Deck 9: Organizing and Outlining Your Speech

Question 1

12 Paul describes how hunger is a world-wide problem,and then explains that there is a hunger problem in America.Finally,he describes a family suffering in his hometown.The principle of supporting material organization that Paul employs here is the

A)primacy-recency principle.
B)complexity principle.
C)"soft" to "hard" evidence principle.
D)specificity principle.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

13 For your persuasive speech endorsing assisted suicide,you decide to first provide a definition of the term and talk generally about the current status of the problem.You then plan to bring up individual incidents in which assisted suicides have prevented needless suffering.Which strategy of support material organization does this plan reflect?

A)complexity
B)specificity
C)primacy
D)"soft" to "hard" evidence

Answer 2

B

Question 3

18 Words and phrases,such as "in addition," "in other words," and "therefore," are examples of

A)verbal transitions.
B)organizational material.
C)nonverbal transitions.
D)summary statements.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

11 A speech organizational pattern which goes one step beyond cause-and-effect to discuss ways to solve an effect is called

A)the motivated sequence.
B)a problem-solution pattern.
C)an extended cause-effect pattern.
D)a chronological pattern.

Question 5

7 If a speaker identifies a situation and then discusses the impact of that situation,the speaker has used a

A)topical pattern.
B)chronological pattern.
C)cause-effect pattern.
D)spatial pattern.

Question 6

3 Organizing ideas within a speech according to the order in which they occurred or should occur is considered a

A)topical pattern.
B)chronological pattern.
C)spatial pattern.
D)cause-effect pattern.

Question 7

17 Transitions,previews,and summaries are all examples of

A)signposts.
B)main ideas.
C)supporting material.
D)organization.

Question 8

15 Mandy's "save the whales" speech was very effective because she started off with stories about her personal experience with whales,then she moved into facts,statistics,and sources.Which principle of support material organization did Mandy effectively use in her speech?

A)complexity
B)specificity
C)primacy
D)"soft" to "hard" evidence

Question 9

5 Organizing speech ideas according to direction and location is considered a

A)topical pattern.
B)chronological pattern.
C)spatial pattern.
D)cause-effect pattern.

Question 10

10 A speech topic that presents an issue that needs resolving can best be organized as

A)a topical pattern.
B)a recency pattern.
C)a problem-solution pattern.
D)a chronological pattern.

Question 11

9 Bianca began her speech with a vivid description of a typical waiting area in an emergency room of a public hospital.She described the different areas of the emergency room and where each part of the emergency room was located in relationship to the other parts.What
Organizational pattern can you identify in Bianca's speech?

A)chronological
B)spatial
C)topical
D)cause-effect

Question 12

20 Telling your audience your main ideas before you begin to develop your speech is an example of a

A)summary statement.
B)connector.
C)preview.
D)verbal transition.

Question 13

14 In his speech on varying explanations of how the earth came into existence,Eduardo begins with opinions,moves to inferences,and uses scientific facts in support of his last point.What principle of supporting material organization is Eduardo reflecting in his speech?

A)primacy-recency
B)"soft" to "hard" evidence
C)complexity
D)specificity

Question 14

1 When you present the most important or convincing idea first in your speech,you are using the principle of

A)primacy.
B)specificity.
C)complexity.
D)recency.

Question 15

4 When explaining the progress of molecular discoveries,Shanthani began by discussing Mendel's studies of 1866 about inheritance of biological traits in peas,ending with the recent information about human genome project.Which pattern of organization would best suit Shanthani's speech?

A)topical
B)spatial
C)chronological
D)cause-effect

Question 16

6 In her presentation to the school board about plans for the new physical fitness facility,Ms.Anderson described the location of the various workout areas,gyms,locker rooms,and physical therapy facilities.Which organizational pattern was Ms.Anderson using in her presentation?

A)topical
B)spatial
C)problem-solution
D)chronological

Question 17

8 Deanna makes the claim in her persuasive speech that unregulated car emissions in major urban areas contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer,which contributes to global warming.Which type of organizational pattern is reflected in this example?

A)cause-effect
B)topical
C)problem-solution
D)spatial

Question 18

19 A planned pause in a speech may be used as

A)a time to catch your breath.
B)a nonverbal transition.
C)an internal preview.
D)an effective filler.

Question 19

2 For her informative speech,Abigail wanted to tell her audience what they need to consider when purchasing a new computer.Which organizational pattern lends itself best to this topic?

A)topical
B)spatial
C)chronological
D)cause-effect

Question 20

16 Organizational cues for your audience's ears are known as

A)relevant movements.
B)markers.
C)supports.
D)signposts.

Question 21

An internal preview is a statement in the body of a speech that introduces and outlines ideas that will be developed as the speech progresses.

Question 22

38 Internal summaries are often used in combination with internal previews to form transitions between major points and ideas.

Question 23

26 The principle of primacy suggests that you discuss your most important or convincing point first in your speech.

Question 24

36 A signpost is a verbal but NOT a nonverbal)signal that a speaker is moving from one idea to the next.

Question 25

33 Soft evidence rests on opinion or inference.

Question 26

30 Chronological organization involves either forward or backward progression.

Question 27

21 In Daryl's speech on football,he tells the audience in the introduction that he is going to discuss the history of the sport,some of the rules,and the cardiovascular benefits of playing football.What type of signpost is Daryl demonstrating?

A)a transition
B)a preview
C)an internal summary
D)an external summary

Question 28

27 According to the principle of recency,the point discussed first is the one the audience will remember best.

Question 29

On the whole,U.S.speakers tend to be more linear and direct than speakers from Semitic,Asian,Romance,or Russian cultures.

Question 30

Three types of signposts can serve as glue to hold your speech together: transitions, previews,and summaries.

Question 31

29 Historical speeches and how-to speeches are the two kinds of speeches that are usually organized chronologically.

Question 32

34 Hard evidence includes factual examples and statistics.

Question 33

24 Writing down your main ideas,subpoints,and supporting material,then using geometric shapes and arrows to indicate logical relationships is a technique known as

A)brainstorming.
B)laddering.
C)mapping.
D)graphing.

Question 34

40 Standard outline form lets you see at a glance the exact relationship among various main ideas,subpoints,and supporting material in your speech.

Question 35

23 In her speech on name recall,April says: "You should now understand the three most recommended methods for improving your ability to recall people's names: the repetition method,the word-association method,and the visual imagery method.I hope you will put these methods into practice and you will remember my name the next time you see me in the hall." What device is April making use of in her speech?

A)a transition
B)a preview statement
C)an internal summary
D)a final summary

Question 36

31 If your audience knows about an action or program that has been implemented but does not know the reason for its implementation,you would most likely select a chronological pattern of organization.

Question 37

25 The speech outline which contains the specific purpose,the introduction,all main ideas with supporting material,and a conclusion is the

A)numerical outline.
B)delivery outline.
C)preparation outline.
D)preliminary outline.

Question 38

22 In addition to using a preview at the beginning of the speech,speakers can use _______ previews at various points throughout the speech.

A)miniature
B)internal
C)spatial
D)summative

Question 39

28 If your main ideas range from simple to complicated,it makes sense to arrange them in order of complexity,progressing from the more complex to the simplest.

Question 40

39 You should write you preparation outline in phrases like those you will use when delivering your speech.

Question 41

List and provide an example for the six types of signposts.

Question 42

41 ______ organization is by time or sequence.

Question 43

List and explain the specific organizational strategies for organizing supporting
evidence.

Question 44

42 ______organization is based on location or position.

Question 45

44 When you use geometric shapes to sketch how all the main ideas,subpoints,and supporting material of a speech relate to the central idea and to one another,you are using a technique called ______.

Question 46

43 ______ organization focuses on a situation and its causes or a situation and its effects.

Question 47

45 From your detailed preparation outline,you will eventually develop ______,a shorter outline that you will use when you deliver your speech.

Question 48

List the three rules for correct outlining and provide an example for each rule.

Question 49

List the two types of speech outlines and explain their purpose.

Question 50

List and describe the five patterns for organizing the main ideas of a speech.