Deck 16: Sensory, Motor and Integrative Systems

Question 1

Which type of sensory receptor responds to stimuli resulting from physical or chemical damage to tissue?

A)Photoreceptors
B)Mechanoreceptors
C)Proprioceptors
D)Nociceptors
E)Thermoreceptors

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Visceral pain results from stimulating

A)nociceptors.
B)lamellated (Pacinian)corpuscles.
C)exteroreceptors.
D)proprioceptors.
E)thermoreceptors.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following are proprioceptors found in the articular capsules of synovial joints?

A)Tendon organs
B)Gamma motor neurons
C)Muscle spindles
D)Kinesthetic receptors
E)Tactile receptors

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The postcentral gyri of the parietal lobes of the cerebral cortex

A)are considered the primary gustatory area.
B)receive body sensory information.
C)control voluntary body movements.
D)receive visual information.
E)provide the ability to move the eyeballs.

Question 5

Sensory receptors that are located in blood vessels and visceral organs and whose signals are not usually consciously perceived are the

A)Exteroreceptors
B)Interoceptors
C)Proprioceptors
D)Nociceptors
E)None of the answers selections are correct

Question 6

The main function of muscle spindles is

A)to sense tension applied to a tendon.
B)to sense referred pain.
C)to perceive cutaneous sensations.
D)to sense changes in muscle length.
E)to sense muscle fatigue.

Question 7

Which of the following type of neurons have their cell bodies in the spinal cord or brain stem and their axons terminating in neuromuscular junctions?

A)upper motor neurons
B)lower motor neurons
C)somatic sensory neurons
D)preganglionic autonomic neurons
E)postganglionic autonomic neurons

Question 8

Which of the following types of neurons have axons that extend from the brain to the lower motor neurons?

A)upper motor neurons
B)primary neurons
C)somatic sensory neurons
D)preganglionic autonomic neurons
E)postganglionic autonomic neurons

Question 9

Which of the following is a type of a rapidly adapting touch receptor?

A)Corpuscle of touch (Meissner corpuscle)
B)Type 1 cutaneous mechanoreceptor (Merkel disc)
C)Lamellated (Pacinian)corpuscle
D)Both the corpuscle of touch and the type 1 cutaneous mechanreceptor
E)All of these choices

Question 10

Which of the neurons in the diagram would most likely pick up an itch sensation?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)Both A and B
E)All of these choices

Question 11

Proprioception means awareness of

A)visual acuity.
B)body temperature.
C)color vision.
D)body position.
E)pain.

Question 12

Which of the following is a type of slowly adapting touch receptor?

A)Corpuscle of touch (Meissner corpuscle)
B)Type 1 cutaneous mechanoreceptor (Merkel disc)
C)Lamellated (Pacinian)corpuscle
D)Hair root receptor
E)Photoreceptor

Question 13

Which of the following statements about proprioception is INCORRECT?

A)Proprioceptive sensations allow us to estimate the weight of certain objects.
B)Proprioceptors are slowly adapting receptors.
C)Proprioceptors are embedded in muscles and tendons
D)Proprioceptive sensations allow us to determine position of body structures relative to each other.
E)Proprioceptive sensations are used to activate the nervous system in response to threatening situations.

Question 14

Which of the following types of neurons conduct sensory impulses from the brain stem and spinal cord to the thalamus?

A)First order neuron
B)Second order neuron
C)Third order neuron
D)Fourth order neuron
E)Higher order neuron

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an event in the process of sensation?

A)Stimulation of sensory receptors
B)Transduction of the stimulus
C)Activation of effector
D)Generation of impulses
E)Integration of sensory input.

Question 16

Which of the following types of neurons conduct impulses from the thalamus to the primary somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex?

A)First order neuron
B)Second order neuron
C)Third order neuron
D)Fourth order neuron
E)Higher order neuron

Question 17

Which of the following types of neurons conduct impulses from the peripheral somatic sensory receptors to the brain stem or spinal cord?

A)First order neuron
B)Second order neuron
C)Third order neuron
D)Fourth order neuron
E)Higher order neuron

Question 18

The process in which the frequency of nerve impulses in the first-order neuron decreases during prolonged stimulus is called

A)selectivity.
B)adaptation.
C)perception.
D)modality.
E)transduction.

Question 19

What layer of the skin contains the cold thermoreceptors?

A)Stratum lucidum
B)Dermis
C)Stratum basale
D)Stratum corneum
E)Hypodermis

Question 20

How many sensory modalities can a single sensory neuron have?

A)One
B)Dozens
C)Hundreds
D)Thousands
E)None

Question 21

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram represents a type II cutaneous mechanoreceptor that monitors the stretching of skin?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 22

Which labeled neuron conducts impulses from the thalamus to the primary somatosensory area of the cerebral cortex?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)More than one answer selection is correct.
E)None of the answer selections are correct.

Question 23

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram of the trigeminothalamic pathway is the trigeminal ganglion?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 24

You are sitting on a sunny Florida beach experiencing the sensation of warmth.Describe the anatomical structures and physiological events that allow you to perceive the warmth of the sun.

Question 25

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is a lamellated corpuscle?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 26

Synesthesia is a condition in which stimulation of one sensory modality results in perception of another.One man reportedly tastes shapes.Many synesthetic people hear colors.Based on what you know about sensation,propose a physiological mechanism that explains the phenomenon of synesthesia.

Question 27

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram of the trigeminothalamic pathway is the trigeminal nerve?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 28

Which of the following is a direct motor pathway?

A)Anterior corticospinal tract
B)Corticobulbar tract
C)Lateral corticospinal tract
D)Both Anterior corticospinal and Corticobulbar tract.
E)All of these choices

Question 29

What do colored regions on body's surface in the diagram represent?

A)Dermatomes
B)Areas of referred pain
C)Regions of nociceptors
D)Areas supplied by the primary somatosensory area
E)Motor nuclei

Question 30

Which of the following does NOT occur during sleep?

A)Sympathetic division of ANS is stimulated.
B)Decreased heart rate.
C)Decreased blood pressure.
D)Skeletal muscle tone decreases.
E)Dream during REM sleep.

Question 31

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram of the trigeminothalamic pathway is the first-order neuron?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 32

Which labeled neuron is considered to be a second-order neuron?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)More than one answer selection is correct.
E)None of the answer selections are correct.

Question 33

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram of the trigeminothalamic pathway is a second-order neuron?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 34

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram senses touch,pressure and slow vibrations?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 35

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is a cutaneous mechanoreceptor that senses pressure and fast vibrations?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 36

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is a pain receptor?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 37

Which labeled neuron conducts impulses from the peripheral somatic receptors into the brain or spinal cord?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)More than one answer selection is correct.
E)None of the answer selections are correct.

Question 38

Which of the neurons in the diagram is modified in a manner that helps enhance the sensitivity of the receptor?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)None of these choices
E)All of these choices

Question 39

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram of the trigeminothalamic pathway is the trigeminothalamic tract?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 40

The basal nuclei regulate skeletal muscle movements by

A)suppressing unwanted movements.
B)influencing muscle tone.
C)initiating and terminating movements.
D)both suppressing unwanted movements and influencing muscle tone.
E)All of these choices

Question 41

Visceral pain coming from the urinary bladder is referred to which location(s)in the diagram?

A)D
B)F
C)E
D)H
E)G

Question 42

A viral infection has damaged a patient's tectospinal tract.What signs of this damage probably helped the physicians diagnose the problem?

Question 43

Which of the following types of stimuli is sensed using encapsulated nerve endings?

A)pain
B)tickle
C)temperature
D)itch
E)vibration

Question 44

Visceral pain coming from the liver and gallbladder is referred to which location(s)in the diagram?

A)B
B)G
C)H
D)F
E)D

Question 45

Which disorder is characterized by difficulty in falling asleep and staying asleep?

A)narcolepsy
B)insomnia
C)sleep apnea
D)coma
E)amnesia

Question 46

Visceral pain coming from the heart is referred to which location(s)in the diagram?

A)C
B)G
C)B
D)H
E)A

Question 47

Visceral pain coming from the lung and diaphragm is referred to which location(s)in the diagram?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)G
E)H

Question 48

Compare short-term memory versus long-term memory with regard to specific changes that are thought to occur in the brain.

Question 49

What category of receptor cell is used to sense light?

A)photoreceptor
B)mechanoreceptor
C)thermoreceptor
D)chemoreceptor
E)osmoreceptor

Question 50

What category of receptor cell is used to sense touch,vibration and pressure?

A)photoreceptor
B)mechanoreceptor
C)thermoreceptor
D)chemoreceptor
E)osmoreceptor

Question 51

Describe the role of the reticular activating system in sleep,arousal,and consciousness.

Question 52

What category of receptor cell is used to sense changes in the osmotic pressure of body fluids?

A)photoreceptor
B)mechanoreceptor
C)thermoreceptor
D)chemoreceptor
E)osmoreceptor

Question 53

Visceral pain coming from the stomach is referred to which location(s)in the diagram?

A)B
B)G
C)H
D)F
E)E

Question 54

Visceral pain coming from the kidney is referred to which location(s)in the diagram?

A)D
B)B
C)G
D)H
E)F

Question 55

Which of the following is an example of a specialized sensory receptor cell that is known as a "separate cell"?

A)Corpuscle of touch (Meissner corpuscle)
B)photoreceptor cell in retina
C)lamellataed (Pacinian)corpuscle
D)hair root plexus
E)astrocyte

Question 56

Visceral pain coming from the ovaries is referred to which location(s)in the diagram?

A)D
B)E
C)B
D)F
E)A

Question 57

What category of receptor cell is used to sense changes in the concentration of chemicals in body fluids?

A)photoreceptor
B)mechanoreceptor
C)thermoreceptor
D)chemoreceptor
E)proprioceptor

Question 58

All of the following types of stimuli are sensed by free nerve endings EXCEPT

A)pain.
B)tickle.
C)temperature.
D)pressure.
E)itch.

Question 59

Visceral pain coming from the pancreas is referred to which location(s)in the diagram?

A)B
B)D
C)H
D)F
E)E

Question 60

What category of receptor cell is used to sense changes in temperature?

A)photoreceptor
B)mechanoreceptor
C)thermoreceptor
D)chemoreceptor
E)osmoreceptor

Question 61

The integration centers for sensations that are consciously perceived (like vision,smell,taste,and pain)are found in the

A)cerebellum.
B)basal nuclei.
C)pontine nuclei.
D)cerebral cortex.
E)thalamus.

Question 62

List the six types of sensory receptors categorized based on the type of stimulus they detect and describe the types of stimuli that each type can detect.

Question 63

Which condition is a state of unconsciousness in which a person's responses to stimuli are reduced or absent?

A)narcolepsy
B)insomnia
C)sleep apnea
D)coma
E)amnesia

Question 64

Infants spend approximately 50% of their sleeping time in

A)stage one NREM sleep.
B)stage two NREM sleep.
C)stage three NREM sleep.
D)stage four NREM sleep.
E)REM sleep.

Question 65

Which of the following stages of non-rapid eye movement (NREM)sleep is considered the deepest level of sleep?

A)Stage one
B)Stage two
C)Stage three
D)Stage four
E)None of the selections are correct.

Question 66

All of the following result from some form of malfunction by the basal nuclei EXCEPT

A)Huntington's disease.
B)Parkinson's disease.
C)Tourette's syndrome.
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
E)synesthesia.

Question 67

Which disorder is characterized by involuntary periods of sleep that occur throughout the day?

A)narcolepsy
B)insomnia
C)sleep apnea
D)coma
E)amnesia

Question 68

What are the three types of sensory receptors categorized based on their location and the origin of stimuli that activate them? What is the nature of the stimuli that cause their excitation?

Question 69

_____ is a term used to describe pain that is felt at a site remote from the place of origin.

A)Referred pain
B)Visceral pain
C)Slow pain
D)Fast pain
E)Sympathetic pain

Question 70

What is phantom limb sensation and describe why the patient experiences these sensations?

Question 71

The process of sensation begins in a _____,which can be either a primary sensory neuron or a separate cell.

A)sensory receptor cell.
B)signal transducer cell.
C)secondary sensory neuron.
D)effector cell.
E)association neuron.

Question 72

Which disorder is characterized by a person's breathing repeatedly stopping for 10 or more seconds while sleeping?

A)narcolepsy
B)insomnia
C)sleep apnea
D)coma
E)amnesia

Question 73

Which of the following regions of the brain compares the intentions of skeletal muscle movements with the actual movement performed and then sends out corrective feedback to upper motor neurons?

A)hypothalamus
B)thalamus
C)basal nuclei
D)cerebellum
E)cerebrum

Question 74

During the process of learning,the brain shows a characteristic called _____,which is the ability to change in response to intensive usage for a particular task like memorizing a page of physiology notes.

A)bradykinesia
B)hypokinesia
C)plasticity
D)amnesia
E)palsy

Question 75

Which condition is characterized by a lack of memory for events occurring after the trauma or disease that caused the condition?

A)narcolepsy
B)retrograde amnesia
C)sleep apnea
D)coma
E)anterograde amnesia