Deck 6: Extension: A - The Influence of Drugs and Hormones on Behavior

Question 1

The need to take increasing amounts of a drug in order to experience the same physical effect is called:

A) sensitization.
B) tolerance.
C) addiction.
D) dependence.

Answer 1

tolerance.

Question 2

Which of the following factors is more associated with the development of sensitization than with the development of tolerance for a particular drug?

A) fatigue during task performance
B) neuroplastic brain changes only at the drug's site of action
C) regular use
D) occasional use

Answer 2

occasional use

Question 3

A drug that is _____ is more readily absorbed from the stomach than one that is _____.

A) weakly basic; weakly acidic
B) weakly acidic; weakly basic
C) insoluble; soluble
D) digestible; indigestible

Answer 3

weakly acidic; weakly basic

Question 4

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is an agonist of which endogenous neurotransmitter?

A) GABA
B) glutamate
C) dopamine
D) anandamide

Question 5

A typical function of homeostatic hormones is:

A) activating sexual behaviors.
B) dealing with stressful psychological events.
C) controlling blood-sugar levels.
D) instructing the body to develop as a male or female.

Question 6

The organizational effect of gonadal hormones is exerted during:

A) early development.
B) adolescence.
C) adulthood.
D) learning.
Answer Key

Question 7

Most psychoactive drugs affect the functioning of the:

A) synapse.
B) astrocytes.
C) dendrites.
D) axon hillock.

Question 8

Antipsychotic drugs are thought to exert their effects, at least in part, by blocking one type of:

A) glutamate receptor.
B) thought process.
C) dopamine receptor.
D) action potential.

Question 9

Isbell et al. reported that research participants who drank alcohol steadily for 20 days showed _____ degrees of intoxication _____ blood alcohol levels due to _____.

A) increasing; but not; sensitization
B) increasing; and; sensitization
C) decreasing; and; tolerance
D) decreasing; but not; sensitization

Question 10

Nicotine acts primarily on _____ receptors.

A) dopamine
B) acetylcholine
C) GABA
D) histamine

Question 11

Diverse drugs of abuse may act through a common neurotransmitter system that releases:

A) endorphin.
B) serotonin.
C) dopamine.
D) GABA.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a stimulant?

A) LSD
B) caffeine
C) cocaine
D) amphetamine

Question 13

A drug that increases the effectiveness of neurotransmission is called a(n):

A) antagonist.
B) agonist.
C) neuromodulator.
D) stimulant.

Question 14

The brain's capillary network is largely isolated from that of the body's general circulation by the:

A) peripheral nervous system.
B) meninges.
C) blood-brain barrier.
D) Circle of Willis.

Question 15

A GABA antagonist would be likely to produce:

A) decreased anxiety and activity.
B) increased anxiety and activity.
C) respiratory depression.
D) visual hallucinations.

Question 16

According to the incentive - sensitization theory of drug addiction, wanting a drug may depend on _____ neurons, whereas liking a drug may depend on _____ neurons.

A) dopamine; glutamate
B) GABA; opioid
C) dopamine; opioid
D) opioid; dopamine

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT likely to interact at endorphin synapses?

A) morphine
B) heroin
C) naloxone
D) lithium carbonate

Question 18

The study of the effects of drugs on the function of the nervous system is:

A) psychopharmacology.
B) neuroendocrinology.
C) pharmacokinetics.
D) biopsychology.

Question 19

The blood-brain barrier is established by:

A) neurons and astrocytes.
B) neurons and smooth muscle cells.
C) endothelial cells and neurons.
D) endothelial cells and astrocytes.