Deck 16: Managing Leadership and Influence Processes

Question 1

Researchers gave up trying to identify traits as predictors of leadership ability,but many voters have not.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A directive leader would be preferred by an employee with a high external locus of control.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The path-goal theory assumes that leaders are unable to adapt their style of leadership to the situation.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The group makes the decision in all but one of the decision styles used in the Vroom-Yetton-Jago model.

Question 5

Expert power requires a college degree.

Question 6

The LPC theory of leadership suggests that the function of the leader is to make desired rewards available and to show people how to get them.

Question 7

A leader aligns people.

Question 8

Legitimate request is based on reward power.

Question 9

When the bell rings in a firehouse no one needs to be told what to do.They all spring into action because leadership is not needed at that time.

Question 10

The goal of a situational theory is to identify key situational factors and to specify how they interact to determine appropriate leader behavior.

Question 11

Preliminary research supports the concept of charismatic leadership.

Question 12

Scott is the "teacher's pet." According to the leader-member exchange model,he gets special treatment because he is part of the in-group.

Question 13

Referent power is usually associated more with leadership than with management.

Question 14

A manager develops a vision.

Question 15

A person can be a leader and a manager at the same time.

Question 16

The Ohio studies found that when using consideration behavior,the leader clearly defines the leader-subordinate role so that everyone knows what is expected,establishes formal lines of communication,and determines how tasks will be performed.

Question 17

The Michigan studies found that managers using job-centered leader behavior are interested in developing a cohesive work group and ensuring that employees are satisfied with their jobs.

Question 18

Inspirational appeal involves the use of referent power.

Question 19

When a government is overthrown and a tyrant takes control,the tyrant has legitimate power.

Question 20

Tennenbaum and Schmidt proposed a continuum of leadership behavior similar to the original Michigan framework.

Question 21

A news producer selects a reporter to cover a breaking story that will get attention and possibly lead to career advancement.The producer has ____ power.

A) reward
B) coercive
C) expert
D) referent
E) legitimate

Question 22

Stating inaccurate information on a resume is an example of unethical impression management.

Question 23

Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg struck a deal with Spotify CEO Daniel EK for online music service.As CEOs they have ____ power.

A) coercive
B) legitimate
C) inspirational
D) referent
E) reward

Question 24

____ power is created and conveyed in the organization by granting authority.

A) Expert
B) Legitimate
C) Referent
D) Reward
E) Coercive

Question 25

Managers and leaders differ in

A) how they create an agenda.
B) how they achieve the agenda.
C) how they execute plans.
D) the type of outcomes they achieve.
E) All of these choices

Question 26

The ability to control salary increases,promotions,praise,and interesting job assignments is known as

A) referent power.
B) reward power.
C) rational persuasion.
D) directive leadership.
E) positive reinforcement.

Question 27

The form of power a person has because of the position he or she occupies in an organization is known as ____ power.

A) Referent
B) Reward
C) Coercive
D) Legitimate
E) Expert

Question 28

Military leaders have no control over pay or bonuses.They rely on praise,public recognition,and evaluations for ____ power.

A) reward
B) coercive
C) expert
D) referent
E) legitimate

Question 29

To have ethical leadership,our culture must first value,support,and demand ethical behavior in young people.

Question 30

Which of the following is an example of an individual who is leading?

A) A person identifying detailed steps
B) A person delegating authority
C) A person convincing you to go on a date
D) A person planning detailed evaluations
E) A person establishing time tables

Question 31

What type of power do leaders have if they are able to offer or withhold inducements?

A) Reward
B) Coercive
C) Legitimate
D) Expert
E) Referent

Question 32

Which of the following is a kind of power?

A) LPC
B) Legitimate
C) Instrumental synergy
D) Rational persuasion
E) Instrumental compliance

Question 33

When one person does things for another to build up bargaining power for future situations,the political behavior involved is known as inducement.

Question 34

One of the reasons Steve Jobs was very successful at Apple was his charisma.He had ____.

A) referent power
B) reward power
C) coercive power
D) authority
E) expert power

Question 35

Leadership is

A) a process.
B) a property.
C) using influence to shape behavior without using force.
D) a set of characteristics found in people who are leaders.
E) All of these choices.

Question 36

Mark Zuckerberg crated Facebook,which has more than 800 million users.This gives Zuckerberg

A) synergy.
B) empathy.
C) valence.
D) power.
E) legitimacy.

Question 37

Looking at environmental issues,the strategic leader works to improve both the current alignment and the past alignment.

Question 38

A news producer selects a reporter to cover a typical story.The producer has ____ power.

A) referent
B) reward
C) coercive
D) legitimate
E) expert

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a type of power?

A) Legitimate
B) Empathic
C) Coercive
D) Referent
E) Expert

Question 40

Intentionally trying to enhance one's image in the eyes of others is called impression management.

Question 41

Good administrative assistants have more access to important information and the decision maker than subordinates have.The administrative assistants have ____ power.

A) legitimate
B) technological
C) expert
D) referent
E) coercive

Question 42

Which of the following represents how leadership was studied during the first several decades of the twentieth century?

A) Vroom-Yetton-Jago model
B) Leader behavior studies
C) Path-goal theory
D) Ohio State studies
E) Trait studies

Question 43

Punishment and avoidance procedures involve the use of ____ power.

A) legitimate
B) reward
C) coercive
D) expert
E) referent

Question 44

What approach to identifying a leader is someone using if he votes for a politician based on his or her appearance,communication skills,and education?

A) LPC
B) Fiedler's contingency
C) Vroom's decision tree
D) Trait
E) Path-goal

Question 45

Mika was promoted to manager based on her display of great self-confidence and her intelligence.The assumptions under which Mika received her promotion are based on the usefulness of ____ in predicting who will make a good leader.

A) leadership behaviors
B) leadership traits
C) leadership style
D) leadership challenges
E) None of these choices

Question 46

Tonya and Maureen work for an international company.Tonya convinced Maureen to go on a six month internship to China because it would be good for Maureen's career.Tonya used

A) information distortion.
B) legitimate requests.
C) inspirational appeals.
D) personal identification.
E) rational persuasion.

Question 47

The reinforcement theory of motivation is the basis for using

A) information distortion.
B) legitimate requests.
C) inspirational appeals.
D) personal identification.
E) instrumental compliance.

Question 48

Augustus has a Ph.D.in chemistry.He was a college professor and is now director of research at his company.He has ____ power.

A) legitimate
B) technological
C) expert
D) referent
E) coercive

Question 49

Jon has a Ph.D.in organizational psychology.He works for Boeing as an executive coach.The executives have more experience and total power.Jon's primary power is

A) referent.
B) expert.
C) legitimate.
D) coercive.
E) reward.

Question 50

Which of the following is a leader-behavior model?

A) Michigan studies
B) Path-goal theory
C) Substitutes for leadership theory
D) Vroom-Yetton-Jago model
E) Fiedler's contingency model

Question 51

Shevonda has a great sense of humor.She does not use sarcasm.People love to listen to her tell great stories with dramatic expressions.She has ____ power.

A) referent
B) expert
C) legitimate
D) coercive
E) reward

Question 52

Bill Lennox is a good man.He inspires loyalty and impeccable behavior because he demonstrates high moral standards with every decision.He has ____ power.

A) coercive
B) reward
C) referent
D) expert
E) legitimate

Question 53

Workplace bullies use sarcasm,humiliation,and fear to influence others.This is a form of ____ power.

A) expert
B) legitimate
C) referent
D) reward
E) coercive

Question 54

Jason uses reprimands,fines,and demotion.These are forms of ____ power.

A) expert
B) legitimate
C) referent
D) reward
E) coercive

Question 55

The power that generally sets leaders apart from nonleaders is ____ power.

A) referent
B) expert
C) legitimate
D) coercive
E) reward

Question 56

____ power is based on knowledge and expertise.

A) Referent
B) Expert
C) Legitimate
D) Coercive
E) Reward

Question 57

Which of the following BEST represents the outcome of the work done to determine what personal traits can be used to predict leader effectiveness?

A) Researchers were unable to identify more than a small number of traits.
B) The studies were quite successful,and we can now hire leaders based on results of tests that detect certain appropriate traits.
C) A very long list of traits and the presence of alternative explanations for results made the studies of little value.
D) The trait studies were much more successful than the studies of leader behaviors that preceded them.
E) Research has proven that the identification of leadership traits is a better method for selecting a leader than either the Fiedler study or the path-goal theory.

Question 58

Charismatic leadership is closely linked with

A) legitimate power.
B) instrumental compliance.
C) legitimate requests.
D) referent power.
E) coercive power.

Question 59

A supervisor's use of coercion also involves the

A) use of distortion.
B) use of extinction.
C) use of positive reinforcement.
D) loss of leadership.
E) loss of persuasion.

Question 60

Jesse has tremendous respect for Bonny.Jesse is Bonny's speech writer.Jesse worked all weekend to create a great speech for Bonny so that Bonny will be successful.Bonny has ____ power.

A) coercive
B) reward
C) referent
D) expert
E) legitimate

Question 61

In the Marine Corps,subordinates want tough effective training that they know will someday save their lives.If you apply the Michigan studies in this case,the subordinates want

A) a job-centered leader.
B) initiating structure behavior.
C) consideration behavior.
D) an authority-compliance leader.
E) an employee-centered leader.

Question 62

The underlying assumption of situational models of leadership is that appropriate leader behavior varies from one situation to another.Which of the following is an example of one situation identified by Fiedler?

A) Identity task
B) Goal difficulty
C) Goal specificity
D) Task structure
E) Organizational structure

Question 63

According to the Michigan studies,managers may be job-centered

A) or employee-centered,but not both simultaneously.
B) and employee-centered simultaneously.
C) and have a high LPC score.
D) if they also practice supportive leadership.
E) if they adopt an autocratic decision style.

Question 64

Critics of the LPC model contend that

A) it is not valid.
B) it measures behavior.
C) it measures personality.
D) it measures traits.
E) All of these choices

Question 65

Daniel has been appointed leader of a project task force and has legitimate power in this position.The task is unstructured.Daniel has weak leader-member relations.According to Fiedler's LPC theory,what type of leadership style is appropriate in this situation?

A) Relationship-oriented
B) Task-oriented
C) Participative
D) Transformational leadership
E) None of these choices

Question 66

What is the major difference between the Ohio State studies and the Michigan studies of leadership?

A) One is a situational approach;the other is a leader behavior approach.
B) One proposes four different types of leader behaviors;the other has only two.
C) One is based on the use of a decision tree;the other is not.
D) One says that you can be high on both groups of leader behaviors simultaneously;the other says you cannot.
E) One says that leaders can change their styles;the other says this cannot be done.

Question 67

According to Fiedler's research,what is the most effective form of leader behavior when situational favorableness is either most favorable or least favorable?

A) Task-oriented
B) Relationship-oriented
C) Participative
D) Achievement-oriented
E) Employee-centered

Question 68

In the Marine Corps,subordinates want tough effective training that they know will someday save their lives.Marines also want good food,time off,promotions and decent pay.Marines' desires for tough training and supportive leaders support the ____ model of leadership behavior.

A) trait approach
B) Ohio State studies
C) Vroom-Yetton-Jago
D) Fiedler
E) Michigan studies

Question 69

In the Marine Corps,subordinates want tough effective training that they know will someday save their lives.If you apply the Ohio studies,subordinates want

A) a job-centered leader.
B) initiating structure behavior.
C) consideration behavior.
D) an authority-compliance leader.
E) an employee-centered leader.

Question 70

Working Mother magazine ranked Abbott as one of the top ten companies for working families.CEO Miles White says "One of the most important things we can do for working families today is to help them lead healthier lives." According to the Ohio studies,White is using ____ behavior.

A) job-centered leader
B) initiating structure
C) consideration
D) authority-compliance leader
E) employee-centered leader

Question 71

The Michigan studies concluded that the best leader is

A) job-centered.
B) employee-centered.
C) neither job- nor employee-centered.
D) contingent on the situation.
E) charismatic.

Question 72

What is the basic assumption of situational approaches to leadership?

A) Increasing worker job satisfaction through considerate leadership will get the best results.
B) Initiating structure for employees so they know exactly what needs to be done will be most effective.
C) The appropriate leader style will vary from one set of circumstances to another.
D) Effective leaders can be identified by certain traits that are situationally specific.
E) Some factors make leader behavior unnecessary.

Question 73

The Managerial Grid

A) is a method of evaluating management skills.
B) labels the best manager as high in both concern for planning and concern for organizing.
C) uses the term impoverished manager to describe a manager who is low in concern for people and low in concern for production.
D) is a graphic representation of the trait approach to studying management.
E) All of these choices

Question 74

What term was used by researchers at Ohio State to describe the leadership behavior that is most similar to employee-centered behavior?

A) Participative leadership
B) Initiating-structure behavior
C) Consideration behavior
D) Participative behavior
E) Country club leadership

Question 75

Lisa has been appointed leader of a project task force.She has strong leader-member relations.The task is structured.According to Fiedler's LPC theory,the situation is

A) most favorable.
B) moderately favorable.
C) moderately unfavorable.
D) most unfavorable.
E) none of these choices.

Question 76

The leadership model that laid the foundation for much of the later work on situational approaches to leadership proposed

A) a set of traits that would be situation specific.
B) the use of a decision tree to determine the proper level of subordinate involvement.
C) that leaders cannot change their styles,and we must,therefore,change the situation to create a match.
D) that leaders have a group of favorites called an in-group.
E) a continuum of leader behaviors,with each point on the continuum being influenced by various factors.

Question 77

The Leadership Grid

A) is useful for describing leader behavior but not useful for predicting it.
B) labels the best manager as high in both concern for planning and concern for organizing.
C) uses the term impoverished manager to describe a manager who is low in concern for people and low in concern for production.
D) is a graphic representation of the trait approach to studying leadership.
E) All of these choices

Question 78

Working Mother magazine ranked Abbott as one of the top ten companies for working families.CEO Miles White says "One of the most important things we can do for working families today is to help them lead healthier lives." According to the Michigan studies,White is using ____ behavior.

A) job-centered leader
B) initiating structure
C) consideration
D) authority-compliance leader
E) employee-centered leader

Question 79

What score does Fiedler use to determine leader style?

A) Leader-member relations
B) Task identity
C) Task structure
D) Least-preferred coworker
E) Leader position coordinator

Question 80

Which of the following leadership models is a combination of the trait and leader behavior approaches,with the addition of a situational element?

A) Path-goal theory
B) Vroom-Yetton-Jago model
C) Fiedler's LPC model
D) Substitutes for leadership
E) Vertical-dyad linkage model