Deck 24: Extension: C - Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Question 1

Research indicates children with autism spectrum disorder have some associated neuroanatomical changes that can be mapped to specific behavioral deficits. Children who exhibit impaired implicit memory may have an abnormal:

A) temporal lobe.
B) hippocampus.
C) cerebellum.
D) prefrontal cortex.

Answer 1

cerebellum.

Question 2

Asperger's syndrome is a milder form of _____.

A) hyperactivity
B) Down syndrome
C) autism
D) hyperlexia

Answer 2

autism

Question 3

_____ is the most common behavioral disturbance in children; it is characterized in part by impulsive behavior.

A) Hyperactivity
B) Autism
C) Fetal alcohol syndrome
D) Cerebral palsy

Answer 3

Hyperactivity

Question 4

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) produces a wide range of brain abnormalities, including all of the following EXCEPT:

A) abnormal gyri.
B) abnormal clusters of cells.
C) underdeveloped brains.
D) enlarged ventricles.

Question 5

Developmentally dyslexic individuals tend to score low on which subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children?

A) picture completion
B) arithmetic
C) object assembly
D) vocabulary

Question 6

Boys are NOT diagnosed more with _____ than girls.

A) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
B) fragile-X syndrome
C) autism
D) acquired dyslexia

Question 7

_____ could account for why people with autism report that the sound of traffic is frighteningly loud and noxious.

A) Habituation failure
B) Explicit memory deficits
C) Hyperlexia
D) Emotional reactivity

Question 8

Normal readers can discriminate between two auditory stimuli separated by intervals as brief as _____ milliseconds.

A) 100
B) 60
C) 10
D) 250

Question 9

Fragile - X syndrome involves a protein that affects a couple of different receptors. Which of the following treatments have proven some success in treatment of the social deficits in these patients?

A) dopamine agonists
B) glutamate agonists
C) cholinergic agonists
D) GABA agonists

Question 10

The symptoms of _____ with fragile - X syndrome are generally less severe than those of _____.

A) children; adults
B) adults; children
C) males; females
D) females; males

Question 11

_____ is a term describing unusual reading ability in otherwise cognitively impaired persons, such as children with autism.

A) Hypsography
B) Hyperlexia
C) Hypergraphia
D) Hypolexia

Question 12

The fact that children who enter school at a younger age perform at a significantly lower level than their older classmates do shows what is called the _____ effect.

A) maturational
B) birthday
C) seasonal
D) hockey
Answer Key

Question 13

The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome are worst if drinking takes place during the _____.

A) first trimester
B) second trimester
C) third trimester
D) last month of pregnancy

Question 14

Bradley and Bryant suggest that normal reading initially requires _____.

A) lexical skills
B) phonemic awareness
C) graphemic skills
D) spatial concentration

Question 15

_____ is treated by the insertion into one lateral ventricle of a valve and a tube that passes into a jugular vein to drain into the cardiac atrium.

A) Cerebral palsy
B) Hyperlexia
C) Fragile-X syndrome
D) Hydrocephalus