - Z
D)A = N - Z

Question 73

Ca-40,K-39,and Sc-41 all have the same

A)atomic mass.
B)atomic number.
C)number of electrons.
D)number of neutrons.

Question 74

The Law of Definite proportions pertains to

A)compounds composed of elements.
B)mixtures composed of compounds.
C)compounds composed of mixtures.
D)mixtures composed of elements.

Question 75

Ions can be formed from atoms by losing or gaining electrons.Select the alternative that states the correct number of protons,neutrons,and electrons in .

A)13 protons,14 neutrons,and 16 electrons
B)13 protons,14 neutrons,and 10 electrons
C)10 protons,17 neutrons,13 electrons
D)13 protons,27 neutrons,10 electrons

Question 76

The name of the isotope containing one proton and two neutrons is

A)protium.
B)deuterium.
C)tritium.
D)helium.

Question 77

Isotopes of an element always have the same

A)mass number.
B)number of neutrons.
C)number of subatomic particles.
D)atomic number.

Question 78

The number of protons in an atom of sodium-23 is

A)11
B)12
C)16
D)23

Question 79

A substance has 15 protons,16 neutrons,and 15 electrons.Which isotope is it?

A)P-30
B)P-31
C)S-30
D)S-31

Question 80

The element with atomic number 53 always contains

A)53 neutrons
B)53 protons
C)26 neutrons and 27 protons
D)26 protons and 27 neutrons