Deck 4: Meeting Your Client: The Counseling Interview

Question 1

Read the following statement from a nutrition counselor: You are working hard on your diet. You switched from whole milk to 1% milk. What steps did you take to make that happen? What counseling strategy is the nutrition counselor using?

A) Electing client thoughts.
B) Providing nonjudgmental feedback.
C) Determining what is next.
D) Affirming positive behaviors.
E) Noting a discrepancy.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In which of the following phases does the nutrition assessment occur?

A) First phase
B) Involving phase
C) Exploration-education phase
D) Resolving phase
E) Closing phase

Answer 2

C

Question 3

During which phase of the motivational nutrition counseling algorithm do nutrition counselors review with clients a summary of the issues and strengths, and clearly restate goals?

A) Assessment phase
B) Involving phase
C) Exploration-education phase
D) Resolving phase
E) Closing phase

Answer 3

E

Question 4

When would it be appropriate for a nutrition counselor to say, "When we talked on the phone, you said the doctor told you your blood pressure is elevated. What are you hoping to achieve in counseling?"

A) First session at the beginning of the counseling session
B) First session in the middle of the counseling session
C) First session at the end of the counseling session
D) Final session at the beginning of the counseling session
E) Final session at the end of the counseling session

Question 5

Which of the following are true of the motivational nutrition counseling algorithm?

A) It can direct the flow of a nutrition counseling session.
B) It takes into consideration that intention is the under lying force for behavior change.
C) It incorporates concepts from the Theory of Planned Behavior.
D) It incorporates concepts from the Social Cognitive Theory.
E) It can direct the flow of a nutrition intervention.

Question 6

Which of the following methods used to assess stages of change unambiguously classifies clients into one of the five stages of change after asking a series of questions?

A) Stage of change algorithm
B) Readiness-to-change open-ended questions
C) Readiness to change graphic
D) Readiness to change scale question
E) Nutrition counseling motivational algorithm

Question 7

You are a nutrition counselor and want to assess your client's stage or readiness to change to eat healthier using a readiness-to-change scale question during the counseling interview. What would you say to assess stage or readiness to change?

A) Do you follow a healthy eating pattern?
B) People differ in their desire to make changes. How do you feel?
C) Looking at the graphic (e.g., a ruler labeled 1 to 10), identify a spot that indicates how ready you are to eat healthier.
D) On a scale from 0 to 10, with 0 being not at all ready and 10 being totally ready , which number represents how ready you are to make this change?
E) How confident are you that you will be able to eat healthier?

Question 8

In which of the following methods could nutrition counselors ask the question, "How do you feel about making a change now?" to assess stage or readiness to change?

A) Stage of change algorithm
B) Readiness-to-change open-ended questions
C) Readiness to change graphic
D) Readiness to change scale question
E) Nutrition counseling motivational algorithm

Question 9

Which of the following clients is the most ready to make dietary changes. Assume the 1 to 10 scale being used infers "1" is defined as not at all ready and "10" is totally ready .

A) A man who was classified into action based on the stage of change algorithm.
B) A woman who was classified into contemplation based on the stage of change algorithm.
C) A woman who reported she was ambivalent to make changes based on the readiness-to-change open-ended questions.
D) A man who indicated he was at a "3" using the readiness-to-change graphic.
E) A woman who indicated she was at a "6" using the readiness-to-change scale question.

Question 10

What is the first phase of the motivational nutrition counseling algorithm?

A) Assessment phase
B) Involving phase
C) Exploration-education phase
D) Resolving phase
E) Closing phase

Question 11

Which of the following components is part of each counseling session until the decision is made to conclude the program?

A) Preparation and assessment
B) Preparation, assessment, and intervention
C) Preparation, assessment, intervention, and evaluation
D) Assessment, intervention, and evaluation
E) Assessment, intervention, evaluation, and conclusion

Question 12

Read the following statement: Over the next hour, we will talk about your nutrition, your food preferences, and discuss some strategies you can use to help you meet your goals.
The statement above is an example of a nutrition counselor

A) preparing for a counseling session with a client.
B) explaining the counseling process to a client.
C) assessing the client during a counseling session.
D) providing an intervention to a client.
E) conducting a self-evaluation of themselves (as the counselor).

Question 13

Your client was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. She stated she only came to the nutrition counseling appointment because her doctor "forced her" to come. Which of the following strategies would be most appropriate to employ first?

A) Raise awareness of the benefits of changing and diet options.
B) Raise awareness of the health problem and diet options.
C) Praise positive behaviors.
D) Negotiate a specific plan of action.
E) Explore ambivalence by examining the pros and cons.

Question 14

Your client was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. She stated she thinks she should change her eating habits, but she thinks it is going to be a lot of work. Which of the following strategies would be most appropriate to employ first?

A) Set SMART goals.
B) Raise awareness of the health problem and diet options.
C) Praise positive behaviors.
D) Negotiate a specific plan of action.
E) Explore ambivalence by examining the pros and cons.

Question 15

The objective of the self-evaluation of the counselor is to

A) understand problems, skills, and resources related to food intake for each client.
B) review major issues and goals of the counseling session.
C) learn from specific counseling experiences for the purpose of improving helping skills.
D) provide an explanation of the counseling process.
E) evaluate if the client was able to meet specific goals set during the counseling session.

Question 16

Your client was just informed he has high cholesterol. What could you say to him to elicit his thoughts about this information?

A) You must be eating too much saturated fat.
B) Do you think you are eating too much saturated fat?
C) Let's talk about your diet, so we can determine why your cholesterol is so high.
D) What do you think about this information?
E) We can work together to lower your cholesterol.

Question 17

Which of the following occurs before the first counseling session, during the first session, and periodically thereafter to better understand problems, skills, and resources related to food intake and readiness to take action?

A) Preparation
B) Explanation
C) Assessment
D) Intervention
E) Evaluation of the client

Question 18

Read the following statement from a nutrition counselor: Your assessment indicates an intake of 1 cup of dairy a day. As you see, the standard recommendation based on the government guidelines is 3 cups a day. What counseling strategy is the nutrition counselor using?

A) Electing client thoughts.
B) Providing nonjudgmental feedback.
C) Determining what is next.
D) Assessing readiness to make a change.
E) Noting a discrepancy.

Question 19

During which component of the nutrition counseling model do nutrition counselors take on the role of problem solver and expert using a variety of strategies to help implement dietary goals?

A) Preparation
B) Explanation
C) Assessment
D) Intervention
E) Conclusion

Question 20

Greeting your client, establishing comfort, and partaking in small talk take place during the

A) assessment phase.
B) involving phase.
C) exploration-education phase.
D) resolving phase.
E) closing phase.

Question 21

In which of the following stages are clients aware that a problem exists, but have ambivalence to change?

A) Level 1
B) Level 2
C) Level 3
D) Action
E) Maintenance

Question 22

Assessment activities are typically the most time consuming during the first session.

Question 23

Nutrition counselors are unable to establish rapport with a client in an acute care setting.

Question 24

Why should nutrition counselors assess a client's motivation or readiness to change prior to providing the nutrition interventions?

Question 25

Based on the nutrition counseling motivational algorithm, describe the counseling approach for client's motivational level 1, level 2, and level 3.

Question 26

Which of the following strategies can encourage a client to move toward the action stage by letting the client know that you are there to offer guidance and support and is part of the relationship-building process?

A) Expressing support
B) Promoting change talk
C) Exploring importance
D) Assessing readiness to change
E) Personalizing benefits

Question 27

Which of the following is true regarding nutrition counseling in acute care settings?

A) Patients often know a registered dietitian was scheduled to see them.
B) Acute care (inpatient) is an ideal setting for nutrition counseling to occur.
C) Although time may be limited, relationship-building skills should still be emphasized.
D) It is appropriate to rush through the interview since time is limited.
E) You should conduct the counseling interview and session regardless of how the client is feeling because typically their stay will be short.

Question 28

Describe the process and challenges of nutrition counseling in an acute care setting and the important step that should be accomplished regardless of the time allotted.

Question 29

Define the acronym FRAMES and how a nutrition counselor can address the six components during a brief intervention.

Question 30

Weight monitoring should occur at each counseling session.

Question 31

Only clients who are ready to make changes should be encouraged to set SMART goals.

Question 32

How can weight monitoring be addressed during the counseling session?

Question 33

Explain how small talk can be used in nutrition counseling.

Question 34

What could a nutrition counselor say to a client to raise awareness of a health problem?

A) You need to eat better so you can get your diabetes under control.
B) If you don't eat better, you could have a heart attack. What do you think about that?
C) What do you know about diabetes?
D) I know you are not ready to make changes right now, but are you interested in discussing the health issues associated with diabetes?
E) Diabetes can cause you to go blind and lose limbs. Do you want that to happen to you? What do you think about that?

Question 35

List and describe the four methods that can be used to assess readiness to change.

Question 36

Nutrition interviews and counseling cannot be conducted during brief interventions.

Question 37

Briefly describe the "typical day" strategy.

Question 38

Which of the following approaches could a nutrition counselor employ when working with a client in level 2 based on the motivational nutrition counseling algorithm?

A) Praise positive behaviors
B) Explore change options
C) Help client select appropriate goal
D) Summarize ambivalence
E) Personalize benefits