Deck 20: Alterations in Respiratory Function

Question 1

Following parental teaching, the nurse is evaluating the parents' understanding of environmental control for their child's asthma management. Which statement by the parents indicates appropriate understanding of the teaching?
1) "We will replace the carpet in our child's bedroom with tile."
2) "We're glad the dog can continue to sleep in our child's room."
3) "We'll be sure to use the fireplace often to keep the house warm in the winter."
4) "We'll keep the plants in our child's room dusted."

Answer 1

1

Question 2

Parents of a child admitted with respiratory distress are concerned because the child won't lie down and wants to sit in a chair leaning forward. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1) "This helps the child feel in control of his situation."
2) "The child needs to be encouraged to lie flat in bed."
3) "This position helps keep the airway open."
4) "This confirms the child has asthma."

Answer 2

3

Question 3

The toddler is admitted to the hospital during an acute asthma attack. The physician orders: methylprednisolone 80 mg infused IV push every 3 hours.
Medication on hand: methylprednisolone 125 mg/2 mL
Calculate how many ml of methylprednisolone the patient will receive.

Answer 3

1.28 mL

Question 4

The nurse is providing care to an infant in the emergency department. Upon assessment, the infant is noted to have to be experiencing tachypnea, wheezing, retractions, and nasal flaring. The infant is irritability and the parents state the infant has had poor fluid intake for two days. Pulse ox reading is currently at 85 percent on room air. The infant's blood gas is pending. Which diagnosis does the nurse anticipate for this infant?
1) Bronchitis
2) Bronchiolitis
3) Pneumonia
4) Active pulmonary tuberculosis

Question 5

A nurse delegates the task of neonatal vital-sign assessment to a nurse technician. Which instruction will the nurse give to the technician prior to assign care?
1) Report any neonate using abdominal muscles to breathe.
2) Report any neonate with apnea for 10 seconds.
3) Count respirations for 15 seconds and multiply by 4 to get the rate for 1 minute.
4) Report any neonate with a breathing pause that lasts 20 seconds or longer.

Question 6

A child is showing signs of acute respiratory distress. Which position will the nurse place this child?
1) Upright
2) Side-lying
3) Flat
4) In semi-Fowler's

Question 7

The nurse educator is teaching a group of nursing students how to perform a respiratory assessment for a newborn in the newborn intensive care unit (NICU) diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Which normal characteristics of the newborn's respiratory system increase the risk for obstruction? Select all that apply.
1) Shorter and narrower airway
2) Higher trachea
3) Bronchial branching at different angles
4) Inadequate smooth muscle bundles
5) Diaphragmatic breather

Question 8

Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for an infant with acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
1) Activity Intolerance
2) Decreased Cardiac Output
3) Pain, Acute
4) Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective (peripheral)

Question 9

A newborn is suspected of having cystic fibrosis. As the child is being prepared for transfer to a pediatric hospital, the mother asks the nurse which symptoms made the practitioner suspect cystic fibrosis. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1) Steatorrheic stools
2) Constipation
3) Meconium ileus
4) Rectal prolapse

Question 10

A child with asthma will be receiving an oral dose of prednisone. The order reads prednisone 2 mg/kg per day. The child weighs 50 lbs. The child will receive ________ milligrams daily. (Round the answer.)
Round the answer to the nearest whole number.

Question 11

The practitioner changes the medications for the child with asthma to salmeterol (Serevent). The mother asks the nurse what this drug will do. The nurse explains that salmeterol (Serevent) is used to treat asthma because the drug produces which characteristic?
1) Decreases inflammation
2) Decreases mucous production
3) Controls allergic rhinitis
4) Dilates the bronchioles

Question 12

A child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. The child's oximetry reading is 88 percent upon admission to the pediatric floor. Which is the priority nursing intervention for this child?
1) Obtain a blood sample to send to the lab for electrolyte analysis.
2) Begin oxygen per nasal cannula.
3) Medicate for pain.
4) Begin administration of intravenous fluids.

Question 13

A child is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB). Which nursing intervention is the priority for this child?
1) Administer nebulized epinephrine and oral or IM dexamethasone.
2) Administer antibiotics and assist with possible intubation.
3) Swab the throat for a throat culture.
4) Obtain a sputum specimen.

Question 14

A school nurse is planning care for a school-age child recently diagnosed with asthma. Which items will the school nurse include in the plan of care at the school? Select all that apply.
1) Maintain a log of quick-relief medication administration.
2) Call the parents if quick-relief medications work appropriately.
3) Assess for symptoms of exercise-induced bronchospasm.
4) Coordinate education of the child's teachers.
5) Conduct a support group for all children with asthma.

Question 15

The nurse is assessing a school-age client who experienced blunt force trauma to the chest when an airbag deployed following a motor vehicle crash. Which areas of assessment are essential for this client? Select all that apply.
1) Monitor responsiveness and behavior.
2) Monitor SpO₂.
3) Auscultate the lungs for crackles, wheezes, decreased breath sounds.
4) Document input and output.
5) Note changes in voice quality or coughing.

Question 16

The nurse is teaching a group of mothers of infants about the benefits of immunization. Which immunization will the nurse teach to the mothers that can assist in preventing the life-threatening disease epiglottitis?
1) Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
2) Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB)
3) Hepatitis B
4) Polio

Question 17

The nurse is providing care to an infant who is diagnosed with bronchiolitis. Which breath sounds indicate the infant is experiencing respiratory distress? Select all that apply.
1) Tachypnea
2) Wheezing
3) Grunting
4) Retractions
5) Eupnea

Question 18

A nurse is assessing a neonate. Which assessment finding indicates that the neonate's respiratory status is worsening?
1) Acrocyanosis
2) Arterial CO₂ of 40
3) Periorbital edema
4) Grunting respirations with nasal flaring

Question 19

A child is prescribed rifampicin for treatment of tuberculosis. For which length of time will the nurse tell the parents that this child must remain on the medication?
1) 2 months
2) 4 months
3) 6 months
4) 8 months

Question 20

The nurse is teaching the parents of a newly diagnosed cystic fibrosis patient how to administer the pancreatic enzymes. How often will the nurse teach the parents to administer the enzymes?
1) Two times per day
2) With meals and snacks
3) Every 6 hours around the clock
4) Four times per day

Question 21

A 3-year-old has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. The guardians asked the nurse what respiratory symptoms they should expect to see. What will the nurse tell the guardians? Select all that apply.
1) Purulent nasal discharge
2) Frequent infections
3) Mottled nail beds
4) Chronic moist, productive cough
5) Increased fertility