Deck 72: Social Psychology: Pro-Social Behavior

Question 1

Phillip meets Lydia in class and is interested in getting to know more about her.In social psychology,Phillip's affinity for Lydia would be called

A)social exchange.
B)interpersonal attraction.
C)an actor-observer bias.
D)social compliance.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Behaviors,such as love,attraction,friendship,and empathy would be regarded as behaviors.

A)prosocial
B)companionate
C)mutual interdependent
D)ethnocentric

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Petra often volunteers her time at the local nursing home to help the director with various activities for the residents.She also helps in the nursery at her church.Petra is exhibiting

A)empathic arousal.
B)social exchanges.
C)prosocial behaviors.
D)mutual interdependence.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In general,we are attracted to people who

A)we are familiar with.
B)are different from ourselves in many ways.
C)are honest with us about our faults and shortcomings.
D)we feel superior to or who can be strongly influenced by us.

Question 5

The need to associate with other people is based upon all of the following EXCEPT the desire

A)for attribution.
B)to alleviate fear and anxiety.
C)for approval,support,and friendship.
D)to think about ourselves through a comparison with others.

Question 6

Any behavior that has a negative impact on other people is referred to as

A)harassment.
B)segregation.
C)antisocial behavior.
D)aggression.

Question 7

Behaviors,such as aggression,prejudice,and discrimination would be considered behaviors.

A)social exchange
B)antisocial
C)ethnocentric
D)emotionally apathetic

Question 8

Regarding interpersonal attraction,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Deciding whether you would like to know another person can happen very quickly,sometimes within just minutes of meeting.
B)The closer people live to each other,the more likely they are to become friends.
C)We assume that attractive people are also likable,intelligent,warm,witty,mentally healthy,and socially skilled.
D)In everything from casual acquaintance to marriage,people who are different from each other tend to be attracted to each other.

Question 9

Regarding interpersonal attraction,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)We tend to randomly choose the people we encounter and become friends with.
B)Interpersonal attraction is the basis for most voluntary social relationships.
C)Our choice of friends and even lovers is based to a great extent on physical proximity.
D)We look for friends and lovers who will be kind and understanding and who appear to have attractive personalities.

Question 10

One reason why actors costarring in movies together often become romantically involved is due to which factor of interpersonal attraction?

A)social exchange
B)self-disclosure
C)familiarity
D)social comparison

Question 11

We look for friends and lovers who

A)are kind and understanding and have attractive personalities.
B)are completely different in temperament from ourselves.
C)will be honest about our flaws and shortcomings.
D)exhibit all of these characteristics.

Question 12

Which of the following is the basis for most voluntary social relationships?

A)social comformity
B)social exchange
C)interpersonal attraction
D)temperament

Question 13

Prosocial behaviors are actions that

A)are helpful to others.
B)may encourage aggression.
C)change the social behavior of others.
D)influence what happens in group situations.

Question 14

The desire to associate with others describes our need to

A)affiliate.
B)dominate others.
C)be acknowledged.
D)conform.

Question 15

Regarding human behavior,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Humans are engaged in a perennial struggle for survival against one another.
B)We cooperate with the people around us at least as much as we are in conflict with them.
C)We affiliate to help us think about ourselves by comparing ourselves with others.
D)Humans seek the company of others to alleviate their fear or anxiety.

Question 16

Any behavior that has a positive impact on other people is referred to as

A)interpersonal attraction.
B)affiliation.
C)prosocial behavior.
D)socialization.

Question 17

Which of the following are based on the human desires for approval,support,friendship,and love as well as a desire to alleviate fear and anxiety?

A)need to affiliate
B)need for achievement
C)need for power
D)need to conform

Question 18

Physical proximity increases attraction because it

A)increases frequency of contact.
B)enhances social comparisons.
C)establishes common norms.
D)reduces development of incompatible roles.

Question 19

Familiarity,similarity,and physical attractivenss are factors that influence

A)attribution and obedience.
B)social comparison.
C)passive compliance.
D)interpersonal attraction.

Question 20

Actions that are constructive,altruistic,or helpful to others are known as

A)prosocial behaviors.
B)empathic arousal.
C)social exchange behaviors.
D)mutual interdependence.

Question 21

For most people,there is a similarity in background,age,interests,attitudes,and beliefs with

A)the casual acquaintances they talk to at work.
B)their friends.
C)the individuals they marry.
D)all of these individuals.

Question 22

The factor of physical proximity in interpersonal relationships implies all of the following EXCEPT that people are more likely to

A)become friends if they live close to each other.
B)date people they meet at work or in their neighborhoods.
C)be attracted to the people that they talk to on a regular basis,either in-person or in Internet chat rooms.
D)overlook or become enemies with people they see on a daily basis.

Question 23

Which of the following is the tendency to overgeneralize a favorable impression of a person,such as viewing an attractive person as more intelligent or likable than a less attractive person?

A)reciprocity
B)the halo effect
C)homogamy
D)the fundamental attribution error

Question 24

Similarity on three dimensions is the general rule for most friendships.Which of the following is NOT one of these three main dimensions?

A)same age
B)of the same sex
C)same ethnicity
D)same income level

Question 25

Regarding interpersonal attraction,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Reciprocity may be the most important factor influencing the development of friendships.
B)In choosing a mate we tend to marry someone who is like us in almost every way,a pattern called homogamy.
C)Proximity promotes attraction by increasing the frequency of contact between people.
D)Most people find it easier to initiate an interaction with another person rather than reciprocate to someone else's overtures.

Question 26

Regarding interpersonal attraction,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Lovers like to think they have found the "one and only" person in the universe for them,but,in reality,they have probably found the best match in a five-mile radius.
B)Most people assume attractive people are less likable,less intelligent,less warm,and less mentally healthy than the average person.
C)In everything from casual acquaintance to marriage,similar people are attracted to each other because it is reinforcing to see one's beliefs and attitudes shared by others.
D)The Internet is making it increasingly easier to stay in constant "virtual contact," which is leading to more and more long-distance friendships and romances.

Question 27

Regarding interpersonal attraction,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Physical attractiveness may be the most important factor influencing the development of friendships.
B)In choosing a mate we tend to marry someone who is like us in almost every way,a pattern called homogamy.
C)Proximity promotes attraction by increasing the frequency of contact between people.
D)Most people find it easier to reciprocate to someone else's overtures than to be the initiator.

Question 28

Marla and Janice are friends,who talk a lot,laugh at each other's jokes,share secrets,and help each other as well as displaying other similar exchanges of feelings,thoughts,and things.Marla and Janice are exhibiting which factor of interpersonal attraction?

A)mutual absorption
B)proximity
C)reciprocity
D)diffusion of responsibility

Question 29

When people respond to each other in similar ways,which factor in interpersonal attraction is taking place?

A)reciprocity
B)homogamy
C)unilateral exchange
D)social conformity

Question 30

Regarding interpersonal attraction,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Similarity is a factor in interpersonal attraction because it is reinforcing to see our beliefs and attitudes shared by others.
B)The general rule for friendships is that friends will be similar in age,sex,and ethnicity.
C)In choosing a mate,we tend to marry someone who is like us in almost every way.
D)Unmarried couples who are living together tend to be complete opposites of each other.

Question 31

Regarding physical attractiveness,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Beauty is a factor mainly in the initial acquaintance with more meaningful qualities gaining in importance later.
B)Beautiful people are generally rated as less intelligent and less likable than average due to other people's jealousy.
C)Physical beauty is generally unrelated to actual personal traits,intelligence,and talents.
D)As you discover that someone has a good personality,he or she will even start looking more attractive to you.

Question 32

According to your textbook,the most important factor influencing the development of friendships is

A)reciprocity.
B)similarity.
C)proximity.
D)physical attractiveness.

Question 33

Physically attractive people are generally assumed to be more intelligent,warm,witty,and likeable.This is an example of

A)social comparison.
B)the halo effect.
C)discrimination.
D)the fundamental attribution error.

Question 34

Which factor of interpersonal attraction refers to how alike you are to another person in background,age,interests,and beliefs?

A)similarity
B)cohesiveness
C)proximity
D)social conformity

Question 35

Reciprocity is defined as

A)a stable and positive emotional bond.
B)the similar exchange of feelings,thoughts,or things between people.
C)the personal standard used to evaluate rewards and costs in a social exchange.
D)a relationship based on intimacy but lacking passion and commitment.

Question 36

The fact that there does seem to be a "boy­next­door" or "girl­next­door" effect in romantic attraction illustrates which factor of interpersonal attraction?

A)physical attractiveness
B)self-disclosure
C)physical proximity
D)social comparison

Question 37

Regarding interpersonal attraction,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)People who marry are usually highly similar in religion and ethnic background and to a lesser degree in mental abilities,status,height,weight,and eye color.
B)The pattern of homogamy applies to both married couples as well as unmarried couples who are living together.
C)The factor of similarity has not been shown to play a major role in the development of close friendships or even one's casual acquaintances.
D)Beautiful people are generally rated as more appealing than average due,in part,to the halo effect.

Question 38

A selection committee was interviewing applicants for a new position in the media department of the college.The psychologist on the committee found it very interesting that a majority of the committee believed that the applicant who was a former beauty queen was the most intelligent,likeable,and socially skilled of all the applicants,although two of the other candidates had considerably more education and experience with college publications.The majority of the committee is exhibiting

A)the fundamental attributional error.
B)the halo effect.
C)the social exchange theory.
D)cognitive dissonance.

Question 39

The halo effect,which is the tendency to overgeneralize a favorable impression of a person,is most related to which factor in interpersonal attraction?

A)physical attractiveness
B)reciprocity
C)physical proximity
D)similarity

Question 40

The tendency we have to marry someone who is similar to us in almost every way is called

A)monogamy.
B)status equalities.
C)homogamy.
D)the actor-observer bias.

Question 41

Romantic love involves all of the following EXCEPT

A)interpersonal attraction.
B)emotional arousal.
C)mutual absorption.
D)commitment.

Question 42

Married couples in lasting relationships are likely to be the most similar in which of the following characteristics?

A)age and education
B)attitudes and opinions
C)status and income level
D)height and weight

Question 43

The pattern of homogamy explains why

A)unmarried couples have different characteristics than married couples do.
B)married couples tend to be highly similar in terms of many characteristics.
C)men and women tend to look for different qualities in the people they date.
D)married couples with lasting relationships tend to be very different from each other in most of their characteristics,attitudes,and beliefs.

Question 44

Imagine standing in line at a store and having a stranger in front of you say,"Lately I have been thinking about how I really feel about myself.I think I am pretty well adjusted,but I occasionally have some questions about my sexual adequacy." This person has just illustrated

A)overdisclosure.
B)mutual exchange.
C)social comparison.
D)the actor-observer bias.

Question 45

You will tend to be less attracted and more suspicious of someone who is exhibiting

A)physical proximity.
B)self-disclosure.
C)superior competence.
D)overdisclosure.

Question 46

Moderate self-disclosure leads to

A)reciprocity and trust.
B)suspicion and reduced attraction.
C)anxiety and unhappiness.
D)conformity and obedience.

Question 47

Homogamy is the term used to describe the

A)civil union of a homosexual couple.
B)similarity of identical twins.
C)evolutionary origins of the human behavior patterns.
D)tendency we have to marry someone who is similar to us.

Question 48

A major step toward a deepening friendship involves

A)complementary needs matching.
B)sharing private thoughts and feelings.
C)avoiding self-disclosure.
D)overdisclosure.

Question 49

Unlike friendship,romantic love usually involves

A)an unbalanced social exchange.
B)lowered emotional arousal.
C)contrasting needs.
D)mutual absorption.

Question 50

Regarding self-disclosure,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Self-disclosure involves the sharing of private thoughts and feelings and requires a degree of trust.
B)Most people play it safe,or "close to the vest," with people they do not know well.
C)People are more likely to reveal themselves to persons who they like than to those they find unattractive.
D)Overdisclosure tends to lead to reciprocity and a deepening of the relationship.

Question 51

Which factor in interpersonal attraction is most related to the term homogamy?

A)reciprocity
B)similarity
C)physical attractiveness
D)proximity

Question 52

When you are "falling in love," you are experiencing

A)romantic love.
B)companionate love.
C)liking.
D)consummate love.

Question 53

Which of the following statements regarding overdisclosure is FALSE?

A)Overdisclosure involves disclosure that violates certain unspoken rules.
B)Overdisclosure can lead people to be distrustful of you.
C)Overdisclosure tends to result in reciprocity in social interactions.
D)Overdisclosure often occurs on social networking websites like Facebook.

Question 54

Connie and Rhonda are new employees at the company.In the past month since they were hired,they have developed a friendship as each confides to the other about their struggles to work and take care of family as well as their impressions of other employees.Their close relationship has developed because they chose to share their thoughts and feelings with each other.This is known as

A)self-disclosure.
B)social comparison.
C)empathic helping.
D)social exchange.

Question 55

According to social psychologists,which of the following is defined as affection without passion or deep commitment?

A)romantic love
B)liking
C)mutual absorption
D)reciprocity

Question 56

In establishing their friendship,Tanya and Mae reveal their private thoughts,feelings,and their personal histories to each other,a process known in social psychology as

A)exchange orientation.
B)social conformity.
C)self-disclosure.
D)groupthink.

Question 57

Overdisclosure often results in

A)growing trust and intimacy.
B)increased attraction.
C)suspicion and reduced attraction.
D)a tendency to respond in the same way.

Question 58

Excessive self-disclosure is a staple of many television talk shows.Guests frequently reveal intimate details about their personal lives.Viewers probably find such intimate disclosures entertaining rather than threatening,because the

A)television guests are strangers to the viewer.
B)television guests are viewed as sympathetic individuals who are seeking help from the talk show host.
C)viewer does not have to reciprocate with their own self-disclosure to these guests.
D)viewer has been desensitized by watching numerous talk shows and will not feel threatened by overdisclosure as non-TV talk show watchers.

Question 59

Regarding self-disclosure,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Self­disclosure is governed by unspoken rules about what's acceptable.
B)When self­disclosure is too rapid or inappropriate,we are likely to "back off" and wonder about the person's motives.
C)The reason that the excessive self-disclosure on many television talk shows is entertaining rather than threatening to viewers is because the television guests are strangers rather than friends.
D)People often feel freer to express their true feelings on social networking sites,which can lead to genuine,face-to-face friendships,but can also lead to some very dramatic overdisclosure.

Question 60

Sharing your own private thoughts and feelings with others is called

A)self-assertion.
B)dialectical autonomy.
C)self-disclosure.
D)introspection.

Question 61

Dana and Jon enjoy spending time together and talking about their future hopes and dreams as well as their concerns.According to Sternberg,their feelings of connectedness and mutual affection for each other is called

A)passion.
B)intimacy.
C)commitment.
D)romantic love.

Question 62

Even though Carla and Mark's relationship has been turbulent at times,they are determined to make their marriage work and "grow old" together.According to Sternberg,Carla and Mark are exhibiting

A)intimacy.
B)commitment.
C)a romantic delusion.
D)unwavering passion.

Question 63

According to Robert Sternberg,different forms of love arise from different combinations of three basic components.Which of the following is NOT one of those components?

A)intimacy
B)passion
C)commitment
D)affiliation

Question 64

With regard to romantic love,the nearly exclusive attention lovers give to one another is called

A)a social exchange.
B)intimacy.
C)passion.
D)mutual absorption.

Question 65

Regarding the idealization of one's romantic partner,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Relationships are most likely to persist when lovers idealize one another.
B)When a couple idealizes each other,it blinds them to their partner's faults.
C)Idealizing each other helps couples to create the relationship they wish for.
D)Those partners who express mutual absorption see their partners more realistically and idealize each other less.

Question 66

Regarding Sternberg's triangular theory of love,liking involves

A)intimacy only.
B)passion only.
C)commitment only.
D)none of these.

Question 67

Relationships are more likely to persist when lovers

A)have a personality that is different from their partner's.
B)base their relationship on passion.
C)realistically appraise their partner's strengths and weaknesses.
D)idealize their partner.

Question 68

Abe and Sandy have deep emotional and sexual feelings for each other,which Sternberg referred to as

A)intimacy.
B)romance.
C)passion.
D)a sexual commitment.

Question 69

Deep emotional and/or sexual feelings for another person are called

A)intimacy.
B)passion.
C)commitment.
D)romantic love.

Question 70

Feelings of connectedness and affection for another person are known as

A)intimacy.
B)passion.
C)commitment.
D)romantic love.

Question 71

Passion refers to

A)feelings of connectedness and affection for another person.
B)deep emotional and/or sexual feelings for another person.
C)the determination to stay in a long-term relationship with another person.
D)the nearly exclusive attention lovers give to one another.

Question 72

According to Robert Sternberg,different forms of love arise from different combinations of which three components?

A)intimacy,passion,and commitment
B)homogamy,affiliation,and social exchange
C)liking,loving,and similarity
D)self-disclosure,social comparison,and social exchange

Question 73

Robert Sternberg created the influential

A)"liking" and "love" scales.
B)social exchange theory.
C)triangular theory of love.
D)social comparison theory.

Question 74

The main difference between loving and liking is that loving involves which of the following,while liking does not?

A)self-disclosure
B)deep mutual absorption
C)reciprocity
D)all of these

Question 75

Commitment refers to

A)feelings of connectedness and affection for another person.
B)deep emotional and/or sexual feelings for another person.
C)the determination to stay in a long-term relationship with another person.
D)the nearly exclusive attention lovers give to one another.

Question 76

Intimacy refers to

A)feelings of connectedness and affection for another person.
B)deep emotional and/or sexual feelings for another person.
C)the determination to stay in a long-term relationship with another person.
D)the nearly exclusive attention lovers give to one another.

Question 77

Regarding Sternberg's triangular theory of love,nonlove involves

A)intimacy only.
B)passion only.
C)commitment only.
D)none of these components.

Question 78

Which of the following psychologists created the influential triangular theory of love?

A)Zick Rubin
B)Robert Sternberg
C)Stanley Schachter
D)Irving Janis

Question 79

The determination to stay in a long-term relationship with another person is known as

A)intimacy.
B)passion.
C)commitment.
D)romantic love.

Question 80

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be part of romantic love?

A)paying almost exclusive attention to one another
B)an egalitarian relationship that involves a solid commitment
C)a combination of intimacy and passion
D)a tendency to idealize one's partner