Deck 24: Extension: A - Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Question 1

Females with fragile - X syndrome have _____ severe symptoms than males because they have _____ X chromosome(s).

A) less; one
B) less; two
C) more; one
D) more; two

Answer 1

less; two

Question 2

Many more boys than girls are diagnosed as having:

A) cerebral palsy.
B) ADHD
C) hydrocephalus.
D) acquired dyslexia

Answer 2

ADHD

Question 3

The MOST likely cause(s) of cerebral palsy is(are):

A) febrile convulsions.
B) birth or developmental injury.
C) toxins in the water or air.
D) herpes simplex.

Answer 3

birth or developmental injury.

Question 4

The ACID profile is characteristic of which learning disorder?

A) hyperactive-child syndrome
B) cerebral palsy
C) fragile-X syndrome
D) dyslexia

Question 5

According to Orton, dyslexia results from:

A) early brain trauma.
B) anatomical absence.
C) delayed function.
D) environmental deprivation.

Question 6

Developmentally dyslexic individuals do particularly poorly on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children test of:

A) comprehension.
B) digit span.
C) similarities.
D) vocabulary.

Question 7

A less severe form of autism is termed:

A) savant syndrome.
B) Down's syndrome.
C) Asperger's syndrome.
D) hyperlexia.

Question 8

In Tallal's study, normal individuals required interstimulus intervals of _____ milliseconds in order to tell if one or two tones had been presented.

A) between 300 and 450
B) between 100 and 150
C) between 10 and 40
D) at least 650

Question 9

Reading by sounding out the phonemes is termed _____ reading.

A) graphemic
B) lexical
C) look and see
D) phonological

Question 10

Which is NOT considered to be a primary cause of reading disabilities?

A) auditory deficiency
B) phonological deficiency
C) attentional deficiency
D) sensory deficiency

Question 11

The male - to - female ratio in autism is about:

A) 2 to 1.
B) 3 to 1.
C) 4 to 1.
D) 6 to 1.

Question 12

Although controversial, the stimulant Ritalin is widely used in the treatment of:

A) dyslexia.
B) autism.
C) cerebral palsy.
D) hyperactivity.

Question 13

It is the result of early brain trauma. It is probably most useful as an "administrative term." It is not curable. It is:

A) Asperger's syndrome.
B) hydrocephalus.
C) cerebral palsy.
D) attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Question 14

The MOST typical cause of hydrocephalus is:

A) too much CSF production.
B) absence of lateral ventricles.
C) bad parenting.
D) obstruction to CSF flow.

Question 15

Impairments seen in children with autism in learning various motor skills and conditioned responses may be related MOST closely to abnormalities in the _____ of these individuals.

A) cerebellum
B) hippocampus
C) frontal lobe
D) temporal cortex

Question 16

The dictionary - like store of words in the brain is referred to as:

A) a grapheme store.
B) Wernicke's area.
C) a lexicon.
D) long-term memory.

Question 17

Stimulants may be effective for some cases of learning - disabled children because the cerebral activation increases:

A) motivation.
B) attention.
C) visual acuity.
D) reading skills.

Question 18

By adolescence, _____ percent to _____ percent of hyperactive children have begun to have problems with the law.

A) 5; 10
B) 15; 30
C) 25; 50
D) 50; 75

Question 19

Because reading is central to success in school _____ is central to the study of neurodevelopmental disorders.

A) strephosymbolia
B) dyslexia
C) learning disabilities
D) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Question 20

CSF is made by the:

A) choroid plexus.
B) foramina of Magendie.
C) fourth ventricle.
D) ventral hypothalamus.

Question 21

The Geschwind-Galaburda hypothesis proposes to account for all EXCEPT which of the following?

A) increased incidence of cerebral palsy in males
B) increased incidence of left-handedness in males
C) high incidence of precocity in males
D) higher incidence of autoimmune disorders in precocious males

Question 22

_____ percent of the offspring of alcoholic mothers have pronounced fetal alcohol syndrome.

A) Two
B) Six
C) Twelve
D) Twenty

Question 23

Children who enter school at a younger age tend to _____ their classmates.

A) perform at a lower level than
B) perform at a higher level than
C) perform at an equal level with
D) have fewer emotional problems than

Question 24

The Geschwind-Galaburda hypothesis suggests that _____ is(are) responsible for an asymmetric development of the cerebral hemispheres in males.

A) abnormal CSF flow patterns
B) early brain trauma
C) fetal testosterone
D) left-handedness