Deck 22: The Lymphatic System and Immunity

Question 1

An individual in a coma who is not able to move,will most likely have a reduction in activity of the

A)respiratory pump
B)skeletal muscle pump
C)both the skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps
D)lymphocytes
E)macrophages

Answer 1

B

Question 2

By which processes do bacteria evade phagocytosis? Select all that apply.

A)prevention of adherence by a capsule
B)production of leukocidin toxins
C)inhibition of fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes
D)production of broad spectrum defensins

Answer 2

prevention of adherence by a capsule
production of leukocidin toxins
inhibition of fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes

Question 3

Which organ produces a hormone that promotes maturation of T cells?

A)Spleen
B)Lymph node
C)Red bone marrow
D)Thymus
E)Pancreas

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of these does NOT provide a physical or chemical barrier?

A)Macrophages
B)Saliva
C)Urine
D)Mucus
E)Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 5

What is the major difference between lymph and interstitial fluid?

A)Composition of electrolytes
B)White blood cells are present in lymph
C)Location
D)Types of proteins present
E)Red blood cells are present in interstitial fluid

Question 6

The level of thymic hormones

A)remains the same throughout an individual's lifetime
B)is highest just after puberty
C)is highest at maturity
D)is highest in old age
E)is highest in childhood

Question 7

Which anti-microbial substances promote cytolysis,phagocytosis and inflammation?

A)Transferrins
B)Perforins
C)Complement proteins
D)Defensins
E)Interferons

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system?

A)Drain excessive interstitial fluid
B)Transport dietary lipids
C)Carry out immune responses
D)All of these are functions of the lymphatic system
E)None of these are functions of the lymphatic system

Question 9

Describe how lymphatic capillaries are one-way only vessels.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT considered an organ of the immune system?

A)Spleen
B)Lymph node
C)Red bone marrow
D)Thymus
E)Pancreas

Question 11

Lack of resistance is also known as:

A)Pathogenic
B)Innate
C)Specific
D)Susceptibility
E)Lymphatic

Question 12

The skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps are used in the

A)Lymphatic system
B)Cardiovascular system
C)Immune system
D)Lymphatic and Immune systems only
E)Lymphatic,Immune and Cardiovascular systems

Question 13

Which of these provides a non-specific second line of defense?

A)Macrophages
B)T lymphocytes
C)B lymphocytes
D)Memory B cells
E)Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 14

Which anti-microbial substances reduce viral replication in uninfected cells?

A)Transferrins
B)Perforins
C)Complement proteins
D)Defensins
E)Interferons

Question 15

Lymphatic capillaries,because of their greater permeability than blood capillaries,can readily absorb which molecules that are NOT easily absorbed by blood capillaries? Select all that apply.

A)proteins
B)lipids
C)interstitial fluid
D)carbohydrates

Question 16

In which part of the thymus are T cells thought to die?

A)Capsule
B)Trabeculae
C)Epithelial cells
D)Thymic (Hassall's)corpuscles
E)T cells do not die in the thymus

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic and immune system?

A)Draining excess interstitial fluid
B)Maintaining water homeostasis in the body
C)Transporting dietary lipids
D)Carrying out immune responses
E)All of these are functions of the lymphatic and immune system

Question 18

What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white?

A)Proteins
B)WBC
C)RBC
D)Lipids
E)Carbohydrates

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the spleen?

A)Removes worn out blood cells
B)Circulates lymph
C)Cleanses interstitial fluid
D)Cleanses lymph
E)Traps microbes with mucus

Question 20

The left subclavian vein receives lymph from the

A)Left axillary vein
B)Lumbar trunk
C)Jugular trunk
D)Thoracic duct
E)Right lymphatic duct

Question 21

Which of the following induces the production of a specific antibody?

A)Phagocytosis
B)Antigen
C)Antibody
D)Defensin
E)Immunoglobulin

Question 22

Which chemical released by cytotoxic T cells fragments DNA?

A)Perforin
B)Tumor antigen
C)Interferons
D)Lymphotoxin
E)Toxin T

Question 23

Which class of antibodies is mainly found in sweat,tears,breast milk and GI secretions?

A)IgG
B)IgA
C)IgM
D)IgD
E)IgE

Question 24

Which class of cells includes macrophages,B cells and dendritic cells?

A)Antigen presenting cells
B)Primary lymphocytes
C)Plasma cells
D)Memory cells
E)Helper cells

Question 25

Genetic recombination generates diversity in what specific part of the immune system?

A)Antigen receptors
B)MALT
C)Hapten
D)Interleukins
E)Epitopes

Question 26

Which of the following C3 activation pathways involves antigen-antibody complexes leading to inflammation,enhancement of phagocytosis and lysis of microbes?

A)Classical pathway
B)Alternative pathway
C)Apoptosis
D)Lectin pathway
E)Opsonization

Question 27

What process does this diagram represent?

Question 28

The development of self-tolerance through B cell and T cell inactivation after antigen recognition without the second costimulation signal involves which process?

A)apoptosis
B)anergy
C)deletion
D)reactivity
E)selectivity

Question 29

To become activated,which of the following requires being bound to a foreign antigen AND simultaneous costimulation?

A)B cell
B)T cell
C)Interferon
D)MHC antigen
E)Antigen presenting cell

Question 30

Which cells display CD4 proteins and interact with MHC Class II antigens?

A)Cytotoxic T cells
B)Helper T Cells
C)Plasma cells
D)MHC antigens
E)B cells

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation?

A)Redness
B)Pain
C)Heat
D)Mucus production
E)Swelling

Question 32

In the diagram,where do pluripotent stem cell originate?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)None of these choices

Question 33

When B and T cells are fully developed and mature,they are described as being

A)Immunocompetent
B)Pluripotent
C)Endogenous
D)Exogenous
E)Immunogenic

Question 34

Which of the following stimulates an immune response ONLY when it is attached to a larger carrier molecule?

A)Epitope
B)Antigen
C)Hapten
D)MHC antigen
E)CD8

Question 35

Which complement system action makes microbes more susceptible to phagocytosis?

A)Opsonization
B)Cytolysis
C)Inflammation
D)Neutralization
E)Cascade activation

Question 36

Which of these chemicals do NOT induce vasodilation,increased permeability,and increased fluid flow to an infection site?

A)Histamines
B)Kinins
C)Perforin
D)Leukotrienes
E)Complement proteins

Question 37

Which of the following intensifies the effect of interferons and promotes the rate of repair?

A)Complement system
B)Acute inflammation
C)Fever
D)Chronic inflammation
E)Pus formation

Question 38

Together [dropdown 1] trap(s)and [dropdown 2] remove microbes and dust from the upper respiratory tract.
Dropdown 1 choices:
tonsils
interferons
phagocytes
mucus
sebum
Dropdown 2 choices:
cilia
saliva
lysozyme
lacrimal apparatus
granzymes

Question 39

In the diagram,where do T cells mature? REPLACE WITH FIGURE 22.1

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)None of these choices

Question 40

List the five actions of antibodies.

Question 41

An acute (Type I)allergic response can lead to:

A)delayed hypersensitivity
B)autoimmunity
C)anaphylactic shock
D)passive immunity
E)immunodeficiency

Question 42

What class of disorders,including AIDS and SCID,involves the destruction of B and T cells resulting in the inability of the immune system to protect the body from pathogens?

A)immunodeficiency diseases
B)allergic reactions
C)autoimmune diseases
D)histocompatibility rejections
E)inflammatory diseases

Question 43

In the diagram,which region would include B cells,plasma cells and macrophages?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)E
E)None of these choices

Question 44

Which type of immunity defends against any type of invader?

A)Nonspecific
B)Specific
C)Cell mediated
D)Antibody mediated
E)Adaptive

Question 45

The ability of an antigen to react specifically with the antibodies or cells it has provoked is called

A)Specificity
B)Immunogenicity
C)Reactivity
D)Antigen processing
E)Antigen presentation

Question 46

The structure in this figure would be classified as

A)secondary lymphatic organ
B)primary lymphatic organ
C)lymphatic nodule
D)follicular nodule
E)germinal nodule

Question 47

Lymph flowing from A to E will travel through the irregular channels with reticular fibers in what sequence?

A)B - C - D
B)B - D - C
C)C - B - D
D)D - C - B
E)D - B - C

Question 48

Which structure in the figure is a lymphatic vessel?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)J
E)G

Question 49

Which structure in the figure is the main duct for the return of a majority of lymph to the blood?

A)A
B)F
C)G
D)C
E)H

Question 50

Which class of antibodies in the blood and lymph indicates a recent invasion?

A)IgA
B)IgE
C)IgM
D)IgD
E)IgG

Question 51

Which of the following cells is part of the body's second line of defense?

A)Mucous cells
B)Dendritic cells
C)B and T Lymphocytes
D)Natural killer cells
E)None of these choices

Question 52

Describe what process is happening in the diagram.

Question 53

Which of the following is a small hormone that can stimulate or inhibit many normal cell functions?

A)Immunoglobulin
B)Kinin
C)Cytokine
D)MHC
E)Hapten

Question 54

In the diagram which vessel drains lymph from the upper right side of the body into venous blood at the right subclavianvein.

A)B
B)C
C)F
D)G
E)E

Question 55

Which of the following cells exists in the greatest variety in the immune system?

A)Natural killer cell
B)Monocyte
C)RBC
D)Lymphocyte
E)Macrophage

Question 56

Exposure to an infectious agent during your day-to-day activities leads to:

A)Naturally acquired passive immunity
B)Naturally acquired active immunity
C)Both choices a and b
C)Passively acquired active immunity
D)Both choices b and c

Question 57

The primary response will peak how long after an exposure?

A)less than 1 day
B)2-7 days
C)10-17 days
D)20-30 days
E)Over a month

Question 58

Which structure in the figure is the cisterna chyli?

A)J
B)C
C)F
D)H
E)A

Question 59

Which structure in the figure is the right lymphatic duct?

A)D
B)C
C)F
D)H
E)A

Question 60

In the diagram,which region would include B cells,follicular dendritic cells and macrophages?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)E
E)F

Question 61

What type of cell is located in area B in the figure?

A)B cells
B)dendritic cells
C)macrophages
D)T cells
E)plasma cells

Question 62

Which of the following organ systems is NOT aided by the MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue)?

A)Respiratory system
B)Digestive system
C)Muscular system
D)Urinary system
E)Reproductive system

Question 63

In the figure,B,C & D are identifying which component of the lymph node?

A)sinuses
B)stroma
C)capsule
D)parenchyma
E)valves

Question 64

Which cells of the immune system are the primary targets of the HIV virus?

A)B cells
B)helper T cells
C)cytotoxic T cells
D)antigen-presenting cells
E)all of these cells are affected by HIV

Question 65

What are the major differences between the lymph in vessel E compared to vessel A? Select all that apply.

A)presence of antibodies
B)amount of foreign substances
C)presence of activated T cells
D)direction of valves relative to node
E)amount of memory B cells

Question 66

Naturally acquired passive immunity is associated with which of the following?

A)Vaccination
B)Exposure to a microbe resulting in antibody formation
C)Receiving booster shots
D)Transfer of IgG from mother to fetus
E)Intravenous injection of antibodies

Question 67

Which type of allergic reaction is the most common type?

A)Type I (anaphylactic)reaction
B)Type II (cytotoxic)reaction
C)Type III (immune-complex)reactions
D)Type IV (cell-mediated)reactions
E)All of these types are common allergic reactions.

Question 68

Which cell must be activated in order to achieve virtually all cell mediated immune responses?

A)Cytotoxic T Cells
B)B lymphocytes
C)Helper T cells
D)Eosinophils
E)Mast cells

Question 69

Which type of adaptive immunity will result from intravenous injection of immunoglobulins?

A)naturally acquired active immunity
B)naturally acquired passive immunity
C)artificially acquired active immunity
D)artificially acquired passive immunity
E)None of these choices

Question 70

Describe the ways to acquire adaptive immunity.

Question 71

Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the immune system?

A)Increased susceptibility to infections
B)Increased susceptibility to malignancies
C)Decreased response to vaccines
D)Increased response of T cells to antigens
E)Decreased production of antibodies

Question 72

Which of the following is an INCORRECT matching of immune system cells and their functions?

A)Macrophage - process and presentation of foreign antigens to T cells
B)Dendritic cell - processes and presents antigen to T and B cells
C)B cells - process and presents antigen to helper T cells
D)Plasma cell - produces and secretes antibodies
E)All of these are correct matching of the cells and their functions

Question 73

A tonsillectomy may be recommended when the patient has suffered with which of the following symptoms for more than three months despite treatment? Select all that apply.

A)obstructed air pathways
B)difficulty swallowing
C)difficulty talking
D)change in taste

Question 74

Which cytokine released by macrophages acts on the hypothalamus to raise the body temperature during fever?

A)Interleukin-1
B)Interleukin-2
C)Interleukin-4
D)Gamma interferon
E)Perforin

Question 75

Which type of adaptive immunity will result from mother-to-baby IgA transfer via breast feeding?

A)naturally acquired active immunity
B)naturally acquired passive immunity
C)artificially acquired active immunity
D)artificially acquired passive immunity
E)None of these choices

Question 76

Which cells increase the permeability of blood vessels by releasing histamine?

A)neutrophils
B)eosinophils
C)lymphocytes
D)mast cells
E)macrophages

Question 77

As part of our second line of defense,[dropdown 1] promotes lysis and phagocytosis of microbes while [dropdown 2] protects uninfected cells from viral replication.
Dropdown 1 choices:
interferons (IFNs)
antimicrobial proteins (AMPs)
natural killer (NK)cells
phagocytes
complement system proteins
Dropdown 2 choices:
interferons (IFNs)
antimicrobial proteins (AMPs)
natural killer (NK)cells
phagocytes
complement system proteins

Question 78

Which of the following is an effect of stress on the immune system?

A)Increased activity of T lymphocytes
B)Increased activity of B lymphocytes
C)Hypersensitivity of the immune system
D)Inhibition of the immune system
E)Increased production of antibodies

Question 79

Antigens that induce an allergic reaction are called

A)lymphotoxins
B)perforins
C)granulysins
D)cytokines
E)allergens

Question 80

Plasma cells are located in which area in the figure?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)None of these choices