Deck 3: Electronic Structure and the Periodic Law

Question 1

The total number of unpaired electrons in silicon,Si,is _____ .

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3

Answer 1

2

Question 2

Which of the following elements has the electronic configuration shown here?
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹

A) F
B) Al
C) Mg
D) Ga

Answer 2

Al

Question 3

Suppose an electron moved from the second shell to the third shell.

A) The move required an input of energy.
B) The move gave off energy.
C) Electrons can move spontaneously from shell to shell.
D) Electrons can't move from shell to shell,but can move into the nucleus.

Answer 3

The move required an input of energy.

Question 4

If the formula for sulfuric acid is H₂SO₄,what would be the expected formula for the compound between hydrogen and tellurium,Te?

A) H₂TeO₄
B) HTe
C) HTe₂
D) H₂Te

Question 5

What is the symbol of the element that is in Period 4,and Group IIA(2)of the periodic table?

A) Zn
B) Ca
C) C
D) Ti

Question 6

How many electrons are in the outer shell of element 15?

A) 5
B) 3
C) 15
D) 2

Question 7

Which of the following has the same number of outer shell electrons as sulfur,S?

A) C
B) O
C) N
D) F

Question 8

Which of the following subshells has the higher energy?

A) 4s
B) 4p
C) 4d
D) 4f

Question 9

Which of the following statements applies to p subshells?

A) The p subshell can contain a maximum of 14 electrons.
B) The p subshell is subdivided into three perpendicular shapes.
C) The p subshell fills with 2 electrons in p_x,then 2 in p_y then 2 in p_z.
D) All of these statements are correct with reference to p subshells.

Question 10

What is the shell number for the outer shell electrons in bromine,Br?

A) 4
B) 3
C) 5
D) 6

Question 11

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third shell?

A) 2
B) 10
C) 18
D) 32

Question 12

Which of the following contains the same total number of unpaired electrons as potassium (K)?

A) Sc
B) Cl
C) Mg
D) more than one response is correct

Question 13

Which of the following elements should have properties similar to those of nitrogen (element 7)?

A) C
B) Si
C) P
D) O

Question 14

Which of the following elements is found in the same period of the periodic table as tin?

A) silicone
B) arsenic
C) tellurium
D) technetium

Question 15

Which of the following will not have electrons in the 3rd orbital?

A) K
B) Mg
C) Na⁺
D) Ag⁺

Question 16

Which element is the first one in the group IVA(14)of the periodic table?

A) C
B) Na
C) Sc
D) Ti

Question 17

The maximum number of electrons that can occupy a 3d subshell is _____ .

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 10

Question 18

The maximum number of electrons that can occupy a 4p orbital is _____ .

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 10

Question 19

The total number of f orbitals in an f subshell is _____ .

A) 2
B) 5
C) 7
D) 10

Question 20

Silver,Ag,belongs to what period of the periodic table?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 5
D) 12

Question 21

Which of the following elements is most likely to be a metalloid?

A) Ge
B) Mo
C) S
D) Cs

Question 22

Which element is represented by the distinguishing electron configuration 5d ⁹?

A) Pd
B) Ag
C) Pt
D) Au

Question 23

Which of the following elements contains a total of 10 "s" electrons?

A) Sr
B) Sb
C) Cs
D) more than one response is correct

Question 24

One mole of an element would weigh the same as a mole of an isotope of the same element.

A) Mg
B) Be
C) Al
D) B

Question 25

The electronic configuration of element 17 ends with _____ .

A) 2p ³
B) 3p ⁵
C) 2p ⁵
D) 3p ³

Question 26

The radius of a K atom is ____ a Ca atom.

A) smaller than
B) larger than
C) equal to
D) inverted from

Question 27

Which element has the distinguishing electron,5p⁴?

A) Br
B) Mn
C) Te
D) Kr

Question 28

Metalloids can express the characteristics of both metals and nonmetals.Which of the elements below is more likely to have the characteristics of a metal than a nonmetal?

A) As
B) Se
C) Si
D) Sb

Question 29

The melting point of oxygen is ____ selenium,Se.

A) lower than
B) higher than
C) equal to
D) inverted from

Question 30

What type of electron is the distinguishing electron in S?

A) s
B) p
C) d
D) f

Question 31

Which of the following elements is a nonmetal?

A) Ni
B) Cu
C) Ba
D) I

Question 32

In which of the following elements does the distinguishing electron occupy a d subshell?

A) Cr
B) O
C) Kr
D) Sr

Question 33

Which of the following is a noble gas?

A) gold
B) platinum
C) neon
D) chlorine

Question 34

Which of the following elements is classified as a representative metal?

A) element 30
B) element 26
C) element 38
D) element 63

Question 35

Which of the following distinguishing electrons represents an element with properties similar to an element with a 3p ³ distinguishing electron?

A) 4p ³
B) 3p ²
C) 3d ³
D) 2p ²

Question 36

Which of the following statements conforms to the trends within the Periodic Table of the Elements?

A) Elements become more likely to be gases at the bottom of a group.
B) Elements become more likely to be a solid at the bottom of a group.
C) Elements become more likely to be darkly colored at the bottom of a group.
D) Elements become more likely to be more brittle at the bottom of a group.

Question 37

Which of the following pairs have the same number of electrons in the outermost shell?

A) K and Ca
B) S⁴⁺ and Al³⁺
C) Na⁺ and Ne
D) Ne and He

Question 38

Which one of these elements is a gas at room temperature?

A) antimony
B) phosphorus
C) nitrogen
D) arsenic

Question 39

Which of the following elements is classified as a transition element?

A) element 76
B) element 60
C) element 56
D) element 17

Question 40

Which element is used for relieving the symptoms of a cold?

A) Au
B) K
C) Zn
D) Fe

Question 41

For which of the listed elements (E)would the energy required for the following reaction be the least? E(g) $\rarr$ E⁺(g)+ e^-

A) Ga
B) Na
C) Ca
D) K

Question 42

Choose the correct electronic configuration for the element As.

A) [Ar] 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p³
B) 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p³
C) [Ar] 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p³
D) 4s² 4d¹⁰ 4p³

Question 43

The family name for group VIIIA(18)of the periodic table is

A) transition metals.
B) noble gases.
C) representative elements.
D) There is no family name

Question 44

The element chlorine is found in the same group of the periodic table as _____ .

A) I
B) F
C) Br
D) all of these

Question 45

Which of the following is a representation of a p orbital?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 46

Which of the following is the correct designation for an electron occupying the orbital shown below?

A) 2p
B) 3s
C) 3d
D) 4f

Question 47

Which of the following correctly arranges the given subshells in order of increasing energy (lowest to highest)?

A) 2s < 3d < 4s
B) 4s < 3p < 3s
C) 2s < 3d < 4p
D) 4p < 4f < 5s

Question 48

Which of the following metals (M)would produce the fastest reaction with ethyl alcohol (C²H₅OH)as shown? 2M + 2C₂H₅OH $\rarr$ 2C₂H₅OM + H₂

A) K
B) Li
C) Sr
D) Al

Question 49

____ explains why orbitals can contain a maximum of two electrons.

A) Hund's rule
B) Pauli exclusion principle
C) Periodic law
D) None of these

Question 50

The highest-energy shell of an element that contains electrons is know as the _____ .

A) subshell
B) atomic orbital
C) valence shell
D) none of these

Question 51

Which pair of the following represents the same electron configuration?

A) [Ne] 3s² and 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
B) [He] 3s² and 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
C) [Ar]3s² and 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²
D) All represent the same configuration.

Question 52

Which element has the largest atomic radii?

A) I
B) F
C) Li
D) Cs

Question 53

Unlike the original attempt by Mendeleev,the modern periodic table arranges elements based on what elemental feature?

A) mass number
B) atomic number
C) isotope composition
D) relative size

Question 54

What is the basis for placing groups of elements into a family on the periodic table?

A) similar atomic mass numbers
B) identical chemical and physical properties
C) similar colors,shapes and uses
D) similar valence electron configurations

Question 55

Which of the following is the correct valence electron configuration of phosphorus?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 56

What rule,principle or law is used to explain that an electrons will not share the same orbital if there is an empty orbital of the same energy available?

A) Aufbau principle
B) Hund's rule
C) Pauli principle
D) Avogadro's law

Question 57

Which of the following is a reasonable explanation as to why atomic radii become smaller as one moves to the right for the representative elements in a period?

A) The charge of the nucleus increases,pulling the shells closer.
B) More densely packed shells are always smaller.
C) Elements become less metallic.
D) Atomic radii actually increase as you move to the right.

Question 58

____ states that,electrons will not join other electrons in an orbital if an empty orbital of the same energy is available.

A) Hund's rule
B) Pauli exclusion principle
C) Periodic law
D) None of these

Question 59

Which of the following is considered a transition element?

A) tungsten
B) holmium
C) radon
D) cesium

Question 60

Which of the following violates the Pauli exclusion principle?

A)

B)

C)

D) All of them

Question 61

Sodium,Na,and potassium,K,are in the same period.

Question 62

The distinguishing electron for most non-metals is an s electron.

Question 63

A bromine atom has a larger radius than a chlorine atom.

Question 64

All non-metals are representative elements.

Question 65

The radius of a magnesium atom is larger than the radius of a sodium atom.

Question 66

The fourth shell contains four subshells.

Question 67

Tin (Sn)is a representative element.

Question 68

Hydrogen is a noble gas.

Question 69

Argon completes the fourth period of the periodic table.

Question 70

A 3d orbital can hold 6 electrons.

Question 71

The magnesium atom loses an electron easier than a calcium atom.

Question 72

The distinguishing electron in antimony,Sb,is found in a 5p subshell.

Question 73

All of the transition elements are metals.

Question 74

The electron configuration for each shell starts with an s subshell.

Question 75

Calcium citrate,Ca₃(C₆H₅O₇)₂,is commonly used in the production of dietary calcium supplements.How many representative elements are found in calcium citrate?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 76

An anion is smaller than the atom from which it is produced.

Question 77

The second shell has a maximum capacity of 6 electrons.

Question 78

Element number 92,uranium,U,is a metal.

Question 79

Tin (Sn),which is found in Group IVA,has four electrons in the outside shell.

Question 80

The fifth period begins with Rb.