Deck 23: Growth and Development

Question 1

Which technique is best to calm a preschooler's fears before auscultating bowel sounds?

A) Reassure the child that listening to bowel sounds will not hurt in the least.
B) Allow the child to use the stethoscope to listen to a teddy bear's abdomen.
C) Explain how a stethoscope is used to listen to the functioning of the bowel.
D) Seat the child in the parent's lap and have the parent hold the child's hands.

Answer 1

Allow the child to use the stethoscope to listen to a teddy bear's abdomen.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for an elderly patient who has just been diagnosed with a bladder infection.The normally alert and appropriate patient thinks that she is going to bake cookies with her mother when she gets home after school this afternoon.Which term best describes the patient's mental status?

A) Delirious
B) Dejected
C) Depressed
D) Demented

Answer 2

Delirious

Question 3

Which technique is used to assess fine-motor skills in a middle-school child?

A) Observe the child drawing a picture on a piece of paper.
B) Watch the child sit on the floor and rise to a standing position.
C) Ask the child to walk a straight line in a heel-toe (tandem)gait.
D) Ask the child to stand on one leg and hop in place several times.

Answer 3

Observe the child drawing a picture on a piece of paper.

Question 4

The middle-aged patient is overwhelmed by the stresses of caring for aging parents as well as young children living at home.Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for this patient?

A) Disturbed body image related to developmental changes associated with middle age
B) Deficient diversional activity related to desire to enhance relaxation and contentment
C) Caregiver role strain related to amount of attention and care needed by both parents and children
D) Readiness for enhanced power related to desire for freedom from family responsibilities

Question 5

Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a toddler who is not walking by the age of 24 months?

A) Delayed growth and development related to failure to achieve age-appropriate motor skills
B) Impaired walking related to inability to maintain a steady gait along uneven surfaces
C) Sedentary lifestyle related to preferred lifestyle that requires minimal physical activity
D) Impaired parenting related to unrealistic expectations for age-appropriate motor skills

Question 6

The mother of a school-age child asks the nurse why the child's blood pressure is measured at a routine physical examination appointment.What is the best answer of the nurse?

A) "Insurance companies require blood pressure checks of children as well as adults to calculate premium rates."
B) "The state health department requires blood pressure checks before immunizations can be administered."
C) "Sometimes children develop high blood pressure that can lead to health problems in adulthood."
D) "Blood pressure checks are started in childhood so that adults will not be afraid of them later on."

Question 7

The mother of a healthy toddler reports that the child is eating less than a few months ago but the child has not lost any weight.Which is the most appropriate response of the nurse?

A) "You need to make him eat more every day.At this stage,he is growing too fast to not eat."
B) "I could show you a growth chart,but each child is different so it doesn't mean much."
C) "Toddlers have periods when they aren't growing as fast and they don't need to eat as much."
D) "Make him eat with a spoon and don't feed him snacks.He will be hungrier at meal time."

Question 8

Which assessment finding indicates that the patient is at risk for developing polypharmacy?

A) The patient stores medications in the kitchen cabinet.
B) The patient takes four different medications for congestive heart failure.
C) The patient requires financial assistance to pay for prescriptions.
D) The patient obtains all prescription medications from a mail-order pharmacy.

Question 9

Loud wails erupt whenever the nurse tries to pick up the infant from the mother.Which developmental stage is the infant experiencing?

A) Affiliation and love
B) Production and care
C) Trust versus mistrust
D) Autonomy versus doubt

Question 10

The nurse is caring for an elderly patient who has become withdrawn and refuses to eat after being admitted to a long-term nursing facility.Which is the highest priority goal for the patient?

A) The patient will participate in social activities with other residents.
B) The patient will ask questions about the prescribed care and treatment.
C) The patient will develop meaningful relationships with the nursing staff.
D) The patient will maintain usual weight and show no signs of dehydration.

Question 11

The nurse is caring for a middle-aged adult who verbalizes a desire to start jogging and has a goal to run a half marathon.Which is the most appropriate action of the nurse?

A) Tell the patient that exercising during middle age could lead to injury.
B) Recommend that the patient have a complete physical examination first.
C) Inform the patient that it is unwise to take up new sports during middle age.
D) Explain that the disability from normal aging prevents taking up new sports.

Question 12

The adolescent with a BMI of 18.5 feels overweight after seeing excessively slender actresses on TV and in the movies.Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for this adolescent?

A) Decisional conflict related to how much weight should be lost to look pretty
B) Defensive coping related to denial of imbalanced weight to height proportion
C) Powerlessness related to perception that weight loss is needed to gain friends
D) Disturbed body image related to cultural perception of ideal body proportions

Question 13

Which is the highest priority goal for the young adult patient with the nursing diagnosis risk for suicide related to depression and inability to make friends?

A) The patient will express feelings and maintain self-control.
B) The patient will not cause any sort of harm or injury to self.
C) The patient will develop a therapeutic relationship with the nurse.
D) The patient will verbalize less anxiety and fear around other people.

Question 14

Which is the most appropriate goal for an elderly adult with the nursing diagnosis of sedentary lifestyle related to deconditioning and lack of physical exercise?

A) The patient will participate in social activities with others.
B) The patient will increase walking to at least 5000 steps per day.
C) The patient will identify ways to conserve energy and prevent fatigue.
D) The patient will develop meaningful relationships with the nursing staff.

Question 15

A young child learns how to use scissors and catch a ball.Which term best describes these developments?

A) Puberty
B) Growth
C) Adolescence
D) Development

Question 16

The nurse is caring for an elderly patient with the nursing diagnosis loneliness related to recent loss of spouse and limited contact with significant others.Which stage of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is addressed with this diagnosis?

A) Belonging
B) Self-esteem
C) Self-actualization
D) Safety and security

Question 17

A young adult is balancing the need to live and work independently with the desire to have a girlfriend for companionship and love.Which developmental stage is the young adult experiencing?

A) Intimacy versus isolation
B) Obedience and orientation
C) Self-control and independence
D) Generosity versus self-absorption

Question 18

Which is the highest priority nursing diagnosis for a toddler who is at the autonomy versus doubt stage of development?

A) Toileting self-care deficit related to readiness for transition from diapers
B) Impaired verbal communication related to stage of cognitive development
C) Readiness for enhanced sleep related to desire to sleep in a big kids' bed
D) Risk for poisoning related to unawareness of environmental risks within reach

Question 19

Which action demonstrates Piaget's formal operations period of development?

A) Touching everything and putting everything into the mouth to learn about the surroundings
B) Learning not to touch a hot radiator cover again after suffering a mild burn the first time
C) Taking insulin as prescribed because otherwise dangerous complications of diabetes will develop
D) Understanding that a family vacation is in the future and asking daily if vacation will be "today."

Question 20

Which is an example of a primary sexual characteristic?

A) Enlarged larynx and deeper voice
B) Enlargement of female breast tissue
C) Growth of hair on the face and chest
D) Development of the penis and testicles

Question 21

Which are expected physical assessments finding for a middle-aged adult?

A) Difficulty hearing female voices
B) Diminished breath sounds bilaterally
C) Gradual loss of senses of taste and smell
D) Need for reading glasses to see small print
E) Decreased ability to solve practical problems

Question 22

Which assessment finding leads the nurse to include the risk for delayed development nursing diagnosis in the care plan for an infant?

A) The baby's father works from home
B) The baby has three older sisters at home
C) The baby was born at only 30 weeks' gestation
D) The baby cannot tolerate formula that contains lactose

Question 23

The nurse is caring for an adolescent with a BMI of 22 and the nursing diagnosis imbalanced nutrition,more than body requirements related to caloric intake greater than metabolic needs.Which nursing interventions will the nurse use to help the adolescent achieve a balanced diet?

A) Use sugary treats as a reward for getting good grades in school.
B) Encourage the adolescent to gradually increase physical activity.
C) Recommend intake of at least 2 to 3 L of water each day.
D) Remind the adolescent of how body image affects relationships.
E) Encourage the adolescent to eat breakfast every day before school.

Question 24

Which abilities are required for moral development of the child?

A) Accept social responsibility.
B) Perform repetitive motion responses.
C) Respect the integrity and rights of others.
D) Integrate principles of justice and fairness.
E) Use symbols and objects for abstract thinking.