Deck 24: The Digestive System

Question 1

Which of following processes is the primary function of the mouth?

A)Ingestion
B)Secretion
C)Mixing and propulsion
D)Absorption
E)None of these choices

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid to soften food?

A)Teeth
B)Salivary glands
C)Liver
D)Gallbladder
E)Pharynx

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Deciduous molars are replaced by

A)Bicuspids
B)Molars
C)Incisors
D)Canines
E)Wisdom teeth

Answer 3

A

Question 4

In the mouth,the tooth sockets are lined with

A)Gingivae
B)Cementum
C)Periodontal ligament
D)Pulp
E)Root

Question 5

Which layer of the GI tract is composed of areolar connective tissue containing blood and lymph vessels?

A)Mucosa
B)Lamina propria
C)MALT
D)Muscularis
E)Epithelium

Question 6

How many stages of deglutition are there?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)8

Question 7

Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid that functions to emulsify dietary fats?

A)Teeth
B)Salivary glands
C)Liver
D)Gallbladder
E)Pharynx

Question 8

Which of the following accessory organs stores bile?

A)Teeth
B)Salivary glands
C)Liver
D)Gallbladder
E)Pharynx

Question 9

Which plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers of the muscularis?

A)ENS
B)Myenteric plexus
C)Submucosal plexus
D)Digestive plexus
E)Absorption plexus

Question 10

Which portion of the peritoneum attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm?

A)Greater omentum
B)Falciform ligament
C)Lesser omentum
D)Mesentery
E)Mesocolon

Question 11

Which of following processes is the function of the smooth muscle layer of the digestive system?

A)Ingestion
B)Secretion
C)Mixing and propulsion
D)Absorption
E)None of these choices

Question 12

Which layer of the gastrointestinal tract is composed of areolar connective tissue and epithelium?

A)Serosa
B)Submucosa
C)Muscularis
D)Mucosa
E)MALT

Question 13

Which structure is composed of prominent lymphatic nodules that function in the immune response?

A)Mucosa
B)Lamina propria
C)MALT
D)Submucosa
E)Serosa

Question 14

Which layer of the GI tract is composed of areolar connective tissue that binds the mucosa to the muscularis?

A)Submucosa
B)Lamina propria
C)Epithelium
D)Serosa
E)None of these choices

Question 15

Which of the following layers of the GI tract contains skeletal muscle?

A)Muscularis of the mouth,pharynx and upper esophagus
B)Muscularis of the stomach,small and large intestines
C)Serosa
D)Submucosa
E)Myotonic plexus

Question 16

Which portion of the peritoneum is largely responsible for carrying blood and lymph vessels to the intestines?

A)Greater omentum
B)Falciform ligament
C)Lesser omentum
D)Mesentery
E)Mesocolon

Question 17

Why do emotions such as anger or fear slow digestion?

A)Because they stimulate the parasympathetic nerves supplying the GI tract
B)Because they stimulate the somatic nerves that supply the GI tract
C)Because they stimulate the sympathetic nerves that supply the GI tract
D)They do not affect digestion
E)Because all emotions are controlled by the Vagus nerve

Question 18

The capability of the GI tract to move material along its length is called
1)Motility
2)Propulsion
3)Digestion
4)Defecation

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)4 only
E)Both 1 and 2

Question 19

Which of the following processes is the primary function of the villi of the small intestine?

A)Ingestion
B)Secretion
C)Mixing and propulsion
D)Absorption
E)None of these choices

Question 20

Which portion of the peritoneum drapes over the transverse colon and coils of the small intestine?

A)Greater omentum
B)Falciform ligament
C)Lesser omentum
D)Mesentery
E)Mesocolon

Question 21

Which major duct carries a fluid rich in bicarbonate ions?

A)Pancreatic duct
B)Hepatopancreatic duct
C)Cystic duct
D)Bile duct
E)Hepatic duct

Question 22

Which of the following is the principle bile pigment?

A)Stercobilin
B)Bilirubin
C)Biliverdin
D)Both Stercobilin and Bilirubin
E)All of these choices

Question 23

Brunner's glands

A)Secrete an acidic mucus
B)Secrete an alkaline juice
C)Secrete an alkaline mucus
D)Secrete an acidic juice
E)Secrete a pH neutral juice

Question 24

Which hormone is stimulated by high levels of amino acids and fatty acids in the small intestine?

A)Pepsin
B)Secretin
C)Gastrin
D)Cholecystokinin
E)Amylase

Question 25

How long can food stay in the fundus before being mixed with gastric juices?

A)10 minutes
B)20 minutes
C)30 minutes
D)45 minutes
E)1 hour

Question 26

What is line A pointing to?

A)Lumen
B)MALT
C)Mucosa
D)Submucosa
E)Muscularis

Question 27

Which of the following small intestine cells secretes lysozyme?

A)Goblet cells
B)Absorptive cells
C)Mucosa cells
D)Paneth cells
E)S cells

Question 28

Which cell secretes the hormone that promotes production of hydrochloric acid?

A)Neck cell
B)Chief cell
C)G cell
D)Chyme cell
E)Parietal cell

Question 29

Which of the following pancreatic enzymes digests lipids?

A)Trypsin
B)Elastase
C)Lipase
D)Pepsin
E)All of these choices

Question 30

Which of the following pancreatic enzymes acts on glycogen and starches?

A)Chymotrypsin
B)Amylase
C)Trypsin
D)Phosphatase
E)Nucleosidase

Question 31

Which structure regulates the flow of material into the colon?

A)Ileocecal sphincter
B)Pyloric sphincter
C)Appendix
D)Sigmoid colon
E)Anal canal

Question 32

Which structure of the stomach traverses several regions?

A)Cardia
B)Fundus
C)Pylorus
D)Rugae
E)Sphincter

Question 33

Which of the following enzymes acts to produce monoglycerides along with other products?

A)Lipase
B)Amylase
C)Trypsin
D)Phosphatase
E)Ligase

Question 34

Which of the following cells secretes hydrochloric acid?

A)Mucous cells
B)Parietal cells
C)Chief cells
D)Serosa cells
E)Chyme cells

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver itself?

A)Conversion of carbohydrates
B)Protein metabolism
C)Storage of bile
D)Phagocytosis
E)Storage of vitamins

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the large intestine?

A)Mechanical digestion
B)Chemical digestion
C)Absorption
D)Feces formation
E)Regulation of blood glucose

Question 37

Which digestive aid,produced by the stomach,begins digestion by denaturing proteins?

A)bicarbonate ion
B)mucus
C)bile
D)hydrochloric acid
E)water

Question 38

Which hormone functions to counteract the effect of gastric acid in the small intestine?

A)Pepsin
B)Secretin
C)Gastrin
D)Cholecystokinin
E)Amylase

Question 39

Which of the following pancreatic enzymes acts on peptide bonds?

A)Chymotrypsin
B)Amylase
C)Pepsin
D)Phosphatase
E)Nucleosidase

Question 40

Which of the following structures is found on the liver and is a remnant of the umbilical vein in a fetus?

A)Coronary ligament
B)Falciform ligament
C)Round ligament
D)Kupffer ligament
E)Bile ductules

Question 41

Which layer is composed of areolar connective tissue and epithelium?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)none of these

Question 42

Which structure has an opening called the apical foramen?

A)A
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 43

What is line F pointing to?

A)Pulp cavity
B)Cementum
C)Root canal
D)Alveolar bone
E)Gingival sulcus

Question 44

Which of the following cells secretes intrinsic factor?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 45

Which of the following cells secretes pepsinogen?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 46

Identify the protein-hydrolyzing enzymes in the digestive tract,and name their sources.Why are these enzymes released in an inactive form?

Question 47

Which the portion of the stomach connects to the duodenum?

A)A
B)E
C)D
D)B
E)F

Question 48

Which layer contains the lamina propria?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 49

Name the structure labeled G

A)Parietal cell
B)Gastric glands
C)Gastric pit
D)Chief cell
E)Simple columnar epithelium

Question 50

Which of the following cells secretes gastrin?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 51

Describe the structures and functions of the enteric nervous system.

Question 52

What is line I pointing to?

A)Greater curvature
B)Lesser curvature
C)Body
D)Fundus
E)Cardia

Question 53

What does line G point to?

A)Pylorus
B)Pyloric sphincter
C)Rugae
D)Pyloric antrum
E)Greater curvature

Question 54

Which of the following cells secretes mucus?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)E
E)A and B

Question 55

This is the area where pyloric stenosis occurs.

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)B
E)I

Question 56

Which structure consists of calcified connective tissue?

A)A
B)B
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 57

Describe the role of the liver in protein metabolism.

Question 58

Explain why food does not normally go up into your nasal cavity or down into your lungs when you swallow-even if you are standing on your head when you swallow.

Question 59

Name the structure labeled F

A)Parietal cell
B)Gastric glands
C)Gastric pit
D)Chief cell
E)Simple columnar epithelium

Question 60

Describe the structural characteristics of the small intestine that enhance its function as the major absorber of nutrients.

Question 61

The enzyme,produced in the organ labeled D,that leads to the production of only glucose as a product is called:

A)maltase
B)pancreatic lipase
C)sucrase
D)pepsin
E)nucleases

Question 62

The enzyme,produced in the organ labeled D,that leads to the production of both glucose and galactose as products is called:

A)lactase
B)pancreatic lipase
C)sucrase
D)pepsin
E)nucleases

Question 63

The enzyme,produced in the organ labeled C,that leads to the production of fatty acids and monoglycerides during digestion is called:

A)Sucrase
B)Pancreatic lipase
C)Salivary amylase
D)Trypsin
E)Elastase

Question 64

If an individual complains of bloating,gas,cramps,and diarrhea following the eating of a banana split,they are MOST LIKELY suffering from… (Choose the best answer. )

A)food poisoning
B)a bacterial infection of the intestines
C)lactose intolerance
D)excess sucrose intake
E)a gastrointestinal virus

Question 65

Which of the following is a contribution of the digestive system to the muscular system?

A)Small intestine absorbs dietary calcium and phosphorous salts.
B)The liver can convert lactic acid to glucose.
C)Small intestine absorbs vitamin D.
D)Excess dietary calories are stored as triglycerides in adipose cells.
E)The liver synthesizes most plasma proteins.

Question 66

Which of the following disorders can occur in the organ labeled B?

A)Appendicitis
B)mumps
C)pancreatitis
D)hepatitis
E)peptic ulcers

Question 67

Name the layer labeled E

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle

Question 68

Which of the following disorders involving the organ labeled E can result from viruses,drugs and chemicals such as alcohol?

A)heartburn
B)mumps
C)pancreatitis
D)hepatitis
E)vomiting

Question 69

Which enzymes are secreted in the small intestine?

A)carboxypeptidase
B)pepsin
C)sucrase
D)maltase
E)aminopeptidase

Question 70

The purpose of circular folds,villi and microvilli in the small intestine is to

A)secrete digestive enzymes
B)secrete digestive hormones
C)allow for stretching of the intestine as food passes through
D)increase surface area for absorption
E)slow down motility for better digestion

Question 71

The enzyme,produced in the organ labeled C,which digests DNA is called:

A)Deoxyribonuclease
B)Ribonuclease
C)Salivary amylase
D)Pepsin
E)Sucrase

Question 72

Which type of hepatitis is spread via fecal contamination of objects such as food,clothing,toys,and eating utensils and is characterized by loss of appetite,malaise,nausea,diarrhea,fever,and chills.

A)Hepatitis A
B)Hepatitis B
C)Hepatitis C
D)Hepatitis D
E)Hepatitis E

Question 73

Which of the following is the forerunner of the gastrointestinal tract?

A)primitive gut
B)foregut
C)midgut
D)hindgut
E)endoderm

Question 74

Which structure secretes alkaline fluid to buffer stomach acid?

A)Paneth cells
B)absorptive cells
C)Brunner's glands
D)microvilli
E)enteroendocrine cells

Question 75

Name the layer labeled A

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle

Question 76

Which permanent tooth will erupt between the ages of nine and ten?

A)first upper premolar
B)first lower premolar
C)lower canine
D)upper canine
E)second lower molar

Question 77

Name the layer labeled C

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle

Question 78

Name the layer labeled B

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle

Question 79

Name the layer labeled D

A)Submucosa
B)Serosa
C)Longitudinal muscle
D)Mucosa
E)Circular muscle

Question 80

Which of the following is NOT a change in the digestive system associated with aging?

A)Decreased secretory mechanisms
B)Decreased motility of the digestive organs
C)Loss of strength and tone of the muscular tissue
D)Changes in neurosensory feedback regarding enzyme and hormone release
E)All of these are age related changes in the digestive system.