Deck 4: Speaking Freely and Ethically

Question 1

8 In 1989,the Supreme Court overturned a statute that made burning the United States flag illegal because the Court

A)found it to be a "speech act" protected by the First Amendment.
B)felt that it was what the American public wanted them to do.
C)was persuaded by the Berkeley Free Speech movement.
D)was not able to get enough support in the legislature to uphold the statute.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

5 In the United States,_____ speech is legally protected.

A)libelous
B)no
C)free
D)slanderous

Answer 2

C

Question 3

7 The U.S.Constitution states,"Congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of speech." This is part of the

A)First Amendment.
B)Fourth Amendment.
C)Fifth Amendment.
D)Tenth Amendment.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

4 According to the National Communication Association,_______ is fundamental to responsible thinking,decision making,and the development of relationships and communities within and across contexts,cultures,channels,and media.

A)free speech
B)truth
C)ethnocentric communication
D)ethical communication

Question 5

3 ______ speaker is one whom an audience perceives to be competent,knowledgeable,dynamic,and trustworthy.

A)A charismatic
B)An objective
C)A fair
D)A credible

Question 6

10 Tee gave an informative speech on the poor quality of local drinking water.During his speech,Tee brought in a test kit and presented statistics that proved the local water was unsafe for drinking.He advised his class to purchase a certain type of water filter-pitcher guaranteed to remove the impurities.At the end of his speech,he mentioned that he worked for the company that made the pitcher and had them for sale.What mistake did Tee make?

A)Tee used too much evidence and reasoning for an informative speech.
B)Tee's speech was actually illegal,as he was advertising in class.
C)Tee used coercion when suggesting that the audience buy the product from him.
D)Tee violated the ethical guideline of having a responsible goal for a speech.

Question 7

2 _____ is a speaker's believability.

A)Cadence
B)Credibility
C)Charisma
D)Accountability

Question 8

9 What act,passed one month after 9/11/2001,has been widely criticized by civil rights,free speech,and publishing groups?

A)Alien and Sedition Act
B)Homeland Security Act
C)Terrorist Control Act
D)Patriot Act

Question 9

1 ________ are the beliefs,values,and moral principles by which we determine what is right or wrong.
E)Laws
F)Ethics
G)Truths h.Rules

Question 10

12 Speakers who use false claims to tug at the emotions of the audience,instead of using sound evidence and logical arguments,are examples of

A)untrustworthy speakers.
B)unimaginative speakers.
C)ineffective speakers.
D)unethical speakers.

Question 11

18 Simply put,the act of plagiarizing is

A)failing to have a clear goal.
B)using faulty evidence.
C)stealing ideas.
D)failing to be tolerant of differences.

Question 12

17 Ralph found an excellent source for his speech on organic gardening,and used the author's scientific evidence on earthworms and ladybugs in his speech outline.Is this ethical?

A)No; this is unethical because it is patchwork plagiarism.
B)No; this is unethical because Ralph is not an expert in organic gardening.
C)Yes; this is ethical as long as Ralph accurately states the information.
D)Yes; this is ethical as long as Ralph cites his source orally within the speech.

Question 13

20 Lisa had to write a 10-page paper for her Art History class,but she was suffering from a serious case of writer's block.She became so frustrated that she decided to borrow her roommate's paper,change a few details,and pass it off as her own.Is this ethical?

A)Yes,she changed enough to make it her own.
B)No,you should never look at someone's paper,even for ideas.
C)No,she stole her roommate's paper,pure and simple.
D)Yes,the professor should not have asked her to write a paper that long.

Question 14

11 Eric wanted to use an excerpt from a Nightline episode,as both an audio/visual aid and a source for his speech.However,one of the guests on the show presented a viewpoint that discredited the premise of Eric's speech.Eric decided he better edit this guest out of the clip before he used it.Was this an ethical use of evidence?

A)Yes; this kind of "sound biting" goes on all the time and is completely ethical.
B)No; in order to use evidence ethically it is important to present the audience with all the information that will help them reach a sound decision.
C)Yes; this technique is ethical because the speaker has the audience's best interest at heart.
D)No; by editing the show,Eric is plagiarizing Nightline-a serious ethical violation.

Question 15

19 Which of the following would NOT need to be cited?

A)a direct quotation from a source
B)statistical information
C)common knowledge
D)a picture downloaded off the Internet

Question 16

15 While researching his speech,Gabe found a tragic story about a young girl who died from a drunken driving accident.In presenting his speech,Gabe told the story as if this girl was his sister.The speech was quite moving and afterward everyone told Gabe how sorry they were for his family.At this time,he told them it wasn't really his sister but thought that telling it that way was more effective for this speech.Why is this unethical?

A)Gabe violated an ethical principle that requires speakers to avoid plagiarism.
B)Gabe violated an ethical principle that requires speakers to be tolerant of differences.
C)Gabe violated an ethical principle that requires speakers to be honest.
D)Gabe violated an ethical principle that requires speakers to do their own work.

Question 17

13 In the introduction of her persuasive speech,Tori tells a hypothetical story and makes it sound as if it had actually happened to her.Is this appropriate?

A)Yes,because it will have strong emotional appeal which will sway her audience.
B)Yes,because the overall goal of her speech is still clear and responsible.
C)No,because only factual stories should be used as introductory devices.
D)No,because she is violating an ethical principle which requires that speakers be honest.

Question 18

14 The use of hypothetical illustrations within a speech are

A)acceptable only when other evidence cannot be found to support the speech.
B)acceptable to show what might happen,as long as the speaker is clear that it is hypothetical.
C)unacceptable because they are unethical and deceptive.
D)unacceptable to use in a speech,especially if factual,current evidence is available.

Question 19

16 Lifting key passages from sources you do not credit in your speech is an unethical practice known as

A)paraphrasing.
B)misquoting.
C)attribution.
D)plagiarism.

Question 20

6 What must balance the right to free speech?

A)the responsibility to speak effectively
B)the responsibility to speak ethically
C)the responsibility of citing sources
D)the responsibility of addressing diversity

Question 21

40 Patchwriting is failing to give credit for compelling phrases taken from another source.

Question 22

23 With regard for those "gray areas" of ethics pertaining to the use of sources in a speech,it is suggested that when in doubt,

A)document all of your sources in a speech.
B)omit sources from your speech.
C)include sources in a written bibliography,but do not cite them orally.
D)use common knowledge rather than published sources.

Question 23

28 Ethical public speaking is inherently audience-centered.

Question 24

31 If you use someone else's idea or opinion in a speech,you do not need to credit the source unless you quote that person verbatim.

Question 25

37 Making an effort to understand the needs,feelings,backgrounds,and interests of the audience members can help you be a better,more ethical speaker.

Question 26

32 If your overall objective is to inform or persuade,it is probably ethical; if your goal is to coerce or manipulate,it is unethical.

Question 27

21 Marty is having problems coming up with an idea for a speech.He knows his fraternity keeps files of old tests,papers,and speeches and decides to look through these for an idea.He finds a great speech about bats,their value to ecology,and their habitat.He likes this speech so much that he decides to use it largely intact but goes to the Internet to update the sources.Which of the following statements best describes this situation?

A)This is an ethical violation known as plagiarism.
B)This is a violation of individuals' freedom of speech.
C)This is not plagiarism because the fraternity's files are general knowledge.
D)This is not plagiarism; it is an example of good time management.

Question 28

36 You should NOT make statements in your speech that promote stereotypes or can be offensive to others.

Question 29

38 The best way to be ethical is to assume your audience has all the same values and beliefs as you.

Question 30

30 A socially responsible goal is one that gives the listener choices.

Question 31

27 While it is a freedom,free speech is not protected by law.

Question 32

39 A hypothetical illustration is considered unethical because it is false information.

Question 33

29 If speakers choose to exercise their right to free speech,they are no longer responsible for the guidelines of ethical speaking.

Question 34

26 Ethical considerations should guide every step of the public speaking process.

Question 35

24 In a speech on breast cancer,you decide to use the latest information from the National Breast Cancer Foundation website,www.nationalbreastcancer.org.According to your text,which of the following is the best way to cite this source in your speech?

A)"According to www.nationalbreastcancer.org..."
B)"According to National Breast Cancer Foundation researchers,in their October 2004 article titled,'NBCF Supports M.
D)Anderson Cancer Center's Breakthrough Cancer Research',found at www.nationalbreastcancer.org..."
C)"A 2011 research study presented on The National Breast Cancer Foundation's website stated..."
D)These sources should only be cited in the bibliography,not during the speech.

Question 36

25 Patrick was giving a speech on Henry the VIII and when he used information that was not original,he simply made "air quotes" with his fingers.Is this the proper way to cite sources?

A)Yes,the air quotes indicated the material was quoted.
B)Yes,air quotes are the least obtrusive way to indicate the use of quoted material.
C)No,he did not provide proper source information including the author,source,and date.
D)No,he should have said "quote,unquote" instead.

Question 37

34 It is sometimes tempting to resort to false claims to gain power over others,but it is always unethical to do so.

Question 38

35 You are still ethical if you avoid presenting information that could be potentially damaging to your case.

Question 39

33 Accommodation means that speakers must abandon their own convictions.

Question 40

22 When citing your sources orally in a speech,you should

A)say "quote,unquote."
B)make quote signs with your fingers.
C)state briefly the author,title,and date.
D)give the full Internet address.

Question 41

41 ______ are the beliefs,values,and moral principles by which people determine what is right or wrong.

Question 42

What guidelines should you practice when integrating an oral citation? Write a sample oral citation.

Question 43

Give an example of a historical event that impacted free speech in the twentieth century.

Question 44

44 Free speech is protected by the _____ Amendment.

Question 45

Discuss what accommodation in public speaking means-what it is,and what it is not.

Question 46

45 During World War I,the U.S.Supreme Court ruled that it was lawful to _______ speech that presented a "clear and present danger" to the nation.

Question 47

46 Discuss what it means to be a credible speaker and the role ethics plays in credibility.

Question 48

43 The right to speak freely must be balanced with the obligation to speak _____.

Question 49

48 What are the guidelines for an ethical speaker?

Question 50

42 The student who refuses to cheat on a test,the employee who will not call in sick to gain an extra day of vacation,and the property owner who does not claim more storm damage than she actually suffered have all made choices based on _____.