Deck 17: Using Persuasive Strategies

Question 1

4 When Ramone spoke about the need for regular health check-ups,he was so knowledgeable,so trustworthy,and so energetic in his delivery that everyone responded quite positively to his speech.What aspect of a good persuasive delivery did Ramone demonstrate?

A)mythos
B)logos
C)pathos
D)ethos

Answer 1

D

Question 2

7 The type of reasoning which compares one thing,person,or process with another to predict how something will perform and respond is reasoning by

A)syllogism.
B)deduction.
C)induction.
D)analogy.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

1 The audience's perception of a speaker's competence,trustworthiness,and dynamism is called

A)character.
B)credibility.
C)charisma.
D)personality.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

2 What is Aristotle's term for speaker credibility?

A)logos
B)pathos
C)ethos
D)credos

Question 5

16 Reasoning that suggests that because everyone else believes something or is doing something,then it must be valid,accurate,or effective is a

A)causal fallacy.
B)bandwagon fallacy.
C)hasty generalization.
D)red herring.

Question 6

20 In the introduction to her persuasive speech,Fran said: "There was a time when I thought I would never have a job,a decent life,a boyfriend,or any pleasure in life.But,after working as an intern at Channel 3,I know what I really want to do with my life and that gives me great satisfaction.I encourage you all to become interns,so that you,too,can discover that there is something in life that inspires passion in you...that you're willing to work for...to work hard for...to be successful...to be happy." What type of message did this speaker effectively use in this introduction?

A)an appeal to credibility
B)an appeal to reason
C)an appeal to emotion
D)an appeal to a common myth

Question 7

8 What is the term for using specific instances or examples to reach a general,probable conclusion?

A)probability
B)validity
C)inductive reasoning
D)mythos

Question 8

17 When a persuasive speaker attacks the person supporting an issue rather than the issue itself,which fallacy is the speaker committing?

A)non sequitur
B)hasty generalization
C)ad hominem
D)bandwagon

Question 9

13 When speakers attempt to persuade without adequate evidence or use arguments that are irrelevant or inappropriate,they are using an)

A)opinion.
B)deduction.
C)fallacy.
D)inference.

Question 10

18 A politician calls a press conference when he is being accused of taking bribes while in office.Instead of addressing this issue,the politician speaks about the evils of child pornography.What fallacy is this politician committing?

A)red herring
B)appeal to misplaced authority
C)hasty generalization
D)either/or

Question 11

Marty's persuasive speech was about gun control and school violence.He made the statement,"Either we take guns out of the hands of everyone in this country,except the police and military,or we can expect massacres in schools all over this country." This kind of argument represents an

A)bandwagon fallacy.
B)ad hominem fallacy.
C)appeal to misplaced authority.
D)either/or fallacy.

Question 12

3 Quintilian,a Roman teacher of public speaking,felt that effective public speakers should be

A)polished and prepared in the speaking situation.
B)charming and charismatic.
C)people of good character.
D)quick-witted.

Question 13

12 Opinions can serve as evidence if they are

A)shared by a majority of the audience.
B)inoffensive.
C)well researched and eloquently phrased.
D)expressed by an expert who can add credibility to your conclusion.

Question 14

9 What type of inductive reasoning occurs when two things are so closely related that the existence of one thing means that the other thing will happen?

A)reasoning by sign
B)deductive reasoning
C)reasoning by analogy
D)generalization

Question 15

6 ________ credibility is established by giving careful thought to your appearance,establishing eye contact,and informing the audience of your credentials and accomplishments before you speak.

A)Initial
B)Derived
C)Terminal
D)Deserved

Question 16

19 While watching TV,Traci sees a commercial in which a famous actor endorses a political candidate.This is an example of

A)an appeal to misplaced authority.
B)a non sequitur.
C)a bandwagon fallacy.
D)a red herring fallacy.

Question 17

11 What is the term for a conclusion based on available evidence?

A)fact
B)example
C)inference
D)opinion

Question 18

10 When you develop an argument with a major premise,a minor premise,and a conclusion,you are using

A)a generalization.
B)a syllogism.
C)an analogy.
D)causal reasoning.

Question 19

15 In a speech to the neighborhood watch group,Mr.Simmons made the following statement: "If you see someone running down the sidewalk in our neighborhood and you don't recognize that person,you can assume that person has committed some type of crime.You must act immediately.Do not hesitate for a second.Call 911." Some members of the audience recognized this statement as an example of

A)a causal fallacy.
B)causal reasoning.
C)deductive reasoning.
D)a bandwagon fallacy.

Question 20

5 The factor in a speaker's credibility that refers to his/her being perceived as energetic is known as

A)competence.
B)trustworthiness.
C)dynamism.
D)charisma.

Question 21

31 Ad hominem is an attack on irrelevant personal characteristics of the person who is proposing an idea,rather than the idea itself.

Question 22

23 In Jayla's persuasive speech advocating gun control,she began by asking her audience members to raise their hands if they were in favor of gun control.What type of audience was Jayla most likely speaking to?

A)a receptive audience
B)a neutral audience
C)an unreceptive audience
D)a hostile audience

Question 23

35 A myth is a shared belief based on the underlying values,cultural heritage,and faith of a group of people.

Question 24

32 The red herring fallacy is used when someone attacks an issue by using irrelevant facts or arguments as distractions.

Question 25

25 Which of the following does your text state is the MOST basic organizational pattern for a persuasive speech?

A)refutation
B)problem-solution
C)effect-cause
D)cause-effect

Question 26

36 A demagogue is a speaker who attempts to gain power or control over others by using impassioned emotional pleas and appealing to listeners' prejudices.

Question 27

37 In her speech,Janie told the audience "Just like most of you,I struggle with paying for college textbooks.That is why I am advocating for more book rental options through the campus bookstore." Janie is persuading a receptive audience by telling them exactly what she wants them to do.

Question 28

27 The bandwagon fallacy is a faulty cause-and-effect connection between two things or events.

Question 29

38 When persuading a receptive audience,you should clearly state your speaking objective.

Question 30

40 When persuading an unreceptive audience,you should immediately announce that you plan to change their minds.

Question 31

21 As United Nations representatives,Shanthy and Miles were determined to establish an early warning system for tsunami threats.They had personally seen the devastation in their homeland of Sri Lanka in December 2004,and knew they had the power to affect change.In their speeches before the UN,they showed heartbreaking pictures and the tragic amateur videos from tourists when the tsunami struck.In the end,they were able to persuade the audience to consider the proposal for an early warning system.Which tip did they follow for using emotions to persuade?

A)They used emotion-arousing images to trigger audience response.
B)They used an appeal to evoke feelings of hope and pride.
C)They used concrete facts that appealed to the audience's logic.
D)They used an argument organized by problem and solution.

Question 32

29 The either/or fallacy is the oversimplification of an issue into a choice between only two outcomes or possibilities.

Question 33

26 A fallacy is false reasoning that occurs when someone attempts to persuade without adequate evidence or with arguments that are irrelevant or inappropriate.

Question 34

33 A non sequitur occurs when a speaker uses the testimony of an expert to endorse an idea or product for which the expert does not have the appropriate credentials or expertise.

Question 35

22 Shared beliefs held by a group of people that are based on their cultural heritage,values,and faith are known as

A)hope.
B)reverence.
C)myths.
D)pride.

Question 36

24 Which of the following is an approach a speaker can use to gain the attention of a neutral audience and keep its members interest?

A)Clearly state your speaking objective.
B)Do not immediately announce that you plan to change their minds.
C)Consider making understanding rather than advocacy your goal.
D)Relate your topic not only to your listeners but also to their families,friends,and loved ones.

Question 37

39 When persuading a neutral audience,you should ask listeners for an immediate show of support.

Question 38

28 The causal fallacy is reasoning that suggests that because everyone else believes something or is doing something,then it must be valid or correct.

Question 39

34 Non sequitur is Latin for "it does not follow."

Question 40

30 A hasty generalization is a conclusion reached without adequate evidence.

Question 41

45 The goal of using ________ organization for a persuasive speech is to convince your listeners that one event triggered another.

Question 42

47 What is a fallacy? List and describe three types of common fallacies.

Question 43

42 The theory that suggests that emotional responses can be classified along the dimensions of pleasure,arousal,and dominance is the _______ theory.

Question 44

41 Reasoning that arrives at a general conclusion from specific instances or examples is known as _______ reasoning.

Question 45

43 In order to get members of an)_______audience to listen to you,it helps to acknowledge the opposing points of view that members of your audience may hold.

Question 46

Explain the three types of audiences you will encounter when presenting a persuasive message and offer three suggestions to adapt to each type of audience.

Question 47

List and describe the three types of credibility and discuss how a speaker can enhance credibility at each level.

Question 48

List five tips for using emotion to persuade.

Question 49

44 To use ________ as a strategy for persuasion,you first identify objections to your position that your listeners might raise and then overcome those objections with arguments and evidence.

Question 50

41 ________ is an element of credibility that deals with a speaker's energy and is often projected through delivery.

Question 51

Explain the two basic approaches you can take when using the cause and effect organizational strategy and provide an example of how you could use each.