Deck 46: Human Sexuality: Sexual Development and Orientation

Question 1

In differentiating between the terms sex and gender,

A)sex refers to biological aspects of identity,and gender refers to psychological and social identity.
B)both terms gender and sex refer to one's sociocultural identity.
C)sex refers to sociocultural identity,and gender refers to biological identity.
D)none of these statements represent the terms correctly.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding sex and gender is FALSE?

A)Both sex and gender have a large impact on our relationships,health,and other aspects of our everyday lives.
B)One thing we never forget about a person is his or her sex.
C)Gender differences refer to biological characteristics,while sex differences refer to psychological and social factors.
D)If a person is a transsexual,then there are conflicts between his or her sex and their preferred psychological and social roles.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The dimension of sex which refers to X and Y chromosomes is called

A)gonadal sex.
B)hormonal sex.
C)genital sex.
D)genetic sex.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

If a person has a preponderance of androgens,then the person would be classified as a male,according to which dimension of sex?

A)genetic
B)gonadal
C)hormonal
D)genital

Question 5

After Gabe started out life biologically as a female named Gabrielle,he always felt that psychologically he was male,so he had a sex change operation and now lives as a male.Gabe

A)has a gender paraphilia.
B)has a heterophobia.
C)would be considered bisexual.
D)would be considered transsexual.

Question 6

Which of the following describes the term sex (as opposed to the term gender)?

A)gender identity
B)secondary sexual attitudes
C)biological sexual characteristics
D)roles of males and females in society

Question 7

Ms.Garratt,the health teacher at the junior high,is explaining the differences in male and female reproductive characteristics as well as the differences in males and females regarding their chromosomes.Ms.Garratt is teaching the class about

A)gender identity.
B)gender roles.
C)sex differences.
D)gender differences.

Question 8

Genetic sex refers to the

A)XX chromosomes in females or XY chromosomes in males.
B)ovaries in females or the testes in males.
C)predominance of estrogens in females or androgens in males.
D)vagina and clitoris in females and the penis and scrotum in males.

Question 9

One's biological classification as female or male is referred to as one's.

A)sex.
B)gender.
C)androgyny.
D)genetic gender potential.

Question 10

The psychological and social characteristics associated with being male or female are called

A)the sexual script.
B)genetic potential.
C)sex.
D)gender.

Question 11

Mrs.Hathorne,the tenth grade biology teacher,is explaining to her class that the 23rd pair of chromosomes is different in males and females.Males have an XY,and females have an XX.Mrs.Hathorne is describing which dimension of sex?

A)androgyny
B)gender identity
C)genetic sex
D)genital sex

Question 12

Sex as indicated by a preponderance of estrogens (female)or androgens (male)in the body refers to

A)genetic sex.
B)gonadal sex.
C)hormonal sex.
D)gender identity.

Question 13

Sex as indicated by the presence of ovaries (female)or testes (male)refers to sex.

A)genetic
B)gonadal
C)hormonal
D)genital

Question 14

A person with a deep conflict between his or her biological sex and preferred psychological and social gender roles is referred to as

A)gender dysfunctional.
B)homosexual.
C)transsexual.
D)bisexual.

Question 15

Gonadal sex refers to

A)XX chromosomes in females and XY chromosomes in males.
B)ovaries in females and the testes in males.
C)a preponderance of estrogens in females and androgens in males.
D)the vagina and clitoris in females and the penis and scrotum in males..

Question 16

Sex as indicated by the presence of a clitoris and vagina in females and a penis and scrotum in males refers to __________ sex.

A)genetic
B)gonadal
C)hormonal
D)genital

Question 17

Hormonal sex refers to the

A)XX chromosomes in females or XY chromosomes in males.
B)predominance of estrogens in females or androgens in males.
C)ovaries in females or testes in males.
D)clitoris and vagina in females or the penis and scrotum in males.

Question 18

Professor Constantine is discussing the four dimensions of sex with his psychology class.Which of the following is NOT one of the four dimensions he would discuss?

A)genetic sex
B)androgynous sex
C)hormonal sex
D)gonadal sex

Question 19

Genital sex refers to

A)XX chromosomes in females and XY chromosomes in males.
B)ovaries in females and the testes in males.
C)a preponderance of estrogens in females and androgens in males.
D)vagina and clitoris in females and the penis and scrotum in males..

Question 20

Four­year­old Maggie tells her grandmother that she knows that girls grow up to be "mommies," and they are very good at taking care of other people,while boys are brave and grow up to marry girls and get jobs and protect their families.Maggie is describing what she understands about

A)sex differences.
B)gender differences.
C)sexual scripts.
D)biological biasing effects.

Question 21

The female ovum carries

A)only X chromosomes.
B)only Y chromosomes.
C)X chromosomes in half of the ova and Y chromosomes in the other half.
D)both an X and a Y chromosome in each ovum.

Question 22

Concerning genetic sex,males normally have which chromosomal combination?

A)XXY
B)XY
C)XX
D)XYY

Question 23

Mr.Mears,the science teacher,explains to his class that females have ovaries that produce estrogens,while the male testes produce testosterone.Mr.Mears has just explained

A)genital sex and gender identity.
B)gonadal sex and hormonal sex.
C)hormonal sex and genital sex.
D)genital sex and gonadal sex.

Question 24

A child with Turner's syndrome

A)is considered to be genetically male.
B)has only one X chromosome and no additional X or Y chromosome.
C)is considered to be transsexual.
D)is characterized by all of these.

Question 25

A child that is born with an XY pair of chromosomes is genetically considered to

A)have Turner's syndrome.
B)have Klinefelter's syndrome.
C)be male.
D)be female.

Question 26

A child that is born with an XXY combination of chromosomes is genetically considered to

A)have Turner's syndrome.
B)have Klinefelter's syndrome.
C)be androgynous.
D)be bisexual.

Question 27

Roger was born with an XXY chromosome combination.As a result,when he matures,he may appear feminine,have undersized sexual organs,and be infertile.Roger

A)has Turner's syndrome.
B)has Klinefelter's syndrome.
C)would be considered transsexual.
D)would be considered bisexual.

Question 28

A child that is born with only one X chromosome and no additional X or Y chromosomes is genetically considered to

A)have Turner's syndrome.
B)have Klinefelter's syndrome.
C)be androgynous.
D)be transsexual.

Question 29

A child with Klinefelter's syndrome

A)is considered to be genetically female.
B)has only one X chromosome and no additional X or Y chromosome.
C)will appear feminine,have undersized sexual organs,and be infertile.
D)is characterized by all of these.

Question 30

A child with Klinefelter's syndrome

A)is considered to be genetically female.
B)has an XXY combination of chromosomes.
C)is considered to be transsexual.
D)is characterized by all of these.

Question 31

Regarding the dimensions of sex,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Gonadal sex refers to the ovaries or testes.
B)Genetic sex involves the XX or XY chromosome pairs.
C)Genital sex refers to the clitoris and vagina in females and the penis and scrotum in males.
D)Hormonal sex involves the thyroid glands in the female and the parathyroid glands in the male.

Question 32

Karen was born with only one X chromosome and no additional X chromosome or Y chromosome.As an adolescent,she may appear boyish and will most likely be infertile.Karen

A)has Turner's syndrome.
B)has Klinefelter's syndrome.
C)would be considered androgynous.
D)would be considered transsexual.

Question 33

Concerning genetic sex,females normally have which chromosomal combination?

A)XXY
B)XY
C)XX
D)XYY

Question 34

Four-year-old Mitzi is watching her mother change her little cousin Jeffrey's diaper.She immediately notices that Jeffrey looks differently under the diaper and questions her mother.Her mother tells her that little boys have a "penis," while little girls have a "vagina." Mitzi's mother has just explained which of the following to Mitzi?

A)gender identity
B)gonadal sex
C)genital sex
D)all of these

Question 35

A child with Turner's syndrome

A)is considered to be genetically female.
B)has an XXY combination of chromosomes.
C)is considered to be transsexual.
D)is characterized by all of these.

Question 36

The male sperm carries

A)only X chromosomes.
B)only Y chromosomes.
C)an X chromosomes in half of the man's sperm and a Y chromosomes in the other half.
D)both an X and a Y chromosome in each sperm cell.

Question 37

Regarding the genetic dimension of sex,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Two X chromosomes initiate male development,while an X chromosome plus a Y chromosome produces a female.
B)Genetic sex is determined at the instant of conception.
C)Genetic sex remains the same throughout life.
D)Some individuals begin life with too many or too few sex chromosomes.

Question 38

Regarding genetic sex,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Genetic sex is determined at the instant of conception and stays the same throughout life.
B)Males have XX chromosome pair,while females have an XY.
C)Persons with Turner's syndrome have only one X and no additional X or Y chromsomes.
D)Persons with Klinefelter's syndrome have an XXY chromosome combination.

Question 39

A child that is born with an XX pair of chromosomes is genetically considered to

A)have Turner's syndrome.
B)have Klinefelter's syndrome.
C)be male.
D)be female.

Question 40

Regarding genetic dimension of sex,which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)XX chromosomes initiate development of a male,and an XY pair produces a female.
B)Genetic sex is determined at the instant of conception.
C)Genetic sex switches three or four times prior to birth.
D)In Kleinfelter's syndrome,a girl is born with only one X chromosome and no Y chromosome.

Question 41

Female hormones are to estrogens as male hormones are to

A)androgens.
B)gonads.
C)menarches.
D)histogen.

Question 42

Chemical substances secreted by endocrine glands are called

A)hormones.
B)neurotransmitters.
C)gonadic transmitters.
D)endometrial secretions.

Question 43

The gonads are the

A)biological name for the sex cells.
B)biological term for the sex hormones.
C)sex glands.
D)single determinant of gender.

Question 44

Female hormones are known as

A)androgens.
B)estrogens.
C)adrenals.
D)gonads.

Question 45

The sex glands of both males and females are known as the

A)androgens.
B)hormones.
C)adrenals
D)gonads.

Question 46

Which of the following glands also secretes sex hormones?

A)adrenal glands
B)pineal glands
C)thalamus
D)thyroid glands

Question 47

Critical to the prenatal development of the male and female anatomy is the

A)presence of an extra chromosome at pair 21 in males.
B)secretion of estrogen and other hormones by the adrenal glands.
C)hormonal stimulation of various brain structures during the embryonic period.
D)presence or absence of testosterone before birth.

Question 48

Male hormones are known as

A)androgens.
B)estrogens.
C)adrenals.
D)gonads.

Question 49

Regarding prenatal development,there is no structural difference between males and females in the first

A)trimester
B)six weeks
C)12 weeks
D)four months

Question 50

Regarding sexual development,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)For the first two trimesters of prenatal growth,genetically female and male embryos look identical.
B)Genetic sex is determined at conception.
C)Nature's primary impulse is to make a female.
D)In the absence of testosterone,embryos will develop female sex organs and genitals,regardless of their genetic sex.

Question 51

Development of male genitals before birth is largely due to the presence of

A)two X chromosomes.
B)testosterone.
C)estrogens.
D)the bulbo-urethral gland.

Question 52

Regarding sexual development,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)For the first six weeks of prenatal growth,genetically female and male embryos look identical.
B)A genetic male will not develop male genitals if too little testosterone is available.
C)If a genetic female has an inherited androgen insensitivity,female genitals will not develop even when estrogen is present.
D)Hormonal problems before birth may produce an intersexual person.

Question 53

Which of the following is one of the androgens secreted mainly by the male sex organs and is responsible for the development of many male sexual characteristics?

A)thyroxin
B)epinephrine
C)testosterone
D)progestin

Question 54

Regarding sex hormones,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Everyone normally produces both estrogens and androgens.
B)Sex differences are related to the proportion of estrogens and androgens in the body.
C)Prenatal development of male or female anatomy is largely due to the presence or absence of estrogen.
D)The adrenal hormones also supply sex hormones in both females and males.

Question 55

Regardless of genetic sex,the embryo will develop female organs and genitals in the absence of

A)testosterone.
B)estrogen.
C)adrenaline.
D)noradrenaline.

Question 56

Androgens are

A)male sex hormones.
B)female sex hormones.
C)male reproductive structures.
D)female reproductive structures.

Question 57

The gonads in the female are the

A)Cowper's glands.
B)uterus and cervix.
C)testes.
D)ovaries.

Question 58

Because they secrete estrogens and androgens,sexual development and behavior are affected by the

A)gonads.
B)pituitary gland.
C)thyroid glands.
D)pineal gland.

Question 59

The gonads in the male are the

A)Cowper's glands.
B)Bartholin glands.
C)testes.
D)ovaries.

Question 60

Which of the following does NOT secrete sex hormones?

A)testes
B)thyroid glands
C)ovaries
D)adrenal glands

Question 61

A developing female may be masculinized by the anti-miscarriage drug known as

A)acetylcholine.
B)progestin.
C)thalidomide.
D)histamine.

Question 62

The sexual and reproductive organs,including the vagina,ovaries,and uterus in females and the penis,testes,and scrotum in males,make up a person's

A)primary sexual characteristics.
B)secondary sexual characteristics.
C)biological biasing effect.
D)gender differences.

Question 63

For both genetic females and males,hormonal problems before birth may produce an individual who has ambiguous sexual anatomy,a condition referred to as a(n)person.

A)transsexual
B)intersexual
C)bisexual
D)homosexual

Question 64

An intersexual person has

A)no androgens present.
B)no internal sexual organs.
C)no external reproductive organs.
D)ambiguous sexual anatomy.

Question 65

The anti-miscarriage drug progestin and a problem known as congenital adrenal hyperplasia may cause a developing female to

A)develop Turner's syndrome.
B)become masculinized.
C)develop Klinefelter's syndrome.
D)reach puberty as early as six years of age.

Question 66

A developing female may be masculinized by the condition known as

A)Klinefelter's syndrome.
B)Down syndrome.
C)androgen insensitivty.
D)congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Question 67

Androgen insensitivity in the presence of testosterone results in

A)female development.
B)male development.
C)gender biasing.
D)bisexuality.

Question 68

Primary sexual characteristics would include which of the following?

A)breast development
B)the growth of body hair
C)the vagina in females and the penis in males
D)all of these

Question 69

Primary sexual characteristics refer to

A)all those physical structures and psychological traits influenced by the sex hormones.
B)the development of breasts and body shape in the female,and changes in hair development and voice in the male.
C)the sexual and reproductive organs themselves.
D)the psychological and social characteristics associated with being male or female.

Question 70

Androgen insensitivity in males and the anti-miscarriage drug progestin or congenital adrenal hyperplasia in females would result in the person

A)having Turner's syndrome.
B)reaching puberty by age six.
C)having Klinefelter's syndrome.
D)being intersexual.

Question 71

Which of the following conditions occurs when a female child's body produces estrogen,but a genetic abnormality causes the adrenal glands to release too much androgen,which results in this female child being born with genitals that are more male than female?

A)congenital adrenal hyperplasia
B)androgen insensitivity
C)Down syndrome
D)Klinefelter's syndrome

Question 72

Which of the following occurs first developmentally?

A)gender identity
B)secondary sexual characteristics
C)primary sexual characteristics
D)reproductive maturity

Question 73

An inherited disorder in which male embryos fail to develop male genitals because of an unresponsiveness to testosterone refers to

A)gender biasing effect.
B)androgen insensitivity.
C)congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
D)biological biasing effect.

Question 74

Which of the following is NOT an example of a primary sexual characteristic?

A)vagina
B)penis
C)scrotum
D)breasts

Question 75

Female development may even occur in males before birth when testosterone is present if the male child has an inherited condition that makes him unresponsive to testosterone.This inherited condition is known as

A)congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
B)gender biasing.
C)biological biasing.
D)androgen insensitivity.

Question 76

Elaine has just had a baby.The doctor tells her that her baby is intersexual.This means that Elaine's baby

A)has ambiguous sexual anatomy.
B)has no internal reproductive organs.
C)has no external reproductive organs.
D)will most likely become bisexual or homosexual as an adult.

Question 77

Intersexual persons have

A)ambiguous sexual anatomy.
B)a very high sex drive.
C)no sex drive at all.
D)no external reproductive organs.

Question 78

Mrs.Holstein,the sex education teacher,tells the class that at puberty,changes will begin to occur in the bodies of both males and females.Females will experience breast development,their hips will broaden,and their overall body shape will change.Males will grow facial hair and their voices will deepen.Mrs.Holstein is explaining

A)primary sex characteristics.
B)secondary sex characteristics.
C)the biological biasing effect.
D)the unfolding of the sexual scripts.

Question 79

Secondary sexual characteristics include

A)the development of breasts and body shape in the female and changes in hair development and voice in the male.
B)the sexual and reproductive organs in males and females.
C)the development of appropriate sex roles.
D)menarche and menopause in women.

Question 80

Before birth if a male child receives too little testosterone,which condition may result?

A)Turner's syndrome
B)intersexuality
C)androgen insensitivity syndrome
D)congenital adrenal hyperplasia