Deck 1: Defining and Collecting Data

Question 1

Managers need an understanding of statistics to be able to present and describe information accurately,draw conclusions about large populations based on small samples,improve processes,and make reliable forecasts.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which of the following is most likely a parameter as opposed to a statistic?

A) The proportion of trucks stopped yesterday that were found to be unroadworthy.
B) The average height of people randomly selected from a database.
C) The proportion of females registered to vote in a state.
D) The average score of the first five students completing an assignment.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A professor computing the sample average exam score of 20 students and using it to estimate the average exam score for the 1,500 students taking the exam is an example of inferential statistics.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A statistic is usually used to provide an estimate for a usually unobserved parameter.

Question 5

A statistic is usually unobservable while a parameter is usually observable.

Question 6

A population is the totality of items or things under consideration.

Question 7

A study is under way in the Otway National Park to determine the mature height of Mountain Ash gum trees.Specifically,the study is attempting to determine what factors aid a tree in reaching heights greater than 60 metres tall.It is estimated that the park contains 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees.The study involves collecting heights from 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees and analysing the results.

-Identify the population from which the study was sampled.

A) All Mountain Ash gum trees, of any age, in the park.
B) The 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees in the park.
C) All the mature Mountain Ash gum trees taller than 60 metres.
D) The 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees.

Question 8

Which of the following is most likely a population as opposed to a sample?

A) Inhabitants of a town
B) Every fourth person to enter at the shopping centre
C) Participants in an online survey
D) Fifty voters selected from a town's voter rolls

Question 9

The estimation of the population average family expenditure on food based on the sample average expenditure of 1,000 families is an example of

A) inferential statistics.
B) a statistic.
C) descriptive statistics.
D) a parameter.

Question 10

A numerical measure that is computed to describe a characteristic from only a sample of the population is called

A) a census.
B) a parameter.
C) a statistic.
D) the scientific method.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an element of descriptive statistical problems?

A) Identification of patterns in the data.
B) Tables, graphs, or numerical summary tools.
C) An inference made about the population based on the sample.
D) The population or sample of interest.

Question 12

The collection and summarisation of the socioeconomic and physical characteristics of the employees of a particular firm is an example of

A) a parameter.
B) inferential statistics.
C) descriptive statistics.
D) a statistic.

Question 13

The universe or 'totality of items or things' under consideration is called

A) a statistic.
B) a parameter.
C) a population.
D) a sample.

Question 14

The portion of the universe that has been selected for analysis is called

A) a parameter.
B) a frame.
C) a statistic.
D) a sample.

Question 15

The process of using sample statistics to draw conclusions about true population parameters is called

A) sampling.
B) the scientific method.
C) statistical inference.
D) descriptive statistics.

Question 16

Compiling the number of registered voters who turned out to vote for the members of parliament in Victoria is an example of descriptive statistics.

Question 17

Using the number of registered voters who turned out to vote for the primary in Victoria to predict the number of registered voters who will turn out to vote in Tasmania's primary is an example of descriptive statistics.

Question 18

A numerical measure that is computed to describe a characteristic of an entire population is called

A) a statistic.
B) a census.
C) a parameter.
D) the scientific method.

Question 19

A sample is the portion of the universe that is selected for analysis.

Question 20

Those methods involving the collection,presentation,and characterisation of a set of data in order to properly describe the various features of that set of data are called

A) the scientific method.
B) sampling.
C) descriptive statistics.
D) statistical inference.

Question 21

Faculty rank (professor to associate lecturer)is an example of discrete numerical data.

Question 22

The answer to the question 'How do you rate the quality of your business statistics course?' is an example of an ordinal scaled variable.

Question 23

A study is under way in the Otway National Park to determine the mature height of Mountain Ash gum trees.Specifically,the study is attempting to determine what factors aid a tree in reaching heights greater than 60 metres tall.It is estimated that the park contains 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees.The study involves collecting heights from 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees and analysing the results.

- Identify the sample in the study.

A) The 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees.
B) All the mature Mountain Ash gum trees taller than 60 metres.
C) All Mountain Ash gum trees, of any age, in the park.
D) The 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees in the park.

Question 24

Most analysts focus on the cost of HECS fees as the way to measure the cost of a university education.But incidentals,such as textbook costs,are rarely considered.A researcher at the University of Adelaide wishes to estimate the textbook costs of first-year students at the University.To do so,she monitored the textbook cost of 250 first-year students and found that their average textbook cost was $300 per semester.

-Identify the variable of interest to the researcher.

A) The cost of incidental expenses of University of Adelaide students.
B) The age of University of Adelaide students.
C) The textbook cost of first-year University of Adelaide students.
D) The year in school of University of Adelaide students.

Question 25

The average number of units passed per semester by university students is suspected to be rising.A researcher at Brisbane University wishes to estimate the number of units passed by students during the second semester at Brisbane University.To do so,he randomly selects 100 student transcripts and records the number of units each student passed in second semester.Identify the variable of interest to the researcher.

A) The age of Brisbane University students enrolled in second semester.
B) The number of students enrolled at Brisbane University during second semester.
C) The number of units passed by Brisbane University students during second semester.
D) The average indebtedness of Brisbane University students enrolled in second semester.

Question 26

The amount of coffee consumed by an individual in a day is an example of a discrete numerical variable.

Question 27

Most analysts focus on the cost of Higher Education Contribution Scheme (HECS)fees as the way to measure the cost of a university education.But incidentals,such as textbook costs,are rarely considered.A researcher at the University of Adelaide wishes to estimate the textbook costs of first-year students at the University.To do so,she monitored the textbook cost of 250 first-year students and found that their average textbook cost was $300 per semester.

-Identify the population of interest to the researcher.

A) All first-year University of Adelaide students.
B) All University of Adelaide students.
C) All university students.
D) The 250 students that were monitored.

Question 28

Student grades (A to D)are an example of continuous numerical data.

Question 29

The possible responses to the question 'How many times in the past year have you visited a public library?' are values from a discrete variable.

Question 30

Instruction 1.1
The manager of the customer service division of a major consumer electronics company is interested in determining whether the customers who have purchased a wireless home security system made by the company over the past 12 months are satisfied with their products.
Referring to Instruction 1.1,the population of interest is

A) all the customers who have ever bought a wireless home security system made by the company.
B) all the customers who have bought a wireless home security system made by the company over the past 12 months.
C) all the customers who have used a wireless home security system over the past 12 months.
D) all the customers who have bought a wireless home security system made by the company and brought it in for repair over the past 12 months.

Question 31

A study is under way in the Otway National Park to determine the mature height of Mountain Ash gum trees.Specifically,the study is attempting to determine what factors aid a tree in reaching heights greater than 60 metres tall.It is estimated that the park contains 25,000 mature Mountain Ash gum trees.The study involves collecting heights from 250 randomly selected mature Mountain Ash gum trees and analysing the results.

- Identify the variable of interest in the study.

A) The age of a Mountain Ash gum tree in the Otway National Park.
B) The height of a Mountain Ash gum tree in the Otway National Park.
C) The species of trees in the Otway National Park.
D) The number of Mountain Ash gum trees in the Otway National Park.

Question 32

Most analysts focus on the cost of HECS fees as the way to measure the cost of a university education.But incidentals,such as textbook costs,are rarely considered.A researcher at the University of Adelaide wishes to estimate the textbook costs of first-year students at the University.To do so,she monitored the textbook cost of 250 first-year students and found that their average textbook cost was $300 per semester.

- Identify the sample in the study.

A) All first-year University of Adelaide students.
B) The 250 students that were monitored.
C) All university students.
D) All University of Adelaide students.

Question 33

The answer to the question 'What is your favourite food?' is an example of a continuous variable.

Question 34

The possible responses to the question 'How long have you been living at your current residence?' are values from a continuous variable.

Question 35

Instruction 1.1
The manager of the customer service division of a major consumer electronics company is interested in determining whether the customers who have purchased a wireless home security system made by the company over the past 12 months are satisfied with their products.
Referring to Instruction 1.1,the possible responses to the question 'What is your annual income rounded to the nearest thousand?' are values from a

A) discrete numerical random variable.
B) continuous numerical random variable.
C) categorical random variable.
D) parameter.

Question 36

Instruction 1.1
The manager of the customer service division of a major consumer electronics company is interested in determining whether the customers who have purchased a wireless home security system made by the company over the past 12 months are satisfied with their products.
Referring to Instruction 1.1,the possible responses to the question 'How much time do you use the wireless home security system every week on the average?' are values from a

A) continuous numerical random variable.
B) discrete numerical random variable.
C) categorical random variable.
D) parameter.

Question 37

Instruction 1.1
The manager of the customer service division of a major consumer electronics company is interested in determining whether the customers who have purchased a wireless home security system made by the company over the past 12 months are satisfied with their products.
Referring to Instruction 1.1,the possible responses to the question 'How many wireless home security systems made by other manufacturers have you used?' are values from a

A) discrete random variable.
B) continuous random variable.
C) categorical random variable.
D) parameter.

Question 38

Instruction 1.1
The manager of the customer service division of a major consumer electronics company is interested in determining whether the customers who have purchased a wireless home security system made by the company over the past 12 months are satisfied with their products.
Referring to Instruction 1.1,the possible responses to the question 'Out of a 7 point scale with 7 being "extremely satisfied" and 1 being "extremely unsatisfied",what is your satisfaction level on the wireless home security system that you purchased?' are values from a

A) discrete numerical random variable.
B) continuous numerical random variable.
C) categorical random variable.
D) parameter.

Question 39

Researchers suspect that the average number of units passed per semester by university students is rising.A researcher at Brisbane University wishes to estimate the number of units passed by students during the second semester at Brisbane.To do so,he randomly selects 100 student transcripts and records the number of units each student passed in second semester.He found that the average number of semester units passed was 6.85 units per student.Identify the population of interest to the researcher.

A) All university students.
B) All Brisbane University students enrolled in second semester.
C) All Brisbane University students.
D) All university students enrolled in second semester.

Question 40

A continuous variable may take on any value within its relevant range even though the measurement device may not be precise enough to record it.

Question 41

The amount of alcohol consumed by a person per week will be measured on an interval scale.

Question 42

The answer to the question 'How many minutes on average do you spend exercising per week?' is an example of a discrete variable.

Question 43

The answer to the question 'What is your sleeping bag temperature rating?' is an example of a categorical variable.

Question 44

Marital status is an example of an ordinal scaled variable.

Question 45

The amount of kilojoules contained in a 250 gram packet of cheese will be measured on a ratio scale.

Question 46

The quality ('terrible','poor','fair','acceptable','very good' and 'excellent')of a day care centre is an example of a numerical variable.

Question 47

The amount of kilojoules contained in a 250 gram packet of cheese is an example of a discrete variable.

Question 48

The quality ('terrible','poor','fair','acceptable','very good' and 'excellent')of a day care centre is an example of a nominal scaled variable.

Question 49

The date when a new factory becomes operational will be measured with a ratio scale.

Question 50

The amount of time a student spent studying for an exam is an example of a continuous variable.

Question 51

The amount of alcohol consumed by a person per week is an example of a continuous variable.

Question 52

The brand of smartphone one owns is an example of an ordinal scaled variable.

Question 53

Marital status is an example of a numerical variable.

Question 54

The grade level (1-12)of a student is an example of a nominal scaled variable.

Question 55

The grade level (1-12)of a student is an example of a numerical variable.

Question 56

The amount of time a student spent studying for an exam will be measured on a ratio scale.

Question 57

Whether a university student is a full-fee student or a HECS student is an example of a nominal scaled variable.

Question 58

The number of defective apples in a single box is an example of a continuous variable.

Question 59

The number of defective apples in a single box will be measured on an interval scale.

Question 60

Whether a university student is a full-fee student or a HECS student is an example of a categorical variable.

Question 61

The average salary of a University lecturer in Australian dollars is an example of

A) an interval scale.
B) a nominal scale.
C) an ordinal scale.
D) a ratio scale.

Question 62

The Talent Retention Officer of a large corporation wishes to develop employee newly expanded 'soft' benefits package for employee retention and recruitment purposes,and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for possible perks to be included in the potential package.In this study,methods involving the collection,presentation,and characterisation of the data are called _________.

Question 63

Which of the following is a continuous quantitative variable?

A) The colour of a student's hair.
B) The number of loaves of bread sold at the local grocery store yesterday.
C) The amount of eggs produced by a chicken in a one-month period.
D) The number of employees of a law firm.

Question 64

The Vice Chancellor of a major university was concerned about alcohol abuse on her campus and wanted to find out the proportion of students at her university who visited the campus bar on the weekend before the final exam period.Her advisor took a random sample of 250 students.The total number of students in the sample who visited the campus bar on the weekend before the final exam period is an example of

A) a categorical random variable.
B) a discrete random variable.
C) a continuous random variable.
D) a parameter.

Question 65

To monitor campus security,the campus security office is taking a survey of the number of students in a parking lot each 30 minutes of a 24-hour period with the goal of determining when patrols of the lot would serve the most students.If X is the number of students in the lot each period of time,then X is an example of

A) a categorical random variable.
B) a discrete random variable.
C) a continuous random variable.
D) a statistic.

Question 66

The numbers on football players' uniforms is an example of

A) an ordinal scale.
B) an interval scale.
C) a nominal scale.
D) a ratio scale.

Question 67

The Talent Retention Officer of a large corporation wishes to develop employee newly expanded 'soft' benefits package for employee retention and recruitment purposes,and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for possible perks to be included in the potential package.All the employees in the corporation constitute the _________.

Question 68

The classification of student year of study (first year,second year,third year,honours)is an example of

A) a categorical random variable.
B) a discrete random variable.
C) a continuous random variable.
D) a parameter.

Question 69

Researchers are concerned that the weight of the average Australian school student is increasing implying,among other things,that children's clothing should be manufactured and marketed in larger sizes.If X is the weight of school children sampled in a nationwide study,then X is an example of

A) a categorical random variable.
B) a discrete random variable.
C) a continuous random variable.
D) a parameter.

Question 70

Data from a categorical variable can be measured on a ratio scale or on an interval scale,whilst data from a numerical variable are measured on a nominal scale or on an ordinal scale.

Question 71

The Talent Retention Officer of a large corporation wishes to develop employee newly expanded 'soft' benefits package for employee retention and recruitment purposes,and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for possible perks to be included in the potential package.In this study,methods that result in decisions concerning population characteristics based only on the sample results are called_________.

Question 72

The Talent Retention Officer of a large corporation wishes to develop employee newly expanded 'soft' benefits package for employee retention and recruitment purposes,and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for possible perks to be included in the potential package.Information obtained from the sample will be used to draw conclusions about the true population _________.

Question 73

The Vice Chancellor of a major university was concerned about alcohol abuse on her campus and wanted to find out the proportion of students at her university who visited the campus bar on the weekend before the final exam period.Her advisor took a random sample of 250 students and computed the portion of students in the sample who visited the campus bar on the weekend before the final exam.The portion of all students at her university who visited the campus bar on the weekend before the final exam period is an example of

A) a categorical random variable.
B) a discrete random variable.
C) a continuous random variable.
D) a parameter.

Question 74

The classification of student major (accounting,economics,management,marketing,other)is an example of

A) a categorical random variable.
B) a discrete random variable.
C) a continuous random variable.
D) a parameter.

Question 75

The Vice Chancellor of a major university was concerned about alcohol abuse on her campus and wanted to find out the proportion of students at her university who visited the campus bar on the weekend before the final exam period.Her advisor took a random sample of 250 students.

- The answer on 'are you likely to visit the campus bar on the weekend before the final exam period' is an example of

A) a discrete random variable.
B) a categorical random variable.
C) a continuous random variable.
D) a parameter.

Question 76

The sports shoes for adults sold in Australia are often marked with sizes based on the US or UK system.In this case,shoe size is an example of

A) an ordinal scale.
B) an interval scale.
C) a nominal scale.
D) a ratio scale.

Question 77

The Talent Retention Officer of a large corporation wishes to develop employee newly expanded 'soft' benefits package for employee retention and recruitment purposes,and decides to select 500 employees from a list of all (N = 40,000)workers in order to study their preferences for possible perks to be included in the potential package.The 500 employees who will participate in this study constitute the _________.

Question 78

Which of the following is a discrete quantitative variable?

A) The number of employees of an insurance company.
B) The volume of water released from a dam.
C) The S&P/ASX 200 stock index.
D) The distance you drove yesterday.

Question 79

The Vice Chancellor of a major university was concerned about alcohol abuse on her campus and wanted to find out the proportion of students at her university who visited the campus bar on the weekend before the final exam period.Her advisor took a random sample of 250 students.

-The portion of students in the sample who visited the campus bar on the weekend before the final exam period is an example of

A) a discrete random variable.
B) a parameter.
C) a statistic.
D) a categorical random variable.

Question 80

The rankings of teams in a rugby tournament is an example of

A) an ordinal scale.
B) an interval scale.
C) a nominal scale.
D) a ratio scale.