Deck 17: Costing Systems- Job Order Costing

Question 1

The types of computations for costs to be transferred out of Work in Process Inventory differ if the production process involves multiple departments rather than a single department.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Few actual production processes fit the definitions of job order costing or process costing exactly.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Job order costing is used by companies that make large or unique products.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A basic part of a job order costing system is the set of procedures and entries used to record the costs incurred for materials,labor,and overhead.

Question 5

When a job has been completed,all of the costs assigned to that job order are moved to the Finished Goods Inventory account.

Question 6

The production process determines the product costing system needed.

Question 7

Unique products are produced in a continuous flow production process.

Question 8

Job order cost cards for incomplete jobs make up the subsidiary ledger for the Finished Goods Inventory account.

Question 9

In a job order costing system,indirect labor costs are transferred to the Overhead account by increasing the Factory Payroll account and decreasing the Overhead account.

Question 10

In a job order costing system,the Factory Payroll account is a clearing account.

Question 11

In a job order costing system,when supplies are issued from inventory to production,the Overhead account is increased.

Question 12

In a job order costing system,indirect labor costs incurred are charged to the Work in Process Inventory account.

Question 13

In a job order costing system,the transfer of overhead costs to the Work in Process Inventory account must take place before product unit costs can be computed.

Question 14

In a job order costing system,when overhead costs are applied,they increase the Work in Process Inventory account.

Question 15

Unlike a job order costing system,a process costing system is not restricted to one Work in Process Inventory account.

Question 16

In a job order costing system,at the end of the accounting period,the balance in the subsidiary ledger for unfinished jobs should equal the ending balance in the Work in Process Inventory account.

Question 17

In a job order costing system,when the goods are sold,the Cost of Goods Sold account is increased,and the Finished Goods Inventory account is decreased for the selling price of the goods sold.

Question 18

Costs for individual jobs are maintained on job order cost cards when job order costing is in use.

Question 19

The typical product costing system in a factory incorporates parts of both job order costing and process costing to create a hybrid system.

Question 20

In a job order costing system,product costs are traced to work cells.

Question 21

If applied overhead exceeds actual overhead,cost of goods sold must be reduced by the amount of the overcharge in a job order costing system.

Question 22

Regardless of the cost accounting system used,when the products are completed,they are transferred from work in process inventory to finished goods inventory.

Question 23

After a job is completed,the product unit cost can be determined from the job order cost card.

Question 24

The type of product costing system used by a company is dictated by the

A) project manager.
B) production process.
C) company president.
D) plant supervisor.

Question 25

When the amount of overhead applied differs from actual,the dollar amount it is usually written off to

A) Cost of Goods Sold.
B) Work in Process Inventory.
C) Finished Goods Inventory.
D) Miscellaneous Expense.

Question 26

Which of the following is not an objective of product costing systems?

A) To provide information for cost planning
B) To assist in the preparation of the income statement
C) To determine the optimal amount of products to manufacture
D) To provide information for product pricing

Question 27

Product costs appear on the income statement in the form of

A) cost of goods sold.
B) materials inventory.
C) sales commissions.
D) none of these.

Question 28

A zero balance in Finished Goods Inventory at the start of the period means all previously completed products have been shipped.

Question 29

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a job order costing system?

A) Uses only one Work in Process Inventory account
B) Uses job cost cards to keep track of each job in process
C) Assigns costs to specific batches of products
D) Measures costs for a set time period

Question 30

Job costs in a service organization end up in the Finished Goods Inventory account when a job is completed.

Question 31

Accounting for the incurrence of __________ does not change significantly between job order costing and process costing.

A) selling expenses
B) direct materials and conversion costs
C) direct materials costs
D) conversion costs

Question 32

Which of the following products probably would be manufactured using a job order costing system?

A) Paper
B) Baseball
C) Computer monitors
D) Company business cards

Question 33

The flow of costs into a Work in Process Inventory account is very similar for job order and process costing systems.

Question 34

In a job order costing system,a separate job order cost card is used for each individual job.

Question 35

Which of the following accurately describes a difference between job order and process costing systems?

A) In job order costing systems, overhead costs are treated as product costs, whereas in process costing systems, overhead costs are treated as period costs.
B) Job order costing systems do not need to assign costs to production, whereas process costing systems do.
C) In job order costing systems, costs are traced to products, whereas in process costing systems, costs are traced to processes, departments and work cells.
D) Since costs are assigned to products in a job order costing system, selling costs are treated as product costs in the job order costing system, whereas they are treated as period costs in process costing systems.

Question 36

A job order cost card is a type of subsidiary ledger.

Question 37

In a service organization using a job order costing system,actual overhead will be the same as applied overhead.

Question 38

To prepare financial statements at the end of the accounting period,the actual overhead cost for the period and the estimated overhead that was applied during the period must be reconciled in a job order costing system.

Question 39

In cost-plus contracts,the "plus" is the sales price.

Question 40

The ending balance in the Work in Process Inventory account is supported by individual Overhead account balances.

Question 41

When direct materials are issued from inventory to production under a job order costing system,an increase is recorded in

A) Overhead.
B) Work in Process Inventory.
C) Materials Inventory.
D) Finished Goods Inventory.

Question 42

Costs assigned to the building of a house should appear on the income statement when

A) the house is completed.
B) the house is sold.
C) the purchase order to manufacture the house is received.
D) cash is collected for the sale of the house.

Question 43

The balance in the Work in Process account equals the

A) balance in the Finished Goods Inventory account.
B) balance in the Cost of Goods Sold account.
C) balances on the job cost sheets of uncompleted jobs.
D) balance in the Overhead account.

Question 44

The following partially completed T accounts summarize the transactions of Carlton Company for last year: At the end of the year,the company closes out the balance in the Overhead account to Cost of Goods Sold.
The cost of goods manufactured is

A) $59,600.
B) $61,600.
C) $62,600.
D) $63,600.

Question 45

Unit costs for each job are computed by dividing

A) estimated total costs by planned units to be produced.
B) actual costs by actual units sold.
C) cost of direct materials, direct labor, and overhead by number of units produced.
D) estimated total costs by actual units produced.

Question 46

If the applied overhead is more than actual overhead,which of the following is part of the entry?

A) A credit to the Overhead account
B) A debit to the Overhead account
C) A debit to the Cost of Goods Sold account
D) A debit to the Work in Process Inventory account

Question 47

Service organizations incur little or no cost for

A) applied overhead.
B) actual overhead.
C) materials.
D) labor.

Question 48

Applied overhead exceeds actual overhead when the

A) Overhead account has a credit balance.
B) journal entry to account for the difference involves a debit to Cost of Goods Sold.
C) Overhead account has a debit balance.
D) company has overspent in the overhead cost area.

Question 49

The following information is available at the end of May: $\begin{array}{lr}\text { Balance in work in process on May 1 } & \$ 141,800 \\\text { Direct materials costs for May } & 174,500 \\\text { Direct labor costs for May } & 162,500\\\text { Overhead applied at rate of } 140 \% \text { of direct labor dollars } \end{array}$

$\text { Jobs completed during May: }$

$\begin{array}{lr}\text { Job 84 } & \$ 198,780 \\\text { Job 85 } & 102,520 \\\text { Job 86 } & 119,450 \\\text { Job 87 } & 93,150\end{array}$

$\text { Job } 88 \text { was not complete at the end of May }$

If $72,400 of materials were charged to Job 88's job cost card,how much overhead was applied to Job 88?

A) $35,100
B) $70,000
C) $72,400
D) $120,000

Question 50

The following partially completed T accounts summarize the transactions of Carlton Company for last year: At the end of the year,the company closes out the balance in the Overhead account to Cost of Goods Sold.
The cost of goods sold (after adjusting for under- or overapplied overhead)is

A) $64,600.
B) $65,600.
C) $66,600.
D) 67,600

Question 51

The balance in the Work in Process Inventory account on April 1 was $26,800,and the balance on April 30 was $22,600.Costs incurred during the month were as follows: direct materials,$41,250; direct labor,$21,300; and overhead,$32,600.What amount was transferred to the Finished Goods Inventory account for April?

A) $99,350
B) $4,200
C) $90,350
D) $121,950

Question 52

When Dimock Construction's Designer House #10 is completed,Dimock's

A) work in process is increased.
B) total assets are increased.
C) work in process is decreased.
D) total assets are decreased.

Question 53

The total of the dollar amounts on the job order cost cards that have not been completed would be equal to the

A) cost of goods completed.
B) balance in the Finished Goods Inventory account.
C) Cost of Goods Sold account.
D) balance in the Work in Process Inventory account.

Question 54

The following information is available at the end of the period for the completed Job 713: $$\begin{array} { l r } \text { Beginning balance } & \$ 1,500.00 \\\text { Direct materials } & 30,600 \\\text { Direct labor } & 24,500 \\\text { Overhead applied } & 41,700 \\\text { Adjustment - overapplied overhead } & 1,600 \\\\\text { Total number of units produced}& 30,000 \\\text { Total number of units sold}& 28,500\end{array}$$
What is the unit cost for Job 713?

A) $3.94
B) $3.89
C) $4.00
D) $4.09

Question 55

Under a job order costing system,the dollar amount of the entry involved in the transfer of goods from work in process to finished goods is the total of the costs charged to all jobs

A) started during the period.
B) completed and sold during the period.
C) completed during the period.
D) started and completed during the period.

Question 56

In a job order costing system,the subsidiary ledger for the Work in Process Inventory account consists of

A) time cards.
B) conversion cost cards.
C) job order cost cards.
D) product cost cards.

Question 57

The following partially completed T accounts summarize the transactions of Carlton Company for last year: At the end of the year,the company closes out the balance in the Overhead account to Cost of Goods Sold.
The indirect labor cost is

A) $6,000.
B) $13,000.
C) $16,000.
D) $31,000.

Question 58

If there is a credit balance in the Factory Payroll Payable at the end of the accounting period,it represents

A) the amount by which applied payroll was greater than actual payroll.
B) the amount by which actual payroll was greater than applied payroll.
C) labor costs which have not yet been distributed.
D) an amount that should be charged to Cost of Goods Sold.

Question 59

The _________ provide(s)the most direct means of calculating unit costs for a job.

A) job order cost card
B) Finished Goods Inventory account
C) general ledger
D) Overhead and Work in Process Inventory accounts

Question 60

The basic document for keeping track of costs in a job order costing system is a

A) job order cost card.
B) labor time card.
C) process cost report.
D) materials requisition form.

Question 61

Logan Company uses a job order costing system.A predetermined overhead rate of $7 per machine hour in Department A and 220 percent per direct labor dollar in Department B has been established based upon the following information at the beginning of the year:
$$\begin{array}{l}&\text { Department A}&\text { Dapartment B} \\\text { Estimated overhead } & \$ 4,600 & \$ 88,000 \\\text { Estimated machine hours } & 5,800 & 12,500 \\\text { Estimated direct labor dollars } & 40,000 & \$ 40,000 \\\text { Estimated direct labor hours } & 5,000 & 3,125\end{array}$$ Job 19 for 100 units is started in Department A and completed in Department B.Determine the total cost of Job 19 and complete the job cost card based on the following information:
$\begin{array}{lrr}&\text { Department A}&\text { Dapartment B} \\ \text { Direct materials } & \$ 800 & \$ 950 \\\text { Direct labor dollars } & \$ 490 & \$ 180 \\\text { Direct labor hours } & 30 & 12 \\\text { Machine hours } & 15 & 30\end{array}$

Question 62

During the first month of the current accounting period,Southern California Company experienced a devastating loss due to a fire.Many of the accounting records were lost and the company is now trying to recreate the lost information.Fragments of data found include the following:
1.A portion of the budget indicates that the overhead rate was $10 per direct labor hour.
2.Job 74 was in process and had incurred $9,600 of direct materials and $14,000 of direct labor (1,000 hours).The company has a single hourly wage rate.
3.During the month,4,500 direct labor hours were worked.
4.Actual overhead costs were $48,000.No indirect materials were used.
5.The Materials Inventory account had a beginning balance of $28,000 and an ending balance of $18,000.
6.The Finished Goods Inventory account had a beginning balance of $12,000 and an ending balance of $26,000.
7.The Work in Process Inventory account had a beginning balance of $17,000.
8.The Cost of Goods Sold is $171,000.
Calculate the following amounts:
a.Ending Work in Process Inventory account balance,Job No.74
b.Cost of goods completed
c.Amount of overhead under- or overapplied.
d.Direct materials used
e.Direct materials purchased

Question 63

Quicker Company uses a job order costing system.On May 1,Quicker Company's Work in Process Inventory account shows a beginning balance of $161,000.Production activity for May was as follows: Materials costing $91,000,along with operating supplies of $18,000,were requisitioned into production.Quicker Company's total payroll was $316,000,of which $77,000 was indirect labor.Overhead is applied at a rate of 120 percent of direct labor cost.Quicker's Cost of Goods Sold for the month of May was $692,000.Finished Goods Inventory was $71,500 on May 1 and $84,000 on May 31.(Quicker does not close out overhead accounts until year-end.)
a. Calculate Quicker's cost of goods completed for May.
b. Calculate Quicker's work in process ending inventory (May 31).
c. One of the jobs that was started in May, Job 266, was completed in June. Job 266 was 200 special-order lamps. The following costs had been applied to Job 266 as of June 1: direct materials, $1,400; direct labor, $1,800; overhead, $2,160. In June, $580 in direct materials cost and $900 of direct labor cost were added to complete Job 266. What was the cost per unit for Job 266? (Show your computations.)

Question 64

Pretty Pillows,Mfg.,manufactures silk throw pillows.Last month the company produced 3,890 pillows.Using job order costing,determine the product unit cost for one pillow based on the following costs: production facility utilities,$1,600; depreciation on production equipment,$650; indirect materials,$400; direct materials,$5,300; indirect labor,$1,000; direct labor,$3,500; sales commissions,$4,000; president's salary,$8,000; insurance on production facility,$1,000; advertising expense,$900; rent on production facility,$6,000; rent on sales office,$4,000; and legal expense,$600.Carry your answer to two decimal places.

Question 65

The following partially completed T accounts summarize the transactions of Carlton Company for last year: At the end of the year,the company closes out the balance in the Overhead account to Cost of Goods Sold.
The cost of direct materials used in production is

A) $12,000.
B) $13,000.
C) $16,000.
D) $20,000.

Question 66

The Work in Process Inventory account for Corbett Company for the month ended June 30 appears below.
$$\begin{array}{l}\text { Work in Procen is Inventory }\\\begin{array} { l | c } \hline \text { Beginning Balence } & \text { Completed } \\0 & 135,800 \\\text { Direct Materiels } & \\38,200 & \\\text { Direct Labor } \\48,000 & \\\text { Overhead } & \\86,400\end{array}\end{array}$$ Overhead is applied based on direct labor dollars.Direct material costs for the one job remaining in work in process on June 30 was $12,300.
a. What was the overhead rate used to apply overhead to jobs?
b. Determine the amount of direct labor charged to the one remaining job.

Question 67

As related to a job order costing system,answer the following short questions:
a. What is a job order costing system? Identify three kinds of companies that would use such as system.
b. What is a job order?
c. What is the purpose of a job order cost card? Identify the kinds of information recorded on it.

Question 68

In cost-plus contracts,the "plus" represents

A) sales price.
B) profit, based on the amount of costs incurred.
C) overapplied overhead costs.
D) the amount of any cost overruns.

Question 69

G.M.Richardson,CPA,entered into a cost-plus contract with Ivey Computer Services for software installation and Internet interfacing in her accounting practice.The following is Ivey Computer Services' job cost card for this job.Ivey's profit factor is 30 percent of total costs.Complete the following card,as indicated:

Question 70

Which of the following could not be learned by analyzing job order cost cards?

A) The balance of Work in Process Inventory at the end of the period
B) The cost of all jobs done for a particular customer
C) The completion time of jobs yet to be completed
D) The type of products ordered by a particular customer

Question 71

When a job is completed in a service organization,the job costs are transferred to the

A) Work in Process Inventory account.
B) Finished Goods Inventory account.
C) Cost of Goods Sold account.
D) Cost of Services account.

Question 72

Taylor Company manufactures guitars and uses a job order costing system with a predetermined overhead rate of 110 percent per direct labor dollar.
On September 11,20xx,Those Guys ordered 200 beginner guitars which were completed on October 13,20xx.The Job Order number is 1031.Complete the job order cost card based on the following information:
$$\begin{array} { l r r } & \text { September } & \text { October } \\\text { Direct materials } & \$ 1,800 & \$ 1,950 \\\text { Direct labor dollars } & \$ 1,500 & \$ 1,800 \\\text { Direct labor hours } & 100 & 120 \\\text { Machine hours } & 20 & 30\end{array}$$

Question 73

Morgan & Morgan is a small firm that assists clients in the preparation of their tax returns.The firm has five accountants and five researchers,and it uses job order costing to determine the cost of each client's return.The firm is divided into two departments: (1)Preparation and (2)Research & Planning.Each department has its own overhead application rate.The Preparation Department's rate is based on accountant labor costs and Research & Planning is based on the number of research hours.The following is the company's estimates for the current year's operations.
$\begin{array}{lrr}&\text { Preparation}&\text { Research \& }\\&&\text { Planning }\\\text { Accountant hours } & 8,000 & 3,000 \\\text { Research hours } & 0 & 3,000 \\\text { Accountant labor costs } & \$ 480,000 & \$ 135,000 \\\text { Materials and supplies } & 10,000 & 5,000 \\\text { Overhead costs } & 230,400 & 204,000\end{array}$
Client No.2006-713 was completed during April of the current year and incurred the following costs and hours:
$\begin{array}{lrr}&\text { Preparation}&\text { Research \& }\\&&\text { Planning }\\ \text { Accountant hours } & 30 & 4 \\\text { Research hours } & 0 & 8 \\\text { Materials and supplies } & 25 & \$ 15 \\\text { Accountant labor costs } & 1,800 & 180\end{array}$

a. Compute the overhead rates to be used by both departments.
b. Determine the cost of Client No. 2006-713, by department and in total.

Question 74

Explain the similarities and differences between job order costing and process costing.Focus on the characteristics of each type of system.

Question 75

Bear Country produces hand-carved wooden bears and uses a job order costing system.The following are data on the three jobs worked on in the company's first month of operations:
$$\begin{array} { l r r r } & \text { Smokey } & \text { Rocky } & \text { Curious } \\\text { Number of bears } & 180 & 100 & 80 \\\text { Direct labor hours worked } & 400 & 200 & 140 \\\text { Direct materials cost } & \$ 4,500 & \$ 2,700 & \$ 2,000 \\\text { Direct labor cost } & \$ 6,000 & \$ 3,000 & \$ 2,100\end{array}$$ Overhead cost is applied to job orders on the basis of direct labor hours at a predetermined rate of $10 per hour.The Smokey and Rocky bears were completed during the month,and the Curious bears remained in work in process at the end of the month.
a. Compute the cost transferred to finished goods during the month.
b. Compute the unit cost for a Rocky bear.

Question 76

Teddy's To Hug,produces Teddy Bears for heart patients.Last month the company produced 5,000 bears.Using job order costing,determine the product unit cost for one bear based on the following costs: production facility utilities,$600; depreciation on production equipment,$550; indirect materials,$450; direct materials,$1,300; indirect labor,$900; direct labor,$2,500; sales commissions,$3,000; president's salary,$5,000; insurance on production facility,$700; advertising expense,$600; rent on production facility,$5,000; rent on sales office,$3,000; and legal expense,$300.Carry your answer to two decimal places.

Question 77

The following partially completed T accounts summarize the transactions of Carlton Company for last year: At the end of the year,the company closes out the balance in the Overhead account to Cost of Goods Sold.
The applied overhead is

A) $28,000.
B) $29,000.
C) $30,000.
D) $40,000.