Deck 2: Atoms and Elements

Question 1

Identify the smallest subatomic particle.

A) a neutron
B) an electron
C) a proton
D) an alpha particle
E) a nucleus

Answer 1

an electron

Question 2

Which of the following statements is FALSE according to Dalton's Atomic Theory?

A) Atoms combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds.
B) All atoms of chlorine have identical properties that distinguish them from other elements.
C) One carbon atom will combine with one oxygen atom to form a molecule of carbon monoxide.
D) Atoms of sodium do not change into another element during chemical reaction with chlorine.
E) An atom of nitrogen can be broken down into smaller particles that will still have the unique properties of nitrogen.

Answer 2

An atom of nitrogen can be broken down into smaller particles that will still have the unique properties of nitrogen.

Question 3

Identify the description of an atom.

A) neutrons and electrons in nucleus; protons in orbitals
B) neutrons in nucleus; protons and electrons in orbitals
C) protons and neutrons in nucleus; electrons in orbitals
D) protons and electrons in nucleus; neutrons in orbitals
E) electrons in nucleus; protons and neutrons in orbitals

Answer 3

protons and neutrons in nucleus; electrons in orbitals

Question 4

What does "X" represent in the following symbol? X

A) silicon
B) sulfur
C) zinc
D) ruthenium
E) nickel

Question 5

Identify the equipment that Millikan utilized to do his research.

A) cathode ray tube
B) light bulb
C) oscilloscope
D) oil atomizer, light source, microscope
E) electromagnetic field generator

Question 6

Identify the equipment that Thomson utilized to do his research.

A) cathode ray tube
B) light bulb
C) oscilloscope
D) oil atomizer, light source, microscope
E) electromagnetic field generator

Question 7

Identify the largest subatomic particle.

A) a neutron
B) an electron
C) a proton
D) an orbital
E) a nucleus

Question 8

Determine the number of protons,neutrons,and electrons in the following: X

A) p⁺ = 36 n° = 29 e^- = 36
B) p⁺ = 29 n° = 29 e^- = 36
C) p⁺ = 36 n° = 36 e^- = 29
D) p⁺ = 29 n° = 36 e^- = 29
E) p⁺ = 29 n° = 36 e^- = 36

Question 9

The atomic number is equal to

A) the number of the protons.
B) the sum of the number of the neutrons and electrons.
C) the sum of the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
D) the sum of the number of protons and neutrons.

Question 10

In a chemical reaction,matter is neither created nor destroyed.Which law does this refer to?

A) Law of Definite Proportions
B) Law of the Conservation of Mass
C) Law of Modern Atomic Theory
D) Law of Multiple Proportions
E) First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 11

All samples of a given compound,regardless of their source or how they were prepared,have the same proportions of their constituent elements.Which law does this refer to?

A) Law of Definite Proportions
B) Law of the Conservation of Mass
C) Law of Modern Atomic Theory
D) Law of Multiple Proportions
E) First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of the law of multiple proportions?

A) A sample of chlorine is found to contain three times as much Cl-35 as Cl-37.
B) Two different compounds formed from carbon and oxygen have the following mass ratios: 1.33 g O: 1 g C and 2.66 g O: 1 g C.
C) Two different samples of table salt are found to have the same ratio of sodium to chlorine.
D) The atomic mass of bromine is found to be 79.90 amu.
E) Nitrogen dioxide always has a mass ratio of 2.28 g O: 1 g N.

Question 13

Determine the number of protons,neutrons,and electrons in the following: X

A) p⁺ = 12 n° = 25 e^- = 12
B) p⁺ = 12 n° = 12 e^- = 13
C) p⁺ = 12 n° = 13 e^- = 12
D) p⁺ = 25 n° = 12 e^- = 13
E) p⁺ = 12 n° = 13 e^- = 25

Question 14

What element is defined by the following information? p⁺ = 20 n° = 20 e^- = 20

A) zirconium
B) calcium
C) potassium
D) neon
E) argon

Question 15

What does "X" represent in the following symbol? X

A) mercury
B) chlorine
C) scandium
D) bromine
E) selenium

Question 16

What element is defined by the following information? p⁺ = 11 n° = 12 e^- = 11

A) sodium
B) vanadium
C) magnesium
D) titanium
E) selenium

Question 17

Determine the number of protons,neutrons,and electrons in the following: X

A) p⁺ = 18 n° = 18 e^- = 22
B) p⁺ = 18 n° = 22 e^- = 18
C) p⁺ = 22 n° = 18 e^- = 18
D) p⁺ = 18 n° = 22 e^- = 40
E) p⁺ = 40 n° = 22 e^- = 18

Question 18

What element is defined by the following information? p⁺ = 17 n° = 20 e^- = 17

A) calcium
B) rubidium
C) chlorine
D) neon
E) oxygen

Question 19

When two elements form two different compounds,the masses of element B that combine with 1 g of element A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers.Which law does this refer to?

A) Law of Definite Proportions
B) Law of the Conservation of Mass
C) Law of Modern Atomic Theory
D) Law of Multiple Proportions
E) First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 20

The mass number is equal to

A) the sum of the number of the electrons and protons.
B) the sum of the number of the neutrons and electrons.
C) the sum of the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
D) the sum of the number of protons and neutrons.

Question 21

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Anions are usually larger than their corresponding atom.
B) Metals tend to form cations.
C) Atoms are usually larger than their corresponding cation.
D) The halogens tend to form 1+ ions.
E) Nonmetals tend to gain electrons.

Question 22

Predict the charge that an aluminum ion would have.

A) 5-
B) 1+
C) 1-
D) 2+
E) 3+

Question 23

The atomic mass for cadmium is

A) 48
B) 112.41
C) 40.08
D) 20
E) 64.411

Question 24

Calculate the atomic mass of gallium if gallium has 2 naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and natural abundances: Ga-69 68.9256 amu 60.11%
Ga-71 70.9247 amu 39.89%

A) 69.72 amu
B) 69.93 amu
C) 70.00 amu
D) 69.80 amu
E) 70.68 amu

Question 25

Give the symbol for silver.

A) S
B) Si
C) Ar
D) Ag
E) Sl

Question 26

What species is represented by the following information? p⁺ = 12 n° = 14 e^- = 10

A) Si⁴⁺
B) Mg
C) Ne
D) Si
E) Mg²⁺

Question 27

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Halogens are very reactive elements.
B) The alkali metals are fairly unreactive.
C) Sulfur is a main group element.
D) Noble gases do not usually form ions.
E) Zn is a transition metal.

Question 28

Calculate the atomic mass of silver if silver has 2 naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and natural abundances: Ag-107 106.90509 amu 51.84%
Ag-109 108.90476 amu 48.46%

A) 107.90 amu
B) 108.00 amu
C) 107.79 amu
D) 108.32 amu
E) 108.19 amu

Question 29

Identify the green-yellowish gas that is used as a disinfecting agent.

A) chlorine
B) bromine
C) iodine
D) fluorine

Question 30

Predict the charge that an ion formed from nitrogen would have.

A) 1-
B) 6+
C) 3-
D) 3+
E) 2-

Question 31

Identify the instrument that is used to determine the mass of a molecule.

A) mass spectrometer
B) nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer
C) infrared spectrometer
D) gas chromatograph
E) ultraviolet spectrophotometer

Question 32

Ions differ in the number of

A) electrons.
B) neutrons.
C) protons.
D) neutrons and protons.
E) electrons and protons.

Question 33

Which of the following statements about isotopes is TRUE?

A) Isotopes of the same element differ only in the number of electrons they contain.
B) An isotope of an atom with a larger number of neutrons is larger than an isotope of the same atom that contains fewer neutrons.
C) Isotopes of the same element have the same mass.
D) Isotopes of the same element don't usually have the same properties.
E) Some elements have 3 or more naturally occurring isotopes.

Question 34

Identify the largest atom or ion of carbon.

A) p⁺ = 6 n° = 6 e^- = 6
B) p⁺ = 6 n° = 7 e^- = 6
C) p⁺ = 6 n° = 6 e^- = 7
D) p⁺ = 6 n° = 6 e^- = 5

Question 35

Semiconductors are

A) metalloids.
B) noble gases.
C) nonmetals.
D) metals.

Question 36

Which of the following does NOT describe a nonmetal?

A) tends to gain electrons
B) found in the upper right hand corner of the periodic table
C) poor conductor of electricity
D) nonmetals are generally unreactive
E) poor conductor of heat

Question 37

What species is represented by the following information? p⁺ = 47 n° = 62 e^- = 46

A) Ag⁺
B) Nd
C) Pd
D) Ag
E) Pd⁺

Question 38

What species is represented by the following information? p⁺ = 17 n° = 18 e^- = 18

A) Cl
B) Cl^-
C) Ar
D) Ar⁺
E) Kr

Question 39

Which of the following statements about subatomic particles is TRUE?

A) A neutral atom contains the same number of protons and electrons.
B) Protons have about the same mass as electrons.
C) Electrons make up most of the mass of an atom.
D) Protons and neutrons have opposite, but equal in magnitude, charges.
E) Neutrons and electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 40

Which of the following does NOT describe a metal?

A) good conductor of heat
B) good conductor of electricity
C) tends to gain electrons
D) forms ionic compounds with nonmetals
E) found on the left side of the periodic table

Question 41

Gallium has an atomic mass of 69.723 amu.The Ga-69 (68.926 amu)is 60.11%.What is the amu of the other isotope?

A) 70.924 amu
B) 70.928 amu
C) 70.932 amu
D) 70.920 amu

Question 42

Identify how the atomic mass of an element is determined.

A) average of ions
B) average of isotopic masses
C) average of radioactive particles
D) average of crude weights
E) average of protons

Question 43

Calculate the atomic mass of element "X",if it has 2 naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and natural abundances: X-45 44.8776 amu 32.88%
X-47 46.9443 amu 67.12%

A) 46.26 amu
B) 45.91 amu
C) 46.34 amu
D) 46.84 amu
E) 44.99 amu

Question 44

How many iron atoms are contained in 354 g of iron?

A) 2.62 × 10²⁵ Fe atoms
B) 2.13 × 10²⁶ Fe atoms
C) 4.69 × 10²⁴ Fe atoms
D) 3.82 × 10²⁴ Fe atoms
E) 9.50 × 10²² Fe atoms

Question 45

Calculate the mass (in kg)of 4.87 × 10²⁵ atoms of Zn.

A) 5.29 kg
B) 1.89 kg
C) 8.09 kg
D) 1.24 kg
E) 1.09 kg

Question 46

How many moles of Cs are contained in 595 kg of Cs?

A) 2.23 × 10² moles Cs
B) 4.48 × 10³ moles Cs
C) 7.91 × 10⁴ moles Cs
D) 1.26 × 10³ moles Cs
E) 5.39 × 10² moles Cs

Question 47

How many phosphorus atoms are contained in 158 kg of phosphorus?

A) 3.07 × 10²⁷ phosphorus atoms
B) 2.95 × 10²⁷ phosphorus atoms
C) 3.25 × 10²⁸ phosphorus atoms
D) 1.18 × 10²⁴ phosphorus atoms
E) 8.47 × 10²⁴ phosphorus atoms

Question 48

Identify the radioactive particle.

A) a beta particle
B) an anion
C) a molecule
D) an electron
E) a mole

Question 49

Identify the discovery that Millikan made.

A) the mass of a proton
B) the charge of a proton
C) the charge of a single electron
D) the mass of a beta particle
E) molecules

Question 50

How many xenon atoms are contained in 2.36 moles of xenon?

A) 3.92 × 10²⁴ xenon atoms
B) 2.55 × 10²³ xenon atoms
C) 1.42 × 10²⁴ xenon atoms
D) 7.91 × 10²⁵ xenon atoms
E) 1.87 × 10²⁶ xenon atoms

Question 51

Identify the element that has an atomic number of 40.

A) neon
B) calcium
C) zirconium
D) bromine
E) gold

Question 52

Calculate the mass (in ng)of 2.33 × 10²⁰ atoms of oxygen.

A) 6.19 × 10⁶ ng
B) 1.62 × 10⁷ ng
C) 2.25 × 10³ ng
D) 3.73 × 10⁶ ng
E) 4.69 × 10⁷ ng

Question 53

An atom of ¹³C contains ________ protons.

A) 6
B) 19
C) 7
D) 9
E) 13

Question 54

Give the symbol for potassium.

A) K
B) P
C) Po
D) Ka
E) Pt

Question 55

Rutherford proposed the

A) atomic bomb.
B) hydroelectric.
C) First Law of Conservation.
D) theory of explosives.
E) nuclear theory.

Question 56

How many moles of Kr are contained in 398 mg of Kr?

A) 4.75 × 10^-3 moles Kr
B) 33.4 moles Kr
C) 2.11 × 10^-4 moles Kr
D) 2.99 × 10^-3 moles Kr
E) 1.19 × 10^-4 moles Kr

Question 57

What mass (in mg)does 2.63 moles of nickel have?

A) 44.8 mg
B) 2.23 × 10⁴ mg
C) 129 mg
D) 3.56 × 10⁵ mg
E) 1.54 × 10⁵ mg

Question 58

Identify the discovery that Thomson made.

A) a neutron
B) an electron
C) the charge of a single electron
D) an alpha particle
E) anions

Question 59

Silver has an atomic mass of 107.868 amu.The Ag-109 isotope (108.905 amu)is 48.16%.What is the amu of the other isotope?

A) 106.905 amu
B) 106.908 amu
C) 106.903 amu
D) 106.911 amu

Question 60

Identify the charges of the protons,neutrons,and electrons.

A) protons +1, neutrons 0, electrons -1
B) protons 0, neutrons -1, electrons 0
C) protons -1, neutrons -1, electrons 0
D) protons 0, neutrons 0, electrons 0
E) protons +1, neutrons +1, electrons +1

Question 61

What does "X" represent in the following symbol? X

A) dysprosium
B) nickel
C) terbium
D) silicon
E) copper

Question 62

An atom that has an atomic number of 38 and a mass number of 88 is an isotope of an atom that has

A) an atomic number of 39 and a mass number of 88.
B) an atomic number of 38 and a mass number of 86.
C) 50 neutrons and 38 protons.
D) 50 protons and 38 neutrons.

Question 63

Identify an anion.

A) an atom that has lost an electron
B) an atom that has gained an electron
C) an atom that has lost a proton
D) an atom that has gained a neutron and a proton

Question 64

How many protons are in nickel?

A) 28
B) 30
C) 31
D) 30.7
E) 58.7

Question 65

Which element has the chemical symbol,Sn?

A) samarium
B) lead
C) tin
D) tungsten
E) selenium

Question 66

An atom of ²⁵Mg contains ________ electrons.

A) 25
B) 37
C) 13
D) 23
E) 12

Question 67

Identify a cation.

A) an atom that has lost an electron
B) an atom that has gained an electron
C) an atom that has lost a proton
D) an atom that has gained a neutron

Question 68

What is the chemical symbol for thallium?

A) Ti
B) Tl
C) Tm
D) Th
E) Tr

Question 69

How many electrons does the Se^2- ion possess?

A) 32
B) 36
C) 4
D) 0
E) 34

Question 70

How many protons does the As^3- ion possess?

A) 30
B) 36
C) 4
D) 8
E) 33

Question 71

How many electrons are in each neutral atom of magnesium?

A) 12
B) 13
C) 14
D) 12.3
E) 24.3

Question 72

How many protons (p)and neutrons (n)are in an atom of Ac?

A) 89 p, 138 n
B) 89 p, 227 n
C) 138 p, 89 n
D) 227 p, 89 n

Question 73

Isotopes differ in the number of

A) gamma particles.
B) electrons.
C) compounds.
D) neutrons.
E) neutrons and protons.

Question 74

Which of the following represent isotopes? A: X B: X C: X D: X

A) A and D
B) A and C
C) B and D
D) C and D
E) all of the above

Question 75

Which element has the chemical symbol,Rn?

A) radium
B) radon
C) rhenium
D) rhodium

Question 76

An ion has 26 protons,29 neutrons,and 23 electrons.The symbol for the ion is ________.

A) (⁵⁵Fe³⁺)
B) (⁵⁵Fe^3- )
C) (⁵²Cu³⁺)
D) (⁵²Cu^3-)
E) (⁵⁵V3^-)

Question 77

How many neutrons are in manganese-54?

A) 25
B) 30
C) 29
D) 29.4
E) 54.9

Question 78

The atomic number of an atom of ¹³⁰Xe is

A) 184.
B) 54.
C) 76.
D) 122.
E) 130.

Question 79

What is the chemical symbol for molybdenum?

A) Ma
B) Au
C) Mo
D) K
E) Mb

Question 80

What is the chemical symbol for carbon?

A) Co
B) Cr
C) C
D) Ca
E) Cb