Deck 7: General Physiology

Question 1

The esophagus is part of which body system?

A)Respiratory
B)Endocrine
C)Digestive
D)Urinary

Answer 1

Digestive

Question 2

Which of the following are large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all areas of the body?

A)Arteries
B)Veins
C)Capillaries
D)Venules

Answer 2

Arteries

Question 3

The cerebrum is located in the:

A)synapse.
B)spinal cord.
C)brain.
D)neuron.

Answer 3

brain.

Question 4

Diabetes is a disorder of the ______ system.

A)respiratory
B)endocrine
C)digestive
D)cardiovascular

Question 5

Absorption of nutrients occurs primarily in which part of the digestive system?

A)Mouth
B)Stomach
C)Small intestine
D)Large intestine

Question 6

Which of the following types of muscles is voluntary muscle?

A)Striated muscle
B)Unstriated muscle
C)Cardiac muscle
D)Visceral muscle

Question 7

The attachment of the muscle that is more movable is the muscle:

A)origin.
B)insertion.
C)contraction.

Question 8

The integumentary system:

A)manufactures bile.
B)transports food from the pharynx to the stomach.
C)removes excess glucose from the bloodstream and stores it as glycogen.
D)provides a barrier that prevents bacteria from entering the body.

Question 9

The appendicular skeleton:

A)includes the skull.
B)functions to protect the major organs of the nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems.
C)includes the upper and lower extremities.
D)weighs approximately 60 pounds.

Question 10

Which of the following types of cells produce antibodies?

A)Leukocytes
B)Lymphocytes
C)Monocytes
D)Macrophages

Question 11

Which body system has the job of transporting hormones and antibodies throughout the body?

A)Respiratory
B)Digestive
C)Endocrine
D)Circulatory

Question 12

Alveoli are associated with which of the following body systems?

A)Endocrine
B)Digestive
C)Integumentary
D)Respiratory

Question 13

Gout is a disorder of which of the following body systems?

A)Cardiovascular
B)Skeletal
C)Urinary
D)Endocrine

Question 14

Hormones are produced by which of the following body systems?

A)Cardiovascular system
B)Nervous system
C)Respiratory system
D)Endocrine system

Question 15

The pituitary gland is part of which of the following body systems?

A)Endocrine
B)Cardiovascular
C)Digestive
D)Lymphatic and immune

Question 16

Trabeculae are associated with:

A)cortical bone.
B)cancellous bone.
C)bone marrow.
D)periosteum.

Question 17

White blood cells are part of which of the following human body systems?

A)Endocrine
B)Integumentary
C)Lymphatic and immune system
D)Digestive

Question 18

Periosteum:

A)does not contain nerves and blood vessels.
B)is found adjacent to spongy, trabecular, cancellous bone.
C)contains an inner layer of dense fibrous connective tissue, containing osteoclasts associated with bone formation.
D)is the first (most superficial) layer of bone.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a saddle type of synovial joint?

A)Knee
B)Thumb
C)Tooth to socket
D)Base of the skull

Question 20

Which of the following types of cells is associated with bone formation?

A)Osteoclasts
B)Osteocytes
C)Osteoblasts
D)Fibroblasts

Question 21

A bursa is a(n):

A)gomphosis.
B)fibrous sac.
C)suture.
D)articulation.

Question 22

Hypothyroidism is a disorder of which body system?

A)Lymphatic
B)Endocrine
C)Digestive
D)Circulatory

Question 23

Pneumonia is a disease usually associated with which body system?

A)Circulatory
B)Respiratory
C)Nervous
D)Skeletal

Question 24

Which of the following disorders is associated with the integumentary system?

A)Cystitis
B)Crohn's disease
C)Sinusitis
D)Eczema

Question 25

The apparatus that allows the blood to flow through the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart by opening and closing with each heartbeat is known as the:

A)atrium.
B)ventricle.
C)tricuspid valve.
D)mitral valve.

Question 26

Visceral muscles are found in all the following organs except the:

A)stomach.
B)liver.
C)heart.
D)spleen.

Question 27

The function of the ventricles of the heart is to:

A)receive the blood.
B)pump the blood.
C)supply blood to the heart muscle.
D)send the blood to the lungs.

Question 28

Epididymitis is a disorder of which body system?

A)Male reproductive
B)Female reproductive
C)Lymphatic

Question 29

Which type of muscle do we not control consciously?

A)Skeletal
B)Smooth
C)Striated
D)Voluntary

Question 30

Which of the following elements of blood engulf (phagocytize)germs?

A)Plasma
B)Red blood cells
C)Neutrophils
D)Platelets

Question 31

Periosteum is anchored to bone by:

A)oxytalan fibers.
B)Tomes' process.
C)Sharpey's fibers.
D)hemidesmosomes.

Question 32

Which of the following is true of trabeculae?

A)They are found inside cancellous bone.
B)Trabeculae produce red and white blood cells.
C)They are the densest and hardest portion of bone.
D)Trabeculae are made of bony spicules in cortical bone that are filled with bone marrow.

Question 33

Which of the following terms refers to the more movable attachment of a muscle?

A)Contraction
B)Relaxation
C)Origin
D)Insertion

Question 34

Blood cells are created in which of the following layers of bone?

A)Marrow
B)Periosteum
C)Cancellous bone
D)Compact bone

Question 35

Parkinson's disease is a disorder of the _____ system.

A)respiratory
B)nervous
C)endocrine
D)circulatory

Question 36

What type of joint is the knee?

A)Fibrous
B)Cartilaginous
C)Synovial hinge type joint
D)Synovial pivot joint

Question 37

Which of the following types of tonsils are located between the anterior and posterior pillars of fauces (throat)?

A)Nasopharyngeal tonsils
B)Adenoids
C)Palatine tonsils
D)Lingual tonsils

Question 38

Cervical lymph nodes are located in the _____.

A)lower abdomen
B)neck
C)under the arms
D)nose and throat

Question 39

Which type of bone is adjacent to the periosteum?

A)Trabecular bone
B)Compact bone
C)Cancellous bone
D)Bone marrow

Question 40

The heart:

A)pumps 40,000 gallons of blood daily.
B)is about the size of a baseball.
C)is made of striated muscle.
D)is enclosed in a pericardium.

Question 41

Spinal nerves are part of which of the following components of the nervous system?

A)Brain
B)Spinal cord
C)Central nervous system
D)Peripheral nervous system

Question 42

The ____________ system can synthesize vitamin D.

A)cardiovascular
B)endocrine
C)integumentary
D)urinary

Question 43

Why is a patient with epilepsy of concern to the dental staff?

A)The dental staff can contract the disease from the patient.
B)The patient may have resting tremors of the hands and rigidity of movement.
C)The patient may have uncontrollable seizures, which could cause him to hurt himself during treatment.
D)The patient may have severe pain caused by inflammation of the trigeminal nerve.

Question 44

Which statement is not true of hormones?

A)Hormones produce long-term changes in humans, such as growth.
B)Hormones are secreted into the bloodstream through a series of intralobular and interlobular ducts.
C)Hormones help to maintain the amount of sugar in the blood.
D)Hormones can reach every cell in the body.

Question 45

__________ is an acute inflammation of the lungs.

A)Tonsillitis
B)Pharyngitis
C)Tuberculosis
D)Pneumonia

Question 46

If a patient comes into the dental office with symptoms of severe pain caused by inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve,he or she may have:

A)Parkinson's disease.
B)Bell's palsy.
C)tic douloureux.
D)multiple sclerosis.

Question 47

Which type of joints are the hips?

A)Fibrous
B)Cartilaginous
C)Gomphoses
D)Ball-and-socket

Question 48

Which of the following terms describes a series of rhythmic,wavelike contractions that move food through the digestive tract?

A)Ingestion
B)Digestion
C)Mastication
D)Peristalsis

Question 49

The ________ nervous system is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

A)somatic
B)central
C)peripheral
D)autonomic

Question 50

Which of the following disorders of the heart is caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaques in coronary arteries?

A)Pericarditis
B)Endocarditis
C)Heart failure
D)Coronary artery disease

Question 51

Which of the following layers of skin contains nerve endings for detection of touch,temperature,and pain?

A)Epidermis
B)Dermis
C)Subcutaneous fat
D)Skin appendages

Question 52

Which of the following parts of the respiratory system contains the vocal bands?

A)Laryngopharynx
B)Oropharynx
C)Nasopharynx
D)Larynx