Deck 12: Solids

Question 1

Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is

A)less.
B)more.
C)the same.

Answer 1

more.

Question 2

The metal in a chunk of copper or iron is composed of

A)crystals.
B)non-crystalline fibers.
C)amorphous particles.
D)none of the above

Answer 2

crystals.

Question 3

A metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a mass of 15,000 kg. What is its volume?

A)0.33 cubic meters
B)3 cubic meters
C)5 cubic meters
D)15 cubic meters
E)none of the above

Answer 3

3 cubic meters

Question 4

Which ball is more elastic?

A)a common rubber ball
B)a steel ball
C)both the same

Question 5

If a loaf of bread is compressed its

A)density decreases.
B)density increases.
C)neither of these

Question 6

Which has the greater density?

A)a cup-full of fresh water
B)a lake-full of fresh water
C)both the same
D)need more information

Question 7

A metal block has a mass of 5 grams and a volume of 1 cubic centimeter. A piece of the same kind of metal with a volume of 2 cubic centimeters has a density of

A)2.5 g/cm³.
B)5 g/cm³.
C)10 g/cm³.

Question 8

If the mass of an object were doubled while its volume remained the same, its density would

A)be half.
B)double.
C)stay the same.
D)be four times as great.

Question 9

The density of a 2-cubic meter block of mass of 1000 kg is

A)100 kg/m³.
B)200 kg/m³.
C)500 kg/m³.
D)1000 kg/m³.
E)none of the above

Question 10

Which is the greater amount for medication measured by mass?

A)1 gram
B)1000 milligrams
C)both the same

Question 11

Compared to the volume of a kilogram of feathers, the volume of a kilogram of lead is

A)less.
B)more.
C)the same.

Question 12

Compared to a bar of pure gold, the density of a pure gold ring is

A)less.
B)the same.
C)slightly more.
D)much more.

Question 13

A metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block's mass?

A)1000 kg
B)2500 kg
C)5000 kg
D)10,000 kg
E)none of the above

Question 14

An iron block in a furnace is heated and consequently expands, which means that its density is

A)less.
B)the same.
C)more.

Question 15

If the volume of an object were doubled while its mass remained the same, its density would

A)be half.
B)double.
C)stay the same.
D)be four times as great.

Question 16

If you hold two objects that have the same weight density, then they

A)may have unequal mass densities.
B)have equal mass densities.
C)are equal in weight.

Question 17

When a chocolate bar is cut in half, its density is

A)halved.
B)unchanged.
C)doubled.

Question 18

Which ball will bounce higher off a hard surface?

A)a common rubber ball
B)a steel ball
C)both the same

Question 19

The crystals in matter are held together by

A)cohesive forces.
B)amorphous forces.
C)electrical bonding forces.
D)excess neutrons.

Question 20

The first evidence confirming the crystal structure of matter was

A)the citing of experiments by Nobel Prize-winning scientists.
B)testimonials by crystal-loving investigators.
C)X-ray diffraction patterns.

Question 21

A horizontal wooden beam sags a bit when supported at its ends. In between the top and bottom surfaces is a region of

A)tension.
B)compression.
C)neither of these

Question 22

An un-stretched hanging spring is 50 cm long. Suspending a 100-N block from it increases its length to 60 cm. Adding another 100-N block makes the spring's length

A)60 cm.
B)70 cm.
C)80 cm.
D)100 cm.
E)120 cm.

Question 23

You wish to drill a hole through a horizontal I-beam supporting a bridge. To weaken the beam the least drill the hole through the

A)upper flange.
B)lower flange.
C)web.
D)all the same

Question 24

Compared with a solid steel bar having a rectangular cross-section, an I-beam has the advantage of

A)being lighter.
B)being stronger per bodyweight.
C)both of these
D)neither of these

Question 25

When a load is placed on the middle of a horizontal beam supported at each end, the top part of the beam undergoes

A)tension.
B)compression.
C)either of these
D)none of these

Question 26

When weight is applied to the top of a stone arch, the stone blocks in the arch undergo

A)tension.
B)compression.
C)expansion.
D)none of the above

Question 27

The strength of a beam is most related to its

A)cross section.
B)length.
C)both of these

Question 28

When the curve of a vertical structure matches the inverted image of a drooping chain held at both ends, the curve is called a

A)parabola.
B)hyperbola.
C)catenary.

Question 29

Stone slabs are stronger under

A)tension.
B)compression.
C)both of these
D)none of these

Question 30

A strong spring is stretched 10 cm by a suspended block. If the block's weight is doubled, the spring will stretch to

A)15 cm.
B)20 cm.
C)40 cm.
D)its elastic limit.

Question 31

A weightless spring is stretched 10 cm by a suspended 1-kg block. If two such springs are used to suspend the block, one spring above the other, to effectively provide one double-length spring, then the total stretch of the double-length spring will be

A)5 cm.
B)10 cm.
C)20 cm.
D)30 cm.
E)none of the above

Question 32

The Gateway Arch in St. Louis, Missouri, is a

A)parabola.
B)hyberbola.
C)catenary.

Question 33

When a load is placed on a properly arched structure, compression

A)weakens the structure.
B)strengthens the structure.
C)neither of these

Question 34

When a load is placed on the middle of a horizontal beam supported at each end, the bottom part of the beam undergoes

A)tension.
B)compression.
C)either of these
D)none of these

Question 35

Support a horizontal toothpick at both ends. Then do likewise for a log of the same kind of wood. There is more sag in the

A)toothpick.
B)log.
C)same in each

Question 36

A beam is under stress when it carries a load. The part of a beam where no tension or compression occurs is the

A)upper or lower flange.
B)neutral layer.
C)neither of these

Question 37

A catenary in nature is evident in

A)eggs.
B)a necklace drooping between your fingers.
C)the domes of some modern buildings.
D)all of the above

Question 38

A spring is stretched 10 cm by a suspended 1-kg block. If two such springs side-by-side are used to suspend the 1-kg block, each spring will then stretch

A)5 cm.
B)10 cm.
C)20 cm.
D)30 cm.
E)none of the above

Question 39

The strength of a rope depends on its

A)thickness.
B)length.
C)both of these

Question 40

Doubling the thickness (diameter)of a rope will multiply its strength by

A)1/2.
B)1.
C)2.
D)3.
E)4.

Question 41

If a pencil's length and diameter are both multiplied by 10, then its volume is multiplied by

A)10.
B)100.
C)1000.
D)10,000.
E)none of the above

Question 42

Which has more skin?

A)an elephant
B)a mouse
C)both the same

Question 43

Which potatoes when peeled produce the most peelings?

A)10 kg of large potatoes
B)10 kg of small potatoes
C)both the same

Question 44

To make taffy apples, a candymaker buys 100 kg of large apples rather than 100 kg of small apples. That means she will need

A)less taffy.
B)more taffy.
C)the same amount of taffy.

Question 45

A creature that is scaled up in size, keeping its proportions,

A)will be stronger relative to its greater weight.
B)will be weaker relative to its greater weight.
C)both of these
D)neither of these

Question 46

Lillian sees a chair at the Exploratorium that has been scaled up by three. In attempting to lift it, she finds the chair is

A)three times as heavy.
B)six times as heavy.
C)nine times as heavy.
D)more than nine times as heavy.

Question 47

Which potato cooks faster in boiling oil?

A)a whole potato.
B)a sliced potato.
C)both the same

Question 48

If an elephant grows proportionally to twice its height, its weight would be multiplied by about

A)2.
B)4.
C)6.
D)8.
E)none of the above

Question 49

Which geometrical shape has the least surface area for a given volume?

A)cube
B)pyramid
C)cylinder
D)sphere
E)none of the above

Question 50

Flatten a spherical meatball into a hamburger and you increase its

A)surface area.
B)volume.
C)both of these
D)none of these

Question 51

Suppose you put a chocolate layer on pieces of candy. Compared with the amount of chocolate used to cover 1 pound of large pieces, if you cover 1 pound of smaller pieces you'll use

A)less chocolate.
B)the same amount of chocolate.
C)more chocolate.
D)makes no difference

Question 52

A 1-centimeter cubed sugar cube scaled up by a factor of 10 has a total surface area of

A)60 cm².
B)600 cm².
C)6000 cm².
D)none of the above

Question 53

An athlete can perform a certain number of pushups. The same athlete scaled up in size can do

A)fewer pushups.
B)the same number of pushups.
C)more pushups.

Question 54

Which has more skin compared to its body weight?

A)an elephant
B)a mouse
C)both the same

Question 55

A 1-centimeter cubed sugar cube scaled up by a factor of 10 has a volume of

A)10 cm³.
B)100 cm³.
C)1000 cm³.
D)none of the above

Question 56

If an elephant grows proportionally to twice its height, the area of its ears would be about

A)twice.
B)four times more.
C)six times more.
D)eight times more.
E)none of the above

Question 57

The weight of a 1-centimer cubed metal cube scaled up by a factor of 10 will be

A)ten times as much.
B)a hundred times as much.
C)a thousand times as much.
D)none of the above

Question 58

An elephant radiates less heat for its size than smaller animals because

A)its radiating area is small compared to its volume.
B)its radiating area is large compared to its volume.
C)it is taller than smaller animals.
D)it weighs more than smaller animals.

Question 59

One kilogram of peaches has more skin area than one kilogram of

A)blueberries.
B)grapefruits.
C)grapes.
D)all of the above

Question 60

Doubling the linear size of an object multiplies its area by

A)2 and its volume by 4.
B)4 and its volume by 8.
C)8 and its volume by 16.
D)none of the above

Question 61

The effects of scaling are beneficial to small creatures

A)that get wet.
B)that fall from great heights.
C)who are hungry.
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 62

The larger a turkey cooked in a conventional oven at a given temperature, the

A)more time per pound is needed.
B)less time per pound is needed.
C)the same time per pound is needed.

Question 63

If you bake cupcakes as directed for a cake, the cupcakes will be

A)over-baked.
B)under-baked.
C)properly baked.

Question 64

Eight little spheres of mercury coalesce to form a single sphere. Compared to the combined surface areas of the eight little spheres, the surface area of the big sphere is

A)less.
B)the same.
C)greater.

Question 65

When a living cell doubles in diameter, it has eight times the mass to be nourished, and the amount of membrane through which it feeds is

A)only twice as much.
B)only four times as much.
C)also eight times as much.
D)more than eight times as much.

Question 66

If a fictional shrinking man shrinks proportionately to 1/10 his original height, his weight will be multiplied by

A)0.1.
B)0.01.
C)0.001.
D)0.0001.
E)none of the above

Question 67

If each dimension of a steel bridge is scaled up ten times, its strength will be multiplied by about

A)ten and its weight by ten also.
B)one hundred, and its weight by one thousand.
C)one thousand, and its weight by one hundred thousand.
D)none of the above

Question 68

In cold weather, your hands will be warmer if you wear

A)gloves.
B)mittens.
C)both the same

Question 69

Eight little spheres of mercury coalesce to form a single sphere. Compared to the combined surface areas of the eight little spheres, the surface area of the big sphere is

A)one eighth.
B)one quarter.
C)one half.
D)the same.
E)double.

Question 70

The effects of scaling are beneficial to swimmers in a race who are relatively

A)large.
B)small.
C)neither of these

Question 71

A dome-shaped house is more heat efficient than a rectangular house because a dome has

A)no corners to radiate.
B)less interior space.
C)less area compared to its volume.
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 72

Compared to a 50-kg person, a 100-kg person at the beach requires

A)twice as much suntan lotion.
B)the same amount of suntan lotion.
C)less than twice as much suntan lotion.

Question 73

Tripling the linear size of an object multiplies its area by

A)3 and its volume by 9.
B)9 and its volume by 18.
C)9 and its volume by 27.
D)27 and its volume by 81.
E)none of the above

Question 74

A solid glass ball weighs 1 N. One with twice the diameter weighs

A)1 N.
B)2 N.
C)3 N.
D)4 N.
E)more than 4 N.

Question 75

Consider the fictional case of the incredible shrinking woman. If a fictional shrinking woman shrinks to 0.1 her original height, her total skin area shrinks to

A)0.1 times its original value.
B)0.01 times its original value.
C)0.001 times its original value.
D)0.0001 times its original value.
E)none of the above