Deck 9: Market Segmentation,Targeting,and Positioning
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Deck 9: Market Segmentation,Targeting,and Positioning
1
Market segmentation refers to
A) the philosophy that to do a truly excellent job of marketing, a company should concentrate only one customer segment at a time.
B) aggregating prospective buyers into groups that have common needs but who respond differently to a marketing action.
C) aggregating prospective buyers into groups that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action.
D) disaggregating prospective buyers from groups into segments of one (individuals) and creating or designing specific products that will satisfy each individual's unique needs.
E) the belief that it is possible to satisfy every customer's needs if you can identify the correct segment within which they belong.
A) the philosophy that to do a truly excellent job of marketing, a company should concentrate only one customer segment at a time.
B) aggregating prospective buyers into groups that have common needs but who respond differently to a marketing action.
C) aggregating prospective buyers into groups that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action.
D) disaggregating prospective buyers from groups into segments of one (individuals) and creating or designing specific products that will satisfy each individual's unique needs.
E) the belief that it is possible to satisfy every customer's needs if you can identify the correct segment within which they belong.
C
2
Which of the following statements about Zappos is most accurate?
A) Zappos limits its inventory to an extensive selection of high-end fashion footwear.
B) Zappos carries more than 1,000 different brands.
C) Zappos can guarantee overnight shipping to all its customers because they know ahead of time what they will be charged for express service.
D) Zappos is so successful because it has chosen a single mission to "sell shoes and nothing else."
E) Zappos offers a 30/60/90 return policy whereby refunds are based on how long you've had the shoes.
A) Zappos limits its inventory to an extensive selection of high-end fashion footwear.
B) Zappos carries more than 1,000 different brands.
C) Zappos can guarantee overnight shipping to all its customers because they know ahead of time what they will be charged for express service.
D) Zappos is so successful because it has chosen a single mission to "sell shoes and nothing else."
E) Zappos offers a 30/60/90 return policy whereby refunds are based on how long you've had the shoes.
B
3
Market segmentation involves aggregating prospective buyers into groups that have common needs and will
A) pay attention to marketing messages.
B) respond similarly to a marketing action.
C) be responsive to marketing research.
D) use the same payment methods.
E) comply with the organization's core values.
A) pay attention to marketing messages.
B) respond similarly to a marketing action.
C) be responsive to marketing research.
D) use the same payment methods.
E) comply with the organization's core values.
B
4
Market segmentation stresses __________ and relating them to specific marketing actions.
A) grouping people randomly within a market
B) grouping people according to similar needs
C) splitting people randomly within a market
D) dividing people into the smallest groups possible
E) identifying potential new buyers who are not yet familiar with a new product
A) grouping people randomly within a market
B) grouping people according to similar needs
C) splitting people randomly within a market
D) dividing people into the smallest groups possible
E) identifying potential new buyers who are not yet familiar with a new product
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5
aggregation of prospective buyers into groups that (1)have common needs and (2)will respond similarly to a marketing action is referred to as __________.
A) market diversification
B) market differentiation
C) market segmentation
D) market augmentation
E) market repositioning
A) market diversification
B) market differentiation
C) market segmentation
D) market augmentation
E) market repositioning
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6
Zappos segmentation strategy is based on
A) offering the absolute best selection of shoes and the absolute best service.
B) designing shoes for every type of occasion.
C) dividing all their customers into two distinct segments: people shopping for low price and people shopping for style.
D) offering the best selection of shoes through multiple channels of distribution.
E) maintaining the simplest method of price points to make the purchase process as simple as possible for its customers.
A) offering the absolute best selection of shoes and the absolute best service.
B) designing shoes for every type of occasion.
C) dividing all their customers into two distinct segments: people shopping for low price and people shopping for style.
D) offering the best selection of shoes through multiple channels of distribution.
E) maintaining the simplest method of price points to make the purchase process as simple as possible for its customers.
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7
marketing,each __________ consists of people who are relatively similar to each other in terms of their consumption behavior.
A) market segment
B) demographic cluster
C) organizational buyer group
D) ultimate consumer group
E) qualified prospect group
A) market segment
B) demographic cluster
C) organizational buyer group
D) ultimate consumer group
E) qualified prospect group
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8
Hsieh,CEO of Zappos,offers $2,000 to anyone who
A) identifies a completely new market segment with a product to match it.
B) finds a way of improving service to online customers.
C) takes the customer loyalty training class and decides to quit anyway.
D) finds a shoe-related product that Zappos does not already carry.
E) creates a theme for "Weirdo Wednesday" when company meetings are held.
A) identifies a completely new market segment with a product to match it.
B) finds a way of improving service to online customers.
C) takes the customer loyalty training class and decides to quit anyway.
D) finds a shoe-related product that Zappos does not already carry.
E) creates a theme for "Weirdo Wednesday" when company meetings are held.
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9
marketing strategy that involves a firm using different marketing mix activities to help consumers perceive the product as being different and better than competing products is referred to as __________.
A) product repositioning
B) points of difference
C) market differentiation
D) product positioning
E) product differentiation
A) product repositioning
B) points of difference
C) market differentiation
D) product positioning
E) product differentiation
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10
Market segments refer to
A) the relatively heterogeneous groups of prospective buyers that result from the market segmentation process.
B) the relatively homogenous groups of prospective buyers that result from the market segmentation process.
C) the smallest number of buyers that have similar needs but do not react similarly in a buying situation.
D) all buyers of a product or service who have previously purchased a particular firm's products or services and who intend to repeat that purchase sometime in the future.
E) all potential buyers of a product or service who intend to purchase a firm's products or services but who have not yet done so.
A) the relatively heterogeneous groups of prospective buyers that result from the market segmentation process.
B) the relatively homogenous groups of prospective buyers that result from the market segmentation process.
C) the smallest number of buyers that have similar needs but do not react similarly in a buying situation.
D) all buyers of a product or service who have previously purchased a particular firm's products or services and who intend to repeat that purchase sometime in the future.
E) all potential buyers of a product or service who intend to purchase a firm's products or services but who have not yet done so.
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11
primary focus of Zappos' market segmentation strategy is to sell
A) a wide selection of shoes, clothes, accessories, and housewares to people who will buy them online.
B) a wide selection of leather shoes and boots to retailers.
C) all types of shoes, accessories, and clothing to department stores.
D) Spanish novelties and accessories to organizations.
E) shoes in its own retailer stores.
A) a wide selection of shoes, clothes, accessories, and housewares to people who will buy them online.
B) a wide selection of leather shoes and boots to retailers.
C) all types of shoes, accessories, and clothing to department stores.
D) Spanish novelties and accessories to organizations.
E) shoes in its own retailer stores.
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12
Market segmentation involves aggregating prospective buyers into groups that (1)will respond similarly to a marketing action and (2)
A) respond similarly to marketing messages.
B) have common needs.
C) have similar shopping styles.
D) will become loyal customers.
E) will become stakeholders of the organization.
A) respond similarly to marketing messages.
B) have common needs.
C) have similar shopping styles.
D) will become loyal customers.
E) will become stakeholders of the organization.
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13
company name Zappos was chosen because it
A) was the founder's family name.
B) conveyed in Spanish the type of product sold.
C) inferred how quickly you could access the product.
D) contained letters from the names of the three founders.
E) reflected the brand name of the first line of shoes they sold.
A) was the founder's family name.
B) conveyed in Spanish the type of product sold.
C) inferred how quickly you could access the product.
D) contained letters from the names of the three founders.
E) reflected the brand name of the first line of shoes they sold.
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14
Which of the following statements regarding market segmentation is most accurate?
A) Even if a firm finds only one potential market segment, it should take advantage of the opportunity, no matter what.
B) Market segmentation only works for large corporations because small businesses don't have the resources to engage in the process or implement the resulting marketing actions.
C) Governments should not attempt market segmentation because there is no need for them to do so.
D) If a business firm goes to the trouble and expense of segmenting its markets, it expects to increase its sales, profits, and return on investment.
E) Market segmentation strategies work less than 25 percent of the time. However, for the instances that it does work, the benefits more than compensate for previous failures.
A) Even if a firm finds only one potential market segment, it should take advantage of the opportunity, no matter what.
B) Market segmentation only works for large corporations because small businesses don't have the resources to engage in the process or implement the resulting marketing actions.
C) Governments should not attempt market segmentation because there is no need for them to do so.
D) If a business firm goes to the trouble and expense of segmenting its markets, it expects to increase its sales, profits, and return on investment.
E) Market segmentation strategies work less than 25 percent of the time. However, for the instances that it does work, the benefits more than compensate for previous failures.
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15
be identified as a market segment,its members must
A) represent a large share of the entire market and have buying power.
B) have common needs and respond similarly to a marketing action.
C) have different needs and have potential for future growth.
D) have different needs and respond similarly to market actions.
E) have the potential for future growth and increased profit or ROI.
A) represent a large share of the entire market and have buying power.
B) have common needs and respond similarly to a marketing action.
C) have different needs and have potential for future growth.
D) have different needs and respond similarly to market actions.
E) have the potential for future growth and increased profit or ROI.
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16
Building open and honest relationships with communication is an example of Zappos' __________.
A) profile of its target market
B) core values with its new owner-Amazon.com
C) ten core values for Zappos' employees
D) qualities required of Zappos' suppliers
E) qualities required of Zappos' retailers
A) profile of its target market
B) core values with its new owner-Amazon.com
C) ten core values for Zappos' employees
D) qualities required of Zappos' suppliers
E) qualities required of Zappos' retailers
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17
According to Toney Hsieh,CEO of Zappos,the greatest amount of time is spent
A) seeking out new and unusual styles of shoes from all over the world.
B) improving the website to make it faster, more interesting, and fun.
C) seeking out new markets that will go beyond the Internet.
D) finding the fastest and least expensive modes of delivery for its products.
E) finding ways to improve customer-service levels.
A) seeking out new and unusual styles of shoes from all over the world.
B) improving the website to make it faster, more interesting, and fun.
C) seeking out new markets that will go beyond the Internet.
D) finding the fastest and least expensive modes of delivery for its products.
E) finding ways to improve customer-service levels.
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18
relatively homogenous group of prospective buyers that results from the market segmentation process is referred to as a(n)__________.
A) market segment
B) target market
C) customer base
D) ultimate consumer
E) preferred customer
A) market segment
B) target market
C) customer base
D) ultimate consumer
E) preferred customer
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19
Aggregating prospective buyers into groups that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action is referred to as
A) consumer differentiation.
B) psychographics.
C) market segmentation.
D) market delineation.
E) aggregation marketing.
A) consumer differentiation.
B) psychographics.
C) market segmentation.
D) market delineation.
E) aggregation marketing.
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20
phrase "relatively homogeneous collections of prospective buyers" is most descriptive of
A) demographic clusters.
B) organizational buyers.
C) ultimate consumers.
D) market segments.
E) qualified prospects.
A) demographic clusters.
B) organizational buyers.
C) ultimate consumers.
D) market segments.
E) qualified prospects.
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21
business firm segments its markets when this strategy increases its sales revenue,profit,and ROI.When expenses are greater than the potential increased sales from segmentation,the firm should
A) not consider market segmentation at this time.
B) combine departments within the company to make the process more streamlined.
C) reduce production costs or increase prices to facilitate the segmentation process.
D) seek alternate channels of distribution, including Internet sales.
E) discontinue manufacturing any products that are not in the mature stage of their product life cycle.
A) not consider market segmentation at this time.
B) combine departments within the company to make the process more streamlined.
C) reduce production costs or increase prices to facilitate the segmentation process.
D) seek alternate channels of distribution, including Internet sales.
E) discontinue manufacturing any products that are not in the mature stage of their product life cycle.
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22

Figure 9-1 above,"A" represents which stage of the market segmentation process?
A) link needs to actions
B) identify market needs
C) establish a marketing protocol
D) execute marketing program actions
E) segment and select the target markets
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23
Reebok makes shoes with DMX Shear and Foam cushioning.The Premier Control shoe is made for runners whose feet tend to turn out.The Premier Road is made with extra cushioning for pavement runners.This strategy is an example of
A) mass customization.
B) customized manufacturing.
C) market segmentation.
D) single chain marketing.
E) market specific selection.
A) mass customization.
B) customized manufacturing.
C) market segmentation.
D) single chain marketing.
E) market specific selection.
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24
market-product grid refers to
A) a visual representation of all products offered within a specific product class.
B) a framework used to compare the relative market share of one firm's product offerings to those of its competitors.
C) a technique that seeks opportunities by finding the optimum balance between marketing efficiencies versus R&D-manufacturing efficiencies.
D) a framework used to relate the market segments of potential buyers to products offered or potential marketing actions by an organization.
E) a technique that helps a firm search for growth opportunities from among current and new markets as well as current and new products.
A) a visual representation of all products offered within a specific product class.
B) a framework used to compare the relative market share of one firm's product offerings to those of its competitors.
C) a technique that seeks opportunities by finding the optimum balance between marketing efficiencies versus R&D-manufacturing efficiencies.
D) a framework used to relate the market segments of potential buyers to products offered or potential marketing actions by an organization.
E) a technique that helps a firm search for growth opportunities from among current and new markets as well as current and new products.
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25
Zappos' original target market customers consisted of people who wanted all of the following EXCEPT:
A) to receive quick delivery of their merchandise.
B) to buy sustainable shoes, accessories, and clothing.
C) to shop online in the convenience of their own homes.
D) to allow for free returns of goods if dissatisfied.
E) to have a wide selection of shoes.
A) to receive quick delivery of their merchandise.
B) to buy sustainable shoes, accessories, and clothing.
C) to shop online in the convenience of their own homes.
D) to allow for free returns of goods if dissatisfied.
E) to have a wide selection of shoes.
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26
purpose of market segmentation is to respond more effectively to the wants of groups of potential buyers in order to
A) maintain market share.
B) increase sales and profits.
C) assume social responsibility.
D) use the firm's resources most efficiently.
E) provide the best quality products on the market.
A) maintain market share.
B) increase sales and profits.
C) assume social responsibility.
D) use the firm's resources most efficiently.
E) provide the best quality products on the market.
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27
Procter & Gamble introduced Crest toothpaste,the first fluoride toothpaste,it was intended for use by children and was therefore given a child-appealing bubblegum flavor.Sometime later,the same basic formula was given a fresh,minty flavor to appeal to adults.What marketing strategy did P&G use in this example?
A) product segmentation
B) market expansion
C) product differentiation
D) usage segmentation
E) psychographic segmentation
A) product segmentation
B) market expansion
C) product differentiation
D) usage segmentation
E) psychographic segmentation
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28
process of segmenting a market and selecting specific segments as targets is the link between __________ and the organization's marketing program.
A) self-regulatory industry standards
B) government regulations
C) top-level management
D) buyers' needs
E) controllable environmental factors
A) self-regulatory industry standards
B) government regulations
C) top-level management
D) buyers' needs
E) controllable environmental factors
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29
framework to relate the market segments of potential buyers to products offered or potential marketing actions by an organization is referred to as a __________.
A) payoff table
B) cross-tabulation
C) market-product grid
D) growth-share matrix
E) product differentiation table
A) payoff table
B) cross-tabulation
C) market-product grid
D) growth-share matrix
E) product differentiation table
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30

Figure 9-1 above,"B" represents which stage of the market segmentation process?
A) link needs to actions
B) identify market needs
C) establish a marketing protocol
D) execute marketing program actions
E) segment and select the target markets
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31
Alka-Seltzer was made originally as a hangover remedy that cured the headache and settled the stomach.Today you can buy Original Alka-Seltzer,Extra Strength Alka-Seltzer,Alka-Seltzer Morning Relief (for morning headaches and fatigue),and Alka-Seltzer Heartburn Relief.Each Alka-Seltzer product has a different formulation to relieve a specific malady for a specific targeted market segment.The maker of Alka-Seltzer is using
A) product segmentation.
B) market sectioning.
C) product differentiation.
D) product segmentation.
E) product base development.
A) product segmentation.
B) market sectioning.
C) product differentiation.
D) product segmentation.
E) product base development.
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32
Which strategy involves a firm's using different marketing mix activities to help consumers perceive the product as being different and better than competing products?
A) points of difference
B) market differentiation
C) product differentiation
D) market penetration
E) product positioning
A) points of difference
B) market differentiation
C) product differentiation
D) market penetration
E) product positioning
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33
Small athletic shoe manufacturers such as Vans have targeted niche markets and make shoes designed to satisfy the needs of different specific groups of customers.This strategy is an example of
A) market segmentation.
B) mass customization.
C) customized manufacturing.
D) single chain marketing.
E) market specific selection.
A) market segmentation.
B) mass customization.
C) customized manufacturing.
D) single chain marketing.
E) market specific selection.
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34
Product differentiation refers to
A) a good, service, or idea consisting of a bundle of tangible and intangible attributes that satisfies consumers' needs.
B) the unique combination of product benefits received by targeted buyers.
C) those characteristics of a product that make it superior to competitive substitutes.
D) the legal requirement that requires a specified degree of distinction between products to ensure an organization's intellectual property rights.
E) a marketing strategy that involves a firm using different marketing mix activities to help consumers perceive the product as being different and better than competing products.
A) a good, service, or idea consisting of a bundle of tangible and intangible attributes that satisfies consumers' needs.
B) the unique combination of product benefits received by targeted buyers.
C) those characteristics of a product that make it superior to competitive substitutes.
D) the legal requirement that requires a specified degree of distinction between products to ensure an organization's intellectual property rights.
E) a marketing strategy that involves a firm using different marketing mix activities to help consumers perceive the product as being different and better than competing products.
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35
process of segmenting a market and selecting specific segments as targets is the link between the various buyers' needs and
A) industry standards.
B) government regulations.
C) top-level management.
D) controllable environmental factors.
E) the organization's marketing program.
A) industry standards.
B) government regulations.
C) top-level management.
D) controllable environmental factors.
E) the organization's marketing program.
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36
business firm goes to the trouble and expense of segmenting its markets when
A) it changes its advertising campaign.
B) competitors enter the marketplace.
C) the environment becomes uncertain.
D) it expects that this will increase its sales, profit, and return on investment.
E) there is a recessionary economic environment.
A) it changes its advertising campaign.
B) competitors enter the marketplace.
C) the environment becomes uncertain.
D) it expects that this will increase its sales, profit, and return on investment.
E) there is a recessionary economic environment.
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37
market-product grid relates the market segments to the products offered or potential marketing actions.With respect to pillows,what would be the most effective way to segment the pillow market? One should segment this market by
A) the age of the sleeper: less than 18 years of age, 18 to 44 years of age, or 45 years and older.
B) the sleeper's annual income: less than $25,000, $25,000 to $49,999, or $50,000 and over.
C) the sleeper's gender: male or female.
D) whether the sleeper has sleeping problems: yes or no.
E) how the sleeper sleeps: side, back,or stomach.
A) the age of the sleeper: less than 18 years of age, 18 to 44 years of age, or 45 years and older.
B) the sleeper's annual income: less than $25,000, $25,000 to $49,999, or $50,000 and over.
C) the sleeper's gender: male or female.
D) whether the sleeper has sleeping problems: yes or no.
E) how the sleeper sleeps: side, back,or stomach.
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38
analysis of the pillow market using a market-product grid suggests that the most important segment to target is
A) side sleepers.
B) sleepers with sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea.
C) sleepers with annual incomes of $50,000 and over.
D) back sleepers.
E) stomach sleepers.
A) side sleepers.
B) sleepers with sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea.
C) sleepers with annual incomes of $50,000 and over.
D) back sleepers.
E) stomach sleepers.
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39
basic test of the usefulness of the market segmentation process is whether it leads to tangible marketing actions that can
A) increase sales and profitability.
B) stand up to legal scrutiny.
C) be socially responsible.
D) create sustainable demand.
E) create innovation.
A) increase sales and profitability.
B) stand up to legal scrutiny.
C) be socially responsible.
D) create sustainable demand.
E) create innovation.
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40

Figure 9-1 above,"C" represents which stage of the market segmentation process?
A) link needs to actions
B) identify market needs
C) establish a marketing protocol
D) execute marketing program actions
E) segment and select the target markets
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41
a firm produces only a single product or service and attempts to sell it to two or more market segments,it avoids __________,which often results in extremely high research,engineering,and manufacturing expenses.
A) the extra cost of developing and producing additional versions of the product
B) creating a customer service gap
C) indirect distribution and logistics problems
D) restructuring the firm's strategic planning
E) amortization costs of product enhancements
A) the extra cost of developing and producing additional versions of the product
B) creating a customer service gap
C) indirect distribution and logistics problems
D) restructuring the firm's strategic planning
E) amortization costs of product enhancements
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42
Which of the following is a disadvantage of employing a multiple products,multiple market segments strategy if NOT implemented well?
A) higher sales but lower profits
B) reduced quality and higher prices
C) meeting customer needs but at the expense of higher prices
D) lower prices but with higher production costs
E) higher quality but lower prices
A) higher sales but lower profits
B) reduced quality and higher prices
C) meeting customer needs but at the expense of higher prices
D) lower prices but with higher production costs
E) higher quality but lower prices
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43
Which of the following is an example of a multiple products and multiple market segments strategy?
A) College Football magazine selects different covers for essentially the same magazine in order to appeal to different geographic markets in the U.S.
B) A new movie used several different movie trailers. One set of previews showed the action scenes in order to attract one audience and the other set showed romantic scenes to attract another audience.
C) Ford manufactures SUVs for those who wish to carry lots of people and pickup trucks for those who wish to carry lots of cargo.
D) Arm and Hammer Baking Soda can be used for baking and to remove odors from refrigerators and litter boxes.
E) Johnson's Baby Oil is advertised as a skin softener for babies and as a makeup remover for women.
A) College Football magazine selects different covers for essentially the same magazine in order to appeal to different geographic markets in the U.S.
B) A new movie used several different movie trailers. One set of previews showed the action scenes in order to attract one audience and the other set showed romantic scenes to attract another audience.
C) Ford manufactures SUVs for those who wish to carry lots of people and pickup trucks for those who wish to carry lots of cargo.
D) Arm and Hammer Baking Soda can be used for baking and to remove odors from refrigerators and litter boxes.
E) Johnson's Baby Oil is advertised as a skin softener for babies and as a makeup remover for women.
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44
the United States,the Harry Potter series of books were often at the top of The New York Times fiction bestseller list.These books have been marketed to preteen,teen,and adult readers around the world.Scholastic Press,the publisher of the Harry Potter books in the U.S.,is using which of the following segmentation strategies?
A) multiple products with one segment
B) one product with one channel of distribution
C) one product with multiple market segments
D) one product with changes based on customer behavior
E) multiple products with multiple segments
A) multiple products with one segment
B) one product with one channel of distribution
C) one product with multiple market segments
D) one product with changes based on customer behavior
E) multiple products with multiple segments
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45
Custom Foot runs six retail locations.At first glance,none looks any different from your basic old-fashioned shoe store,but the only boots on hand are display models.There's no inventory for sale and customers go home empty-handed-at least initially.Customers browse the store,mixing and matching design components such as style,color,and leather type.About 100 display boots provide style guidelines.Once you choose a boot style,you select materials,colors,and textures.Custom Foot guarantees your boots will be ready within three weeks.This is an example of
A) mass customization.
B) specialty customization.
C) virtual merchandising.
D) one product and multiple market segments.
E) multiple products and multiple market segments.
A) mass customization.
B) specialty customization.
C) virtual merchandising.
D) one product and multiple market segments.
E) multiple products and multiple market segments.
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46

Sporting News Baseball Yearbook uses 16 different covers featuring a baseball star from each of its regions in the United States.Four covers are shown above.This is an example of a(n)
A) sporting interest-based segmentation.
B) segmenting organizational markets.
C) one product and multiple market segments.
D) multiple products and multiple market segments.
E) segments of one or mass customization.
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47
magazine publishes over 100 different U.S.editions with common editorial content.However,each edition is targeted at unique geographic segments with its own set of advertisements.Time is using which of the following segmentation strategies?
A) one product with multiple market segments
B) multiple products with multiple market segments
C) one product with multiple channels of distribution
D) one product with changes based on customer behavior
E) multiple products with one segment
A) one product with multiple market segments
B) multiple products with multiple market segments
C) one product with multiple channels of distribution
D) one product with changes based on customer behavior
E) multiple products with one segment
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48
Tailoring goods or services to the tastes of individual customers on a high-volume scale is referred to as
A) family branding.
B) mass customization.
C) "Tiffany/Walmart" marketing.
D) economies of scale marketing.
E) build-to-order.
A) family branding.
B) mass customization.
C) "Tiffany/Walmart" marketing.
D) economies of scale marketing.
E) build-to-order.
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49
of the following are market segmentation strategies EXCEPT:
A) build-to-order
B) multiple products, multiple market segments
C) one product, multiple market segments
D) multiple products, one segment
E) mass customization
A) build-to-order
B) multiple products, multiple market segments
C) one product, multiple market segments
D) multiple products, one segment
E) mass customization
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50
Which of the following is an example of a multiple products and multiple markets strategy?
A) College Football magazine selects different covers for essentially the same magazine in order to appeal to different geographic markets in the U.S.
B) A new movie used several different movie trailers. One set of previews showed the action scenes in order to attract one audience and the other set showed romantic scenes to attract another audience.
C) Betty Crocker carries one line of cake mixes for people with conventional ovens and another line of cake mixes for people with microwave ovens.
D) Arm and Hammer Baking Soda can be used for baking and to remove odors from refrigerators and litter boxes.
E) Johnson's Baby Oil is advertised as a skin softener for babies and as a makeup remover for women.
A) College Football magazine selects different covers for essentially the same magazine in order to appeal to different geographic markets in the U.S.
B) A new movie used several different movie trailers. One set of previews showed the action scenes in order to attract one audience and the other set showed romantic scenes to attract another audience.
C) Betty Crocker carries one line of cake mixes for people with conventional ovens and another line of cake mixes for people with microwave ovens.
D) Arm and Hammer Baking Soda can be used for baking and to remove odors from refrigerators and litter boxes.
E) Johnson's Baby Oil is advertised as a skin softener for babies and as a makeup remover for women.
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51
compared to a multiple products,multiple market segments strategy,a one product,multiple market segment strategy
A) is a much more effective means of meeting consumers' individual needs.
B) creates greater cost savings in manufacturing costs.
C) is a more effective way of meeting organizational objectives.
D) has significantly higher distribution costs.
E) is more profitable since a firm can charge the new segment higher prices without changing the product.
A) is a much more effective means of meeting consumers' individual needs.
B) creates greater cost savings in manufacturing costs.
C) is a more effective way of meeting organizational objectives.
D) has significantly higher distribution costs.
E) is more profitable since a firm can charge the new segment higher prices without changing the product.
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52
ChoiceShirts is an online company that makes made-to-order T-shirts.Its online customers can order their shirts using any downloaded photo inserted into 600 templates or even design a shirt from scratch.This is an example of
A) family branding.
B) mass customization.
C) multiple products and multiple market segments.
D) one product and multiple market segments.
E) specialty customization.
A) family branding.
B) mass customization.
C) multiple products and multiple market segments.
D) one product and multiple market segments.
E) specialty customization.
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53
Which marketing strategy does a firm use to sell a single product or service to multiple market segments?
A) developing and producing another version of the product
B) manufacturing different products that appeal to different markets
C) developing separate promotional campaigns for each market
D) acquiring another firm that has additional products that would appeal to multiple markets
E) issuing stock to fund additional research and development for new products
A) developing and producing another version of the product
B) manufacturing different products that appeal to different markets
C) developing separate promotional campaigns for each market
D) acquiring another firm that has additional products that would appeal to multiple markets
E) issuing stock to fund additional research and development for new products
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54
marketing action that can be taken to sell a single product or service to multiple market segments is to
A) develop and produce another version of the product.
B) manufacture products that appeal to different markets.
C) develop separate promotional campaigns.
D) purchase another firm that has additional products that would appeal to multiple markets.
E) issue stock to fund additional research and development for new products.
A) develop and produce another version of the product.
B) manufacture products that appeal to different markets.
C) develop separate promotional campaigns.
D) purchase another firm that has additional products that would appeal to multiple markets.
E) issue stock to fund additional research and development for new products.
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55
greatest benefit to consumers when a firm chooses a one product,multiple market segment strategy is __________.
A) improved service
B) increased number of choices
C) higher product quality and consumer value
D) lower retail prices because of lower marketing costs
E) lower retail prices because of lower production costs
A) improved service
B) increased number of choices
C) higher product quality and consumer value
D) lower retail prices because of lower marketing costs
E) lower retail prices because of lower production costs
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56
Kellogg's different cereals are each targeted at a different type of user.This is an example of multiple products aimed at multiple markets.Manufacturing these different cereals is clearly more expensive than producing one but seems worthwhile if it adds to the manufacturer's sales revenues and profits,doesn't reduce quality or increase price,and
A) conforms to all FDA guidelines.
B) uses the same promotion and packaging for all segments.
C) decreases the cost of the physical plant.
D) stabilizes the sales revenues and profits.
E) better serves customers' needs.
A) conforms to all FDA guidelines.
B) uses the same promotion and packaging for all segments.
C) decreases the cost of the physical plant.
D) stabilizes the sales revenues and profits.
E) better serves customers' needs.
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57
Kellogg's different types of cereals are each targeted at a different type of user.This is an example of multiple products aimed at multiple markets.Manufacturing these different cereals is clearly more expensive than producing one,but seems worthwhile if it adds to the manufacturer's sales revenues and profits,serves customers' needs better,and
A) conforms to all FDA guidelines.
B) creates economy of scale.
C) doesn't reduce quality or increase price.
D) decreases the cost of the physical plant.
E) stabilizes the sales revenues and profits.
A) conforms to all FDA guidelines.
B) creates economy of scale.
C) doesn't reduce quality or increase price.
D) decreases the cost of the physical plant.
E) stabilizes the sales revenues and profits.
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58
MyTwinn makes dolls that look like young girls.For $119,the firm will make a doll that looks just like a photograph.So,if you send in the money and a photo of your young niece,she could have a doll that is her twin! This is an example of
A) family branding.
B) "Tiffany" marketing.
C) multiple products and multiple market segments.
D) mass customization.
E) specialty customization.
A) family branding.
B) "Tiffany" marketing.
C) multiple products and multiple market segments.
D) mass customization.
E) specialty customization.
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59

Street & Smith publishes its Sporting News Baseball Yearbook with exactly the same stories but with 16 different covers to appeal to baseball fans in 16 different regions of the U.S.What is its market segmentation strategy?
A) psychographic segmentation
B) retail outlet segmentation
C) demographic segmentation
D) behavioral segmentation
E) geographic segmentation
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60
Kellogg's different types of cereals are each targeted at a different type of user.This is an example of multiple products aimed at multiple markets.Manufacturing these different cereals is clearly more expensive than producing one,but seems worthwhile if it serves customers' needs better,doesn't reduce quality or increase price,and
A) conforms to all FDA guidelines.
B) adds to the manufacturer's sales revenues and profits.
C) creates economy of scale.
D) decreases the cost of the physical plant.
E) stabilizes the sales revenues and profits.
A) conforms to all FDA guidelines.
B) adds to the manufacturer's sales revenues and profits.
C) creates economy of scale.
D) decreases the cost of the physical plant.
E) stabilizes the sales revenues and profits.
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61
ultimate criterion for an organization's marketing success is that __________ as a result of increased synergies.
A) costs decrease
B) market share increases
C) product deficiencies decrease
D) customers should be better off
E) production benefits from economies of efficiency
A) costs decrease
B) market share increases
C) product deficiencies decrease
D) customers should be better off
E) production benefits from economies of efficiency
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62
increased customer value achieved through performing organizational functions like marketing or manufacturing more efficiently is referred to as __________.
A) aggregation
B) organizational synergy
C) segmentation
D) amalgamation
E) valuation
A) aggregation
B) organizational synergy
C) segmentation
D) amalgamation
E) valuation
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63
can go to your nearest Hallmark card store and buy a birthday greeting card for a friend and pay $4.50.Or,you can buy a Hallmark card from its new $0.99 line of greeting cards that is not quite as nice in terms of quality materials,but just as sentimental,that are sold at Barnes and Noble bookstores.This is an example of
A) mass customization.
B) organizational synergy.
C) one product and multiple market segments.
D) price discrimination.
E) a "Tiffany/Walmart" strategy.
A) mass customization.
B) organizational synergy.
C) one product and multiple market segments.
D) price discrimination.
E) a "Tiffany/Walmart" strategy.
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64
first step in segmenting and targeting markets that link customer needs to marketing actions is to
A) group potential buyers into segments.
B) group products to be sold into categories.
C) develop a market-product grid and estimate size of the overall market.
D) select target markets.
E) take marketing actions to reach target markets.
A) group potential buyers into segments.
B) group products to be sold into categories.
C) develop a market-product grid and estimate size of the overall market.
D) select target markets.
E) take marketing actions to reach target markets.
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65
a new product or a new chain steals customers and sales from older existing ones,it is referred to as
A) cannibalization.
B) amortization.
C) product appropriation.
D) product pilfering.
E) marketing Darwinism.
A) cannibalization.
B) amortization.
C) product appropriation.
D) product pilfering.
E) marketing Darwinism.
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66
Today,marketers are increasingly emphasizing a Tiffany/Walmart strategy,which is to offer
A) a low-priced product to a high-income or high net worth segment.
B) a high-priced product to a low-income or low net worth segment.
C) different variations of the same basic offering to high-end and low-end segments.
D) a high-priced and a low-priced offering to a single market segment.
E) different offerings to high-end and low-end segments.
A) a low-priced product to a high-income or high net worth segment.
B) a high-priced product to a low-income or low net worth segment.
C) different variations of the same basic offering to high-end and low-end segments.
D) a high-priced and a low-priced offering to a single market segment.
E) different offerings to high-end and low-end segments.
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67
key question to ask before using the product differentiation and market segmentation strategies is
A) "Will our new products steal customers or sales from our older ones?"
B) "Will the products compete head-to-head with those of a competitor?"
C) "Can this action successfully draw customers away from competitors?"
D) "Are there enough similarities within the market segment to warrant such high costs?"
E) "Will this action eliminate the need for individualized advertising and promotion?"
A) "Will our new products steal customers or sales from our older ones?"
B) "Will the products compete head-to-head with those of a competitor?"
C) "Can this action successfully draw customers away from competitors?"
D) "Are there enough similarities within the market segment to warrant such high costs?"
E) "Will this action eliminate the need for individualized advertising and promotion?"
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68
second step in segmenting and targeting markets that link customer needs to marketing actions is to
A) group potential buyers into segments.
B) develop a market-product grid and estimate size of the overall market.
C) select target markets.
D) take marketing actions to reach target markets.
E) group products to be sold into categories.
A) group potential buyers into segments.
B) develop a market-product grid and estimate size of the overall market.
C) select target markets.
D) take marketing actions to reach target markets.
E) group products to be sold into categories.
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69
Organizational synergy is the increased customer value achieved through
A) performing organizational functions more efficiently.
B) more discounts or larger rebates at the point of sale.
C) involvement of the ultimate consumer in product design.
D) an increase in the knowledge of competitors.
E) shared ownership of the organization through publicly traded stock.
A) performing organizational functions more efficiently.
B) more discounts or larger rebates at the point of sale.
C) involvement of the ultimate consumer in product design.
D) an increase in the knowledge of competitors.
E) shared ownership of the organization through publicly traded stock.
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70
Cannibalization would most likely occur if
A) Dell adds high-end speaker systems to its line.
B) General Mills launches Chocolate Cheerios.
C) General Motors markets a sport coupe similar to the BMW Z4.
D) Pillsbury adds boxed sugar to its product line.
E) Procter & Gamble adds a new line of baby clothing to its product mix.
A) Dell adds high-end speaker systems to its line.
B) General Mills launches Chocolate Cheerios.
C) General Motors markets a sport coupe similar to the BMW Z4.
D) Pillsbury adds boxed sugar to its product line.
E) Procter & Gamble adds a new line of baby clothing to its product mix.
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71
Maker is an online company that sells high-end gift wrapping that can have custom slogans or names printed on it,such as the name of a person celebrating a birthday or a couple who is getting married.This made-to-order gift wrapping is priced from $24.95 to $32.95 per 12-foot roll.This is an example of
A) family branding.
B) mass customization.
C) synergistic marketing.
D) "Tiffany/Walmart" marketing.
E) specialty customization.
A) family branding.
B) mass customization.
C) synergistic marketing.
D) "Tiffany/Walmart" marketing.
E) specialty customization.
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72
purpose of the five key steps in segmenting and targeting markets that link customer needs to marketing actions is to
A) identify competitors that provide similar products that satisfy a firm's customers' needs.
B) provide guidance to reposition products.
C) generate new products ideas for firms that are not growing in market share.
D) link market needs of customers to the organization's marketing program.
E) correspond directly to each of the five environmental forces.
A) identify competitors that provide similar products that satisfy a firm's customers' needs.
B) provide guidance to reposition products.
C) generate new products ideas for firms that are not growing in market share.
D) link market needs of customers to the organization's marketing program.
E) correspond directly to each of the five environmental forces.
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73
Model E is a new type of car manufacturer that relies on the Internet to build new car designs from prototypes to marketable vehicles much faster than ever before."Think of Model E as the Dell of the auto industry.We design just a few products that consumers truly want,leveraging best-in-class components and micro-factory approaches for rapid design,launch,and direct delivery," said William Santana Li,president and CEO of Model E.Model E manufactures a car only when there is an order from a customer.Model E relies on
A) order customization.
B) a one product one market segment strategy.
C) build-to-order.
D) mass customization.
E) specialty customization.
A) order customization.
B) a one product one market segment strategy.
C) build-to-order.
D) mass customization.
E) specialty customization.
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74
Which of the following is an example of a "Tiffany/Walmart" strategy?
A) College Football magazine selects different covers for essentially the same magazine in order to appeal to different geographic markets in the U.S.
B) A new movie used several different movie trailers. One set of previews showed the action scenes in order to attract one audience and the other set showed romantic scenes to attract another audience.
C) Arm and Hammer Baking Soda can be used for baking and to remove odors from refrigerators and litter boxes.
D) Gap's Banana Republic chain sells blue jeans for $58, whereas its Old Navy stores sell a slightly different version for $22.
E) Johnson's Baby Oil is advertised as a skin softener for babies and as a makeup remover for women.
A) College Football magazine selects different covers for essentially the same magazine in order to appeal to different geographic markets in the U.S.
B) A new movie used several different movie trailers. One set of previews showed the action scenes in order to attract one audience and the other set showed romantic scenes to attract another audience.
C) Arm and Hammer Baking Soda can be used for baking and to remove odors from refrigerators and litter boxes.
D) Gap's Banana Republic chain sells blue jeans for $58, whereas its Old Navy stores sell a slightly different version for $22.
E) Johnson's Baby Oil is advertised as a skin softener for babies and as a makeup remover for women.
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75
implement a __________ strategy,nikeid.com allows customers to visit its website and design a sneaker to their own personal specifications.
A) product sampling
B) product clustering
C) mass customization
D) usage segmentation
E) psychographic segmentation
A) product sampling
B) product clustering
C) mass customization
D) usage segmentation
E) psychographic segmentation
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76
Lands' End will custom fit a Marinac jacket and make it with additional features such as thumb loops,underarm ventilation slits,and a key clip when you order from LandsEnd.com.This is an example of
A) family branding.
B) mass customization.
C) "Tiffany/Walmart" marketing.
D) market melding.
E) specialty customization.
A) family branding.
B) mass customization.
C) "Tiffany/Walmart" marketing.
D) market melding.
E) specialty customization.
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77
Manufacturing a product only when there is an order from a customer is referred to as
A) order customization.
B) a one product one market segment strategy.
C) synergistic marketing.
D) build-to-order.
E) specialty customization.
A) order customization.
B) a one product one market segment strategy.
C) synergistic marketing.
D) build-to-order.
E) specialty customization.
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78
Chip-N-Dough Cookie Company will let you select cookies and put a photo of yourself on the tin.This is an example of
A) mass customization.
B) multiple marketing.
C) target marketing.
D) product clustering.
E) repositioning.
A) mass customization.
B) multiple marketing.
C) target marketing.
D) product clustering.
E) repositioning.
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79
Walt Disney Company carefully markets two distinct Winnie-the-Poohs-such as the original line-drawn figures on fine china sold at Nordstrom and a cartoon-like Pooh on polyester bed sheets sold at Walmart.This is an example of
A) mass customization.
B) one product and multiple market segments.
C) price discrimination.
D) a "Tiffany/Walmart" strategy.
E) psychographic market segmentation.
A) mass customization.
B) one product and multiple market segments.
C) price discrimination.
D) a "Tiffany/Walmart" strategy.
E) psychographic market segmentation.
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80
Ann Taylor,a well-known retailer of sophisticated women's clothing,started losing sales to its own LOFT outlets that feature moderately priced casual clothes,Ann Taylor was dealing with the marketing phenomenon of __________.
A) amortization
B) product appropriation
C) profit pilferage
D) marketing Darwinism
E) cannibalization
A) amortization
B) product appropriation
C) profit pilferage
D) marketing Darwinism
E) cannibalization
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