Deck 3: Organizational Commitment

Question 1

The erosion model suggests that employees who have direct linkages with "leavers" will themselves become more likely to leave.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A lack of employment alternatives is one of the factors that increase continuance commitment.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Organizational commitment should increase the likelihood that an individual will respond to a negative work event with voice or loyalty.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The three types of organizational commitment are continuance, normative, and affective.

Question 5

Loyalty is defined as an active, constructive response to a negative work event in which individuals attempt to improve the situation.

Question 6

Employees who feel a sense of continuance commitment identify with the organization, accept that organization's goals and values, and are more willing to exert extra effort on behalf of the organization.

Question 7

Voice is defined as a passive, constructive response to a negative work event that maintains public support for the situation while the individual privately hopes for improvement.

Question 8

Employees falling under the category of "lone wolves" tend to respond to negative events with voice because they have the desire to improve the status quo and the credibility needed to inspire change.

Question 9

Continuance commitment tends to create more of a passive form of loyalty.

Question 10

Affective commitment is defined as a desire to remain a member of an organization due to an emotional attachment to, and involvement with, that organization.

Question 11

Exit is defined as a passive, destructive response to a negative work event in which interest and effort on the job declines.

Question 12

Continuance commitment is defined as a desire to remain a member of an organization due to a feeling of obligation.

Question 13

Affective commitment exists when there is a sense that staying is the "right" or "moral" thing to do.

Question 14

Employees categorized as citizens demonstrate the highest levels of organizational commitment and behave in an active, constructive manner.

Question 15

Continuance commitment focuses on personal and family issues more than affective and normative commitment.

Question 16

Jack grew up in Peoria. Both his family and his wife's family live there. This family background would create a high level of affective commitment.

Question 17

Embeddedness summarizes a person's links to the organization and the community, his/her sense of fit with that organization and community, and what he/she would have to sacrifice for a job change.

Question 18

Organizational commitment is the desire on the part of an employee to remain a member of the organization.

Question 19

The social influence model of withdrawal behavior suggests that employees with fewer bonds will be most likely to quit the organization.

Question 20

Continuance commitment exists when there's a profit associated with staying and a cost associated with leaving.

Question 21

The independent forms model of withdrawal argues that the various withdrawal behaviors are uncorrelated with one another, occur for different reasons, and fulfill different needs on the part of employees.

Question 22

"_____ commitment" is defined as a desire to remain a member of an organization because of an awareness of the costs associated with leaving it.

A)Continuance
B)Affective
C)Associative
D)Normative
E)Situational

Question 23

The progression model of withdrawal argues that the various withdrawal behaviors negatively correlate with one another-that doing one means you're less likely to do another. The idea is that any form of withdrawal can compensate for, or neutralize, a sense of dissatisfaction, which makes the other forms unnecessary.

Question 24

When employees engage in moonlighting, they use work time and resources to complete something other than their job duties, such as assignments for another job.

Question 25

The retirement of the Baby Boomers will have no effect on the country's economic output.

Question 26

Employees in the category of apathetics are demonstrate passive, destructive behavior. They exert the minimum level of effort required to keep their jobs.

Question 27

Transactional contracts are based on a narrow set of specific monetary obligations.

Question 28

Employees falling under the category of "lone wolves" possess low levels of both organizational commitment and task performance and merely exert the minimum level of effort needed to keep their jobs.

Question 29

Which of the following terms refers to the desire on the part of an employee to remain a member of the organization?

A)Organizational efficacy
B)Organizational control
C)Organizational efficiency
D)Organizational commitment
E)Organizational effectiveness

Question 30

The desire to remain a member of an organization due to emotional attachment to, and involvement with, that organization is called "_____ commitment."

A)continuance
B)affective
C)evaluative
D)normative
E)associative

Question 31

Which of the following is one of the three types of organizational commitment?

A)Reactive commitment
B)Associative commitment
C)Normative commitment
D)Proactive commitment
E)Distributive commitment

Question 32

Employees falling under the category of "stars" possess low levels of organizational commitment but high levels of task performance and are motivated to achieve work goals for themselves, not necessarily for their company.

Question 33

The most serious form of physical withdrawal is absenteeism.

Question 34

Psychological contracts reflect employees' beliefs about what they owe the organization and what the organization owes them.

Question 35

Examples of psychological withdrawal include missing meetings and tardiness.

Question 36

Survivor syndrome refers to the anger, depression, fear, distrust, and guilt of the employees who remain after an organization downsizes.

Question 37

Tardiness reflects the tendency to arrive at work late or leave work early.

Question 38

Jacklyn loves her job, admires her boss, believes in the goals and vision of the company.She can't imagine looking for or finding a better job.Jacklyn most likely would demonstrate ______.

A)a high level of organizational commitment
B)a normative level of organizational commitment
C)high performance
D)low performance
E)daydreaming and socializing

Question 39

The set of actions that employees perform to avoid the work situation that may eventually culminate in the employee quitting the organization are referred to as _____ behavior.

A)productivity
B)commitment
C)performance
D)withdrawal
E)citizenship

Question 40

The compensatory forms model of withdrawal argues that the various withdrawal behaviors are positively correlated.

Question 41

_____ commitment exists when there is a sense that staying at a firm is the "right" or "moral" thing to do.

A)Normative
B)Evaluative
C)Social
D)Continuance
E)Affective

Question 42

Nelson Roe works as an assistant coach for the Washington Wizards in the NBA.Recently he was offered the Head-coaching duties at the Portland Blazers.Though their terms and remuneration were very attractive and it would be a huge career move for Nelson, he declined the offer.He felt it was with Washington Wizards that he learned and developed as a coach, and that staying back at Washington Wizards is the right thing to do and is his obligation.This is an example of _____ commitment.

A)continuance
B)intuitive
C)evaluative
D)normative
E)affective

Question 43

Frank, Jess, and Ted are coworkers at Crossroad Inc.Having worked at CI for five years now, the three are discussing their career one day during lunch break when they heard Mary just quit and decided to work for a competitor.Frank remarks that it is not worthwhile for him to leave like Mary because he is so close to getting his big promotion.He has put in the time and hard work for this promotion.If he left for another company, he will not likely get this opportunity again.Ted replies to Frank that for him, it's the CI's relaxed atmosphere and his best friends at CI that keeps him working there.When they asked Jess about how he felt, Jess indicates that Mary had no bonds to CI.She was relatively new and had not invested any time at CI."For me," Jess says, "CI gave me an opportunity and invested so much in mentoring me, preparing me for the position, and showing me the ropes to success.There is no way that I can desert them by leaving for another company." Frank is exhibiting:

A)continuance commitment.
B)affective commitment.
C)evaluative commitment.
D)normative commitment.
E)associative commitment.

Question 44

The factors that increase normative commitment include:

A)salary and other monetary benefits.
B)availability of employment opportunities.
C)a sense that the organization has invested in the employee.
D)links to the local community.
E)organizational culturE.The factors that increase normative commitment include a sense that the organization has invested in the employee, personal work philosophies or more general codes of right and wrong developed over the course of their lives.

Question 45

Jess, Frank, and Ted are coworkers at Crossroad Inc.Having worked at CI for five years now, the three are discussing their career one day during lunch break when they heard Mary just quit and decided to work for a competitor.Frank remarks that it is not worthwhile for him to leave like Mary because he is so close to getting his big promotion.He has put in the time and hard work for this promotion.If he left for another company, he will not likely get this opportunity again.Ted replies to Frank that for him, it's the CI's relaxed atmosphere and his best friends at CI that keeps him working there.When they asked Jess about how he felt, Jess indicates that Mary had no bonds to CI.She was relatively new and had not invested any time at CI."For me," Jess says, "CI gave me an opportunity and invested so much in mentoring me, preparing me for the position, and showing me the ropes to success.There is no way that I can desert them by leaving for another company." Ted is exhibiting:

A)continuance commitment.
B)affective commitment.
C)obligation-based commitment.
D)normative commitment.
E)skill-based commitment.

Question 46

The _____ model suggests that employees who have direct linkages with "leavers" will themselves become more likely to leave.

A)social influence
B)affective
C)continuance
D)decay
E)social identity

Question 47

Mauve has been working as the creative head at Juno Designs for the past 10 years.Her growth at Juno has made her one of the finest designers in the field.Of late Mauve has been receiving several offers and inquiries from head hunters from other companies.Mauve feels that she should stay with Juno Designs because her retirement benefit increases during her later years of service as opposed to her initial years of service.This is an example of _____ commitment.

A)continuance
B)affective
C)ethical
D)normative
E)associative

Question 48

An active, constructive response to a negative situation, in which individuals attempt to improve the situation, is referred to as _____.

A)voice
B)neglect
C)loyalty
D)exit
E)honesty

Question 49

A desire to remain a member of an organization due to a feeling of obligation is called _____ commitment.

A)continuance
B)affective
C)associative
D)normative
E)evaluative

Question 50

Normative commitment from employees can result from all of these EXCEPT:

A)personal work principles of employees.
B)organizational socialization.
C)creating a feeling that the employee is in the organization's debt.
D)increasing the organization's charitable activities.
E)implementing a matrix structure in the organization.

Question 51

Employees who feel a sense of _____ commitment tend to engage in more interpersonal and organizational citizenship behaviors, such as helping, sportsmanship, and boosterism.

A)normative
B)evaluative
C)affective
D)proactive
E)continuance

Question 52

Miranda works for the United Bank at Madison.She feels over-worked and dislikes her job profile.But Miranda cannot quit because she needs the job to repay her education loan.What type of commitment does Miranda have?

A)Continuance commitment
B)Normative commitment
C)Affective commitment
D)Cognitive commitment
E)Intuitive commitment

Question 53

The term "focus of commitment" refers to all of the following EXCEPT:

A)supervisors.
B)company's top management.
C)salary.
D)specific coworkers.
E)industry regulations.

Question 54

Which of the following is one of the three types of organizational commitment that focuses on personal and family issues more than the other two commitment types?

A)Evaluative commitment
B)Continuance commitment
C)Associative commitment
D)Affective commitment
E)Normative commitment

Question 55

Which of the following terms refers to the various people, places, and things that can inspire a desire to remain a member of an organization?

A)Focus of influence
B)Focus of commitment
C)Focus of attention
D)Focus of performance
E)Focus of dominance

Question 56

Which of the following terms refers to the work and nonwork forces that bind us to our current employer?

A)Normative impact
B)Affective influence
C)Industry regulations
D)Embeddedness
E)Social influence

Question 57

An active, destructive response by which an individual either ends or restricts organizational membership is referred to as _____.

A)voice
B)exit
C)loyalty
D)neglect
E)ignorance

Question 58

Maria is rather quiet at her work place.Her only friend at work, Nancy, quit the company a month ago.The _____ model suggests that Maria will soon quit her job because Nancy is not working in the same organization anymore.

A)social identity
B)continuance
C)progression
D)embedded
E)social influence

Question 59

The _____ model suggests that employees with fewer bonds will be most likely to quit the organization.

A)social influence
B)social impact
C)erosion
D)decay
E)continuity

Question 60

Red, Jess, and Frankare coworkers at Crossroad Inc.Having worked at CI for five years now, the three are discussing their career one day during lunch break when they heard Mary just quit and decided to work for a competitor.Frank remarks that it is not worthwhile for him to leave like Mary because he is so close to getting his big promotion.He has put in the time and hard work for this promotion.If he left for another company, he will not likely get this opportunity again.Ted replies to Frank that for him, it's the CI's relaxed atmosphere and his best friends at CI that keeps him working there.When they asked Jess about how he felt, Jess indicates that Mary had no bonds to CI.She was relatively new and had not invested any time at CI."For me," Jess says, "CI gave me an opportunity and invested so much in mentoring me, preparing me for the position, and showing me the ropes to success.There is no way that I can desert them by leaving for another company." Jess is exhibiting:

A)continuance commitment.
B)intuitive commitment.
C)evaluative commitment.
D)normative commitment.
E)affective commitment.

Question 61

Sean was recently added to the marketing team at Axon International.He will be starting at the company in two weeks.Sean has had the reputation of being an expert in ad campaigns and catching the nerve of the target audience.However, he also has the reputation of not getting along with anyone.He doesn't care much about where and for whom he works but is primarily motivated to achieve goals for himself and beat his own records.As soon as Amanda heard about Sean joining the team, she turned in her resignation.Ashton, another team member, called Sean and held a lunch meeting to express all the team members' concerns.He tried to reason with Sean to smooth things out before he formally joins the team.Amanda's reaction can be described as _____.

A)voice
B)neglect
C)loyalty
D)exit
E)ignorance

Question 62

_____ possess low levels of organizational commitment but high levels of task performance and are motivated to achieve work goals for themselves, not necessarily for their company.

A)Stars
B)Citizens
C)Dogs
D)Apathetics
E)Lone wolves

Question 63

Which of the following terms refers to a passive, destructive response in which interest and effort in the job declines?

A)Exit
B)Loyalty
C)Voice
D)Ignorance
E)Neglect

Question 64

Recently Seatm was added to the marketing team at Axon International.He will be starting at the company in two weeks.Sean has had the reputation of being an expert in ad campaigns and catching the nerve of the target audience.However, he also has the reputation of not getting along with anyone.He doesn't care much about where and for whom he works but is primarily motivated to achieve goals for himself and beat his own records.As soon as Amanda heard about Sean joining the team, she turned in her resignation.Ashton, another team member, called Sean and held a lunch meeting to express all the team members' concerns.He tried to reason with Sean to smooth things out before he formally joins the team.Sean can be described as a(n) _____.

A)star
B)lone wolf
C)citizen
D)apathetic
E)dog

Question 65

Sean recently joined the marketing team at Axon International.He will be starting at the company in two weeks.Sean has had the reputation of being an expert in ad campaigns and catching the nerve of the target audience.However, he also has the reputation of not getting along with anyone.He doesn't care much about where and for whom he works but is primarily motivated to achieve goals for himself and beat his own records.As soon as Amanda heard about Sean joining the team, she turned in her resignation.Ashton, another team member, called Sean and held a lunch meeting to express all the team members' concerns.He tried to reason with Sean to smooth things out before he formally joins the team.Ashton's reaction can be described as _____.

A)voice
B)neglect
C)loyalty
D)exit
E)ignorance

Question 66

The talented employees who display high level of task performance but never seem to want to get involved in important decisions about the future of the company are most likely to be "_____."

A)citizens
B)dogs
C)apathetic
D)lone wolves
E)stars

Question 67

Which of the following types of employees possesses high commitment and high performance and are held up as role models for other employees?

A)Dogs
B)Apathetics
C)Stars
D)Lone wolves
E)Citizens

Question 68

"Lone wolves" is one of the four types of employees based on the degree of organizational commitment and task performance."Lone wolves" are likely to respond to negative events with _____.

A)loyalty
B)exit
C)neglect
D)voice
E)ignorance

Question 69

"Stars" is one of the four types of employees based on the degree of organizational commitment and task performance."Stars" likely respond to negative events with _____ because they have the desire to improve the status quo and the credibility needed to inspire change.

A)loyalty
B)exit
C)neglect
D)voice
E)ignorance

Question 70

"_____" possess low levels of both organizational commitment and task performance.

A)Stars
B)Citizens
C)Lone wolves
D)Apathetics
E)Dogs

Question 71

Which of the following types of employees possesses high commitment and low task performance but perform many of the voluntary "extra-role" activities that are needed to make the organization function smoothly?

A)Stars
B)Citizens
C)Lone wolves
D)Apathetics
E)Dogs

Question 72

A passive, constructive response to negative events that maintains public support for the situation while the individual privately hopes for improvement is referred to as _____.

A)voice
B)exit
C)neglect
D)loyalty
E)ignorance

Question 73

A(n) _____ merely exerts the minimum level of effort needed to keep their jobs.

A)apathetic
B)citizen
C)dog
D)star
E)lone wolf

Question 74

"_____" is a form of withdrawal in which employees appear to be working but are actually distracted by random thoughts or concerns.

A)Moonlighting
B)Cyberloafing
C)Socializing
D)Satisficing
E)Daydreaming

Question 75

Organizational commitment should increase the likelihood that an individual will respond to a negative work with _____ or _____.

A)loyalty; neglect
B)exit; loyalty
C)voice; exit
D)loyalty; voice
E)neglect; exit

Question 76

Organizational commitment should decrease the likelihood that an individual will respond to a negative work event with _____ or _____.

A)exit; neglect
B)loyalty; neglect
C)neglect; voice
D)exit; voice
E)exit; loyalty

Question 77

Tim is a new hire at The Journal, a weekly publication.He does not like his job and is not committed to the organization.He hardly exerts any effort that is required to keep his job.Tim is staying with The Journal because he does not want to be "unemployed." Tim is a(n) "______."

A)star
B)citizen
C)lone wolf
D)apathetic
E)dog

Question 78

Jonas continually breaks off from his assigned tasks to check the football scores or check his friends' Facebook updates.He is engaging in ______, which is a type of ______.

A)cyberloafing, psychological withdrawal
B)psychological withdrawal, daydreaming
C)cyberloafing, antisocial behavior
D)socializing, psychological withdrawal
E)psychological absenteeism, negative organizational behavior.

Question 79

Apathetics tend to respond to negative events with _____, because they are low performers who lack marketable skills, and who do not have a high enough level of organizational commitment needed to engage in acts of citizenship.

A)loyalty
B)exit
C)influence
D)voice
E)neglect

Question 80

"Citizens" is one of the four types of employees based on the degree of organizational commitment and task performance."Citizens" are likely to respond to negative events with _____ because they may not have the credibility needed to inspire change but possess the desire to remain a member of the organization.

A)loyalty
B)exit
C)neglect
D)voice
E)ignorance