Deck 14: Aldehydes and Ketones

Question 1

Which of the following is the structure for acetone?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Answer 1

Question 2

What structural characteristic is shared by the aldehydes and the ketones?

A) They both are straight chain compounds.
B) Both of these compound classes have as the smallest compound a 5 carbon skeleton.
C) Aldehydes and ketones both contain a carbonyl carbon.
D) Aldehydes and ketones have no shared characteristics.

Answer 2

Aldehydes and ketones both contain a carbonyl carbon.

Question 3

Which of the following pure compounds can exhibit hydrogen bonding with itself?

A)

B)

C)

D) none of these

Answer 3

none of these

Question 4

Which of the following will react with Tollens' reagent?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 5

Which of the following compounds can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules?

A)

B)

C)

D) all of them

Question 6

The name 4,5-dichlorocyclohexanone should be

A) 1,2-dichlorocyclohexanone.
B) 2,3-dichlorocyclohexanone.
C) 3,4-dichlorocyclohexanone.
D) 4,5-dichlorocyclohexanone.

Question 7

Which of the following is a requirement of Tollens' reagent?

A) The reaction must be run in a flask.
B) The glassware should be grease-free.
C) An air source must be present to dry the results before interpretation.
D) The reaction must be run at the boiling point of the substance being tested.

Question 8

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

A) 3-bromobutanal
B) 2-bromobutanal
C) 3-bromobutanone
D) 2-bromobutanone

Question 9

What is the group that distinguishes aldehydes from most other classes of compounds?

A) carboxyl
B) carbonyl
C) hydroxy
D) amide

Question 10

What is the IUPAC name for compound shown below?

A) methylbutanone
B) 2-methylcyclobutanone
C) 1-methylcyclobutanal
D) 1-methylcyclobutanone

Question 11

Which is a test for the presence of an aldehyde?

A) Silver's reagent
B) boiling point determination
C) Benedict's reagent
D) a color change at boiling point

Question 12

What is the reason for norethynodrel's ability to function as a contraceptive?

A) It is a ketone that is required to neutralize ovum production.
B) It is capable of mimicking progesterone establishing a false pregnancy.
C) It replaces estrogen and displaces the normal hormonal control.
D) It bonds to estrogen to reduce the estrogen levels.

Question 13

What are the risks of constant sunbathing?

A) skin cancer
B) premature aging of the skin
C) thickening of the skin
D) more than one response is correct

Question 14

In the IUPAC nomenclature system,the name of which of the following would end in "-al"?

A) an alcohol
B) an aldehyde
C) an alkane
D) a phenol

Question 15

Which of the following products is formed when hydrogen is reacted with 3-methyl-2-butanone?

A) primary alcohol
B) secondary alcohol
C) tertiary alcohol
D) acetal

Question 16

What is the IUPAC name for the compound shown below?

A) 2-methyl-2-pentanone
B) 2-methyl-4-pentanone
C) 4-methyl-2-pentanone
D) 2-methol-4-pentanol

Question 17

Assuming that molecular weights are comparable,which of the following compounds would you expect to be the highest boiling?

A) aldehyde
B) alkene
C) alcohol
D) ketone

Question 18

A positive Benedict's test is indicated by the formation of which of the following?

A) Cu₂O
B) Cu
C) Cu²⁺
D) metallic mirror

Question 19

To what characteristic(s)do aldehydes and ketones owe their ability to form hydrogen bonds?

A) oxygen is always polar
B) single bound oxygen
C) having a doubly bonded oxygen
D) all of the responses are correct

Question 20

What is the consequence of the ability of aldehydes and ketones to form hydrogen bonds?

A) They are both highly colored when in the solid state.
B) They both have boiling points less than the comparable weight alcohol.
C) They prefer to hydrogen bond molecules of the same formula and will not dissolve well in water.
D) There is more than one correct response.

Question 21

Which of the following compounds upon hydrolysis would yield CH₃CH₂OH and CH₃CH₂CHO?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 22

Hemiacetals are

A) partial acetals that can be converted by a reduction reaction.
B) unstable compounds that convert to acetals in the presence of an alcohol and an acid.
C) semiacetals produced by alcohol subtraction from a ketone.
D) There is more than one correct response.

Question 23

Overdose of ____ during pregnancy has proven to cause birth defects.

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B₆
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D

Question 24

Which of the following is a water soluble,organic solvent?

A) vanilloids
B) hemiacetals
C) acetone
D) diethyl ether

Question 25

Which of the following is an acetal?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 26

What is the result of a hydrolysis reaction?

A) getting the chemicals involved wet
B) causing an oxidation-reduction reaction resulting in hydration
C) splitting of the molecule into the component substances
D) one that results in the formation water

Question 27

Which of the following would you expect to be the most flammable?

A) vanillin
B) benzaldehyde
C) camphor
D) acetone

Question 28

Which of the following is used as a component of the preservative formalin?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 29

Which reaction requires platinum as a catalyst?

A) oxidation of an aldehyde or ketone
B) reduction of an aldehyde or ketone
C) reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with an alcohol
D) All of the responses are reactions that are catalyzed by platinum.

Question 30

What is the flavoring for margarine?

A) biacetyl
B) acetone
C) menthone
D) citral

Question 31

Which of the following is an aldehyde flavoring agent?

A) biacetyl
B) menthol
C) vanillin
D) camphor

Question 32

What is the major difference between a cyclic hemiacetal and a cyclic acetal?

A) The cyclic hemiacetal is an alcohol,whereas the cyclic acetal is an ether.
B) The cyclic hemiacetal is an acid,and the cyclic acetal is a base.
C) The cyclic hemiacetal contains more carbons in the ring than the cyclic acetal.
D) All of the responses are correct.

Question 33

What starting material is necessary to complete the reaction below?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 34

____ is the active ingredient in Heet® and Methacin®,and Pain Doctor®,which are pain relieving creams that are over the counter preparation.

A) aspirin
B) resiniferatoxin
C) capsaicin
D) RTX

Question 35

Which of the following is,in an injectable form,used for contraception?

A) norethynodrel
B) estrogen
C) progestin
D) testosterone

Question 36

To what class of compounds does glucose belong?

A) cyclic ketone
B) cyclic aldehyde
C) cyclic hemiacetal
D) carboxylic acid

Question 37

Which of the following is an important organic solvent?

A) menthone
B) acetone
C) citral
D) phenol

Question 38

Hemiacetals are

A) produced on the oxidation of a carboxylic acid.
B) result of the reaction between an aldehyde and a ketone.
C) are produced when an ether reacts with a ketone.
D) the unstable product of the oxidation of an aldehyde.

Question 39

Predict the resultant compound class when an aldehyde is hydrogenated.

A) hemiketal
B) alcohol
C) carboxylic acid
D) no reaction

Question 40

Which of the following is most toxic?

A) formaldehyde
B) benzaldehyde
C) acetone
D) camphor

Question 41

Formaldehyde is a ____ at room temperature.

A) gas
B) liquid
C) solid
D) unknown

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a proper IUPAC name?

A) 1-cyclopentanone
B) 1-pentanone
C) 2-pentanone
D) 3-pentanone

Question 43

Which of the following has the highest boiling point?

A) propanal
B) methanal
C) ethanal
D) butanal

Question 44

Which of the following substances can be used to produce a chemical tan?

A) benzaldehyde
B) dihydroxyacetone
C) menthone
D) citral

Question 45

Norethynodrel is a common drug used for birth control.Which of the following is NOT a common side affect associated with norethynodrel?

A) abdominal bleeding
B) hypertension
C) acne
D) weight loss

Question 46

What is the organic product when a basic solution of Ag(NH₃)₂⁺ is added to CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO?

A)

B)

C)

D) No reaction occurs.

Question 47

Fully reacting an aldehyde with an alcohol will produce?

A) a carboxylic acid
B) no reaction
C) a primary alcohol
D) an acetal

Question 48

Which of the following substances is an integral portion of embalming fluid?

A) methadone
B) methanal
C) ethanol
D) ethanal

Question 49

What is the common name for 2-butanone?

A) methyl ethyl ketone
B) diethyl ketone
C) isobutyl ketone
D) butyl ketone

Question 50

Hydrogenation of an aldehyde will produce?

A) a carboxylic acid
B) no reaction
C) a primary alcohol
D) an acetal

Question 51

Which of the following is a condensed structural formula for an aldehyde? (Note: R is used to represent a generic alkyl chain).

A) RCHO
B) RCOH
C) RC(=O)R
D) RCOOH

Question 52

Our bodies rely on a two step process for detoxification of ethyl alcohol.The first step occurs in the cytoplasm of the liver,where the alcohol is oxidized.Which of the following materials is produced during that step?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 53

Which of the following is an ingredient in some inhalants? It has a characteristic medicinal odor.

A) citral
B) biacetal
C) menthone
D) camphor

Question 54

An unknown compound undergoes no change under oxidizing conditions but reacts readily with hydrogen in the presence of a Pt catalyst.Which of the following might be this unknown compound?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 55

Oxidation of an aldehyde will produce?

A) a carboxylic acid
B) no reaction
C) a primary alcohol
D) an acetal

Question 56

Which of the following properly ranks the relative aqueous solubility of each functional group?

A) alkene < aldehyde < alcohol < ketone
B) aldehyde < ketone < alkene < alcohol
C) alkene < ketone < alcohol < aldehyde
D) alkene < ketone < aldehyde < alcohol

Question 57

Which of the following is a structural representation of benzaldehyde?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Question 58

Which of the following will give both a positive Tollens' test and a positive Benedict's test?

A)

B)

C)

D) All give positive tests for both.

Question 59

The intermediate product of two moles of a primary alcohol and one mole of a ketone would be a(n)____.

A) acetal
B) ketal
C) hemiacetal
D) hemiketal

Question 60

Which of the following is the substance that causes the symptoms associated with a 'hangover'?

A) methanal
B) 2-octanone
C) ethanal
D) benzaldehyde

Question 61

The IUPAC name for formaldehyde is methanal.

Question 62

Acetals are prepared from ketones and alcohols.

Question 63

Generally,only those organic compounds containing oxygen or nitrogen can hydrogen bond.

Question 64

To prepare a ketone,one should oxidize a secondary alcohol.

Question 65

Benedict's reagent is a stronger oxidizing reagent than the Tollens' reagent.

Question 66

The formation of a ketal from a hemiketal and alcohol is usually a base catalyzed reaction.

Question 67

Which of the following substances is found in the rinds of lemons,limes and oranges?

A) biacetal
B) dihydroxyacetone
C) menthone
D) citral

Question 68

Acetone is the common name for 2-butanone.

Question 69

Another name for acetaldehyde is 2-propane.

Question 70

The formation of a hemiketal from a ketone and alcohol is a condensation reaction.

Question 71

Aldehydes and ketones would always have a higher boiling point than the corresponding hydrocarbon with the same number of carbon atoms.

Question 72

When naming aldehydes,the aldehyde group is at position number 1.

Question 73

Acetone can strongly hydrogen bond to water.

Question 74

Ketones react readily with the Tollens' reagent.

Question 75

Acetone can strongly hydrogen bond to itself.

Question 76

The addition of an alcohol molecule to an aldehyde carbonyl group gives a hemiacetal.

Question 77

Acetals are generally more stable than hemiacetals.

Question 78

Oxidation of hemiketal will give a ketone and an alcohol.

Question 79

Aldehydes are easier to oxidize than ketones.

Question 80

The simplest ketone has three carbon atoms.