Deck 22: Extension: C - Attention and Consciousness

Question 1

Sensory neglect is a disorder that involves lesions to which brain region?

A) the right parietal cortex
B) the right temporal cortex
C) the right prefrontal cortex
D) the right visual cortex

Answer 1

the right parietal cortex

Question 2

In Moran and Desimone's experiment, attentional effects were observed _____.

A) only if the monkey had to reach for an object
B) in all visual areas studied
C) in area V1
D) in area TE

Answer 2

in area TE

Question 3

According to an imaging study conducted by Liston and colleagues, stress has what effect on brain regions subserving attentional performance?

A) decreased activation in DLPFC
B) increased activation in posterior parietal cortex
C) increased activation in Broca's area
D) decreased cerebellar activity

Answer 3

decreased activation in DLPFC

Question 4

The _____ works with the executive attentional network to keep unattended stimuli outside of conscious awareness.

A) amygdala
B) superior temporal gyrus
C) posterior parietal cortex
D) fusiform face area

Question 5

All of the following are processes believed to be prerequisites for consciousness EXCEPT:

A) arousal.
B) attention.
C) working memory.
D) language.

Question 6

When subjects fail to detect a second visual target if it is presented within half a second of the first one, this is called _____.

A) inattentional blindness
B) attentional blink
C) change blindness
D) retrograde amnesia

Question 7

"Pop - out" stimuli are associated with which type of visual system search?

A) conjunction
B) top-down
C) memorial
D) feature

Question 8

In Treisman's theory, attention is a cognitive process that serves to _____.

A) embed aspects of the visual world in long-term storage
B) determine the color of visual objects
C) select and integrate features in maps
D) place stimuli in object files

Question 9

Serial processing is used by subjects for _____.

A) "pop-out" searches in visual arrays
B) conjunction searches
C) detecting sad faces
D) searching for particular combinations of sensory information.

Question 10

There are several diffuse regions associated with consciousness. Koubeissi and colleagues, using deep brain stimulation methodology, identified which structure as being critical to coordinating the activity among these regions?

A) the claustrum
B) the insula
C) the posterior cingulate
D) the anterior cingulate

Question 11

Summarizing several studies, Corbetta and colleagues found that the parietal cortex is particularly active during tasks that require attention to _____.

A) movement
B) color
C) location
D) distance from the animal

Question 12

Bottom - up processing is associated with _____.

A) identification of "pop-out" stimuli in an array
B) the sort of search that one makes when trying to find a particular street
C) language development in children
D) searching for particular combinations of sensory information.

Question 13

Regarding attention, an example of an automatic process would be:

A) driving a five-speed (automatic shift) car
B) searching for a street sign
C) learning to play piano by ear
D) learning to read braille

Question 14

Temporary reductions in the field defect present in patients with contralateral neglect were observed by Rossetti after the use of _____.

A) aids to memory, such as taking notes on the location of objects
B) increased rewards for such reductions
C) prisms that shifted the visual field to the right
D) Contralateral neglect is impervious to attempts to reduce it.

Question 15

A key aspect of the reticular activating system (RAS) is the _____ projection from the locus coeruleus.

A) dopaminergic
B) serotonergic
C) noradrenergic
D) cholinergic