Deck 5: Extension: C - Communication Between Neurons

Question 1

The loss of neurons whose main neurotransmitter is _____ is thought to be involved in the memory deficits seen in Alzheimer's disease.

A) dopamine
B) norepinephrine
C) acetylcholine
D) serotonin

Answer 1

acetylcholine

Question 2

Which experimental criterion is NOT used to identify a chemical as a neurotransmitter?

A) A substance must contain an amine group.
B) The chemical can be introduced into the synapse artificially to produce a response.
C) The chemical must be synthesized in or present in the neuron.
D) The chemical must be released when the neuron is active.

Answer 2

A substance must contain an amine group.

Question 3

Synapses where an axon releases a neurotransmitter directly into the blood are called _____ synapses.

A) axomuscular
B) axosomatic
C) axoextracellular
D) axosecretory

Answer 3

axosecretory

Question 4

Which type of postsynaptic receptor does NOT contain a pore and acts indirectly?

A) holotropic
B) ionotropic
C) second messenger
D) metabotropic

Question 5

The effects of the opiate drugs are MOST closely matched by _____.

A) acetylcholine
B) met-enkephalin
C) dopamine
D) histamine

Question 6

Dopamine is synthesized from _____.

A) tryptophan
B) tyrosine
C) glutamate
D) choline

Question 7

Transmitter - activated receptors are located _____.

A) on the presynaptic membrane
B) on the postsynaptic membrane
C) on both the pre- and postsynaptic membranes
D) in the nuclear membrane only

Question 8

Which neurotransmitter is used to treat Parkinson's disease?

A) histamine
B) acetylcholine
C) dopamine
D) NO

Question 9

During which step of neurotransmission is a neurotransmitter transported to the presynaptic membrane?

A) inactivation
B) release
C) receptor action
D) synthesis

Question 10

The _____ activating system is believed to be related to obsessive - compulsive disorder.

A) serotonergic
B) dopaminergic
C) cholinergic
D) noradrenergic
Answer Key

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected by the drug Viagra?

A) met-enkephalin
B) acetylcholine
C) dopamine
D) nitric oxide

Question 12

The substance that Otto Loewi found to accelerate the heart was later identified as _____.

A) glutamate
B) acetylcholine
C) epinephrine
D) Vagusstoff

Question 13

The number of substances now known to be peptide neurotransmitters is about _____.

A) 15
B) 24
C) 50
D) 375

Question 14

Which ion is mainly responsible for transmitter release?

A) Ca²⁺
B) Na⁺
C) K⁺
D) Cl^-

Question 15

The main transmitter found in the locus coeruleus is _____.

A) norepinephrine (NE)
B) dopamine (DA)
C) serotonin (5-HT)
D) acetylcholine (ACh)