Deck 15: Therapies

Question 1

In which of the following situations is it appropriate for a therapist to breach confidentiality?

A) a spouse inquiry
B) a court order
C) an insurance company order
D) a relative asks a question

Answer 1

a court order

Question 2

According to the ethics of psychotherapy,the choices for treatment methods should be

A) whatever the HMO has certified and authorized.
B) based on a Freudian approach to understanding behavior.
C) made based on one's ability to pay.
D) carefully considered on an individual basis.

Answer 2

carefully considered on an individual basis.

Question 3

The underlying belief of psychoanalytic psychotherapy is that emotional problems result from

A) repressed conflicts.
B) conscious indecision over major stressors.
C) excessive sexual activity.
D) the inability to feel guilt.

Answer 3

repressed conflicts.

Question 4

Sometimes a therapist cannot get at the crux of a client's problems because the client uses unconscious defense strategies for protection.When this happens,________ is said to be occurring.

A) transference
B) catharsis
C) resistance
D) defiance

Question 5

What is the relationship between the ethical use of a treatment and its evaluation?

A) Evaluation of treatment effectiveness is at the discretion of the therapist.
B) The effectiveness of a treatment must be evaluated in some way.
C) If a treatment is in use,it is assumed to be effective for most patients.
D) Insurance companies determine whether a treatment is effective or not.

Question 6

The process used by mental health professionals to help people with psychological problems is known as

A) behavior therapy.
B) psychotherapy.
C) psychoanalytic treatment.
D) drug therapy.

Question 7

Free association is most closely associated with ________ psychotherapy.

A) client-centered
B) Gestalt
C) cognitive
D) psychoanalytic

Question 8

For therapy to be ethical,therapist and client must agree on the ________ of the psychotherapy.

A) cost
B) goals
C) insurance carrier
D) payments

Question 9

If a therapist cannot respect the beliefs and ways of a client,then the ethical therapist should

A) change his or her own beliefs to conform.
B) prescribe non-habit forming medication.
C) refer that person to another therapist.
D) try to change the client's mind.

Question 10

Which type of therapist would most likely use free association and dream analysis to explain unconscious motivations?

A) a feminist therapist
B) a cognitive therapist
C) a psychoanalyst
D) a Gestalt therapist

Question 11

What do free association and dream interpretation have in common?

A) They are part of client-centered therapy.
B) They were used by Freud to uncover unconscious thoughts.
C) They are used as an alternative to psychoanalysis.
D) They are part of all psychotherapies.

Question 12

The highest ethical standards must be maintained during psychotherapy due to differences in ________ between the therapist and the client.

A) power
B) social standing
C) income
D) education

Question 13

Jennifer canceled her next appointment with her analyst after a particularly disturbing session.The analyst would probably suggest Jennifer's behavior is an example of

A) transference.
B) resistance.
C) catharsis.
D) working through.

Question 14

If a therapist encounters a problem with a patient that the therapist has not been trained to treat,what should the ethical therapist do?

A) The therapist should refer that case to a qualified therapist who treats that problem.
B) He or she should go back to school to learn about the problem,then help the patient.
C) The therapist should help the patient in any way using the best knowledge has available to him or her.
D) The therapist should send the patient to a medical doctor for drug intervention treatment.

Question 15

A psychological method in the use of psychotherapy can be any kind of human interaction as long as it is based on

A) past use.
B) theory.
C) ability to pay.
D) non-controversial data.

Question 16

When resistance occurs in therapy,what event is taking place?

A) The procedure of free association is inoperative.
B) The therapist must resist growing attraction for the client.
C) The client will not share deep personal problems.
D) The client opens up and shares difficult emotional feelings.

Question 17

To relax the patient's conscious control and interpret unconscious symbols through therapy describes the approaches of a

A) humanistic psychologist.
B) behavior therapist.
C) psychoanalyst.
D) Gestalt therapist.

Question 18

What do the goals of treatment,choice of treatment,and voluntary client participation have in common? They are ________ considerations in psychotherapy.

A) monetary
B) ethical
C) cultural
D) moral

Question 19

For Freud,the obvious interpretation of the meaning of a dream is known as the ______ content.

A) latent
B) hidden
C) manifest
D) foundational

Question 20

The client's tendency to express feelings of affection and approval to the psychoanalyst is called

A) transference.
B) interpretation.
C) free association.
D) unconditional regard.

Question 21

Which of the following is a goal of interpersonal psychotherapy in helping a client with depression?

A) express feelings in constructive ways
B) focus on understanding the past
C) develop a healthy pessimistic focus
D) fix all relationships,no matter what

Question 22

Which of the following is a contemporary neo-Freudian form of psychotherapy that ignores unconscious motivation?

A) social skills training
B) systematic desensitization
C) interpersonal psychotherapy
D) assertiveness training

Question 23

A new form of therapy loosely based on psychoanalysis is called

A) client-centered psychotherapy.
B) interpersonal psychotherapy.
C) humanistic therapy.
D) cognitive restructuring.

Question 24

Rose went into a long-lasting depression after the loss of her father.She was urged by family members to seek treatment.Her therapist specializes in the treatment of depression and follows a detailed treatment manual.Rose likes the fact that the therapist is paying attention to her feelings.What kind of therapist is Rose seeing?

A) a psychoanalyst
B) a behavioral therapist
C) a community psychologist
D) an interpersonal psychotherapist

Question 25

If a psychotherapist is working hard to create a condition where the censorship of the ego is relaxed,then this person is most likely using a ______ approach to psychotherapy.

A) psychoanalytic
B) humanistic
C) behavioral
D) cognitive

Question 26

According to Freudian dream interpretation,the obvious content of a person's dream hides the true meaning or content of the dream,called the ______ content.

A) obtuse
B) subliminal
C) latent
D) manifest

Question 27

Which of the following would be an example of catharsis occurring during a therapy session? The patient

A) calls his mother and father and forgives them.
B) pays for the therapy session in pennies.
C) blurts out his feelings and becomes very emotional.
D) discovers an attraction to his female psychoanalyst.

Question 28

Interpersonal psychotherapy is a brief form of psychotherapy that usually lasts

A) 24 hours.
B) 26 to 52 weeks.
C) 1 to 2 weeks.
D) 12 to 16 weeks.

Question 29

What type of psychotherapy uses the technique called reflection?

A) psychoanalysis
B) Gestalt therapy
C) behavior therapy
D) client-centered therapy

Question 30

In client-centered psychotherapy,the therapist must have an accurate understanding of the emotions and sharing of the client.This concept is known as

A) telepathy.
B) homeopathy.
C) psychopathy.
D) empathy.

Question 31

The therapist's principal job in client-centered therapy is to

A) convey thoughtful interpretations.
B) create a safe atmosphere.
C) be critical of the patient's irrational beliefs.
D) develop a conditional therapeutic situation.

Question 32

After several months in psychoanalysis,Ryan had an emotional outburst during which he cried and sobbed as he talked about a childhood experience.Freud termed this emotional release

A) transference.
B) catharsis.
C) regression.
D) id release.

Question 33

A client made sexual advances toward his therapist,not because of the physical attraction he thinks he feels,but because unconsciously he needs assurance that he will not be dropped from therapy.In psychoanalysis,this behavior is known as

A) reactance.
B) catharsis.
C) transference.
D) free association.

Question 34

Which of the following is a characteristic of interpersonal psychotherapy?

A) usually lasts 1 year or longer
B) focuses on transference
C) ignores unconscious motivation
D) maximizes discussion of the past

Question 35

In terms of therapeutic approaches,which approach is based on the premise that people possess the capacity to solve their own problems if given help in confronting troubling things?

A) psychoanalysis
B) behavior therapy
C) client-centered therapy
D) somatic therapy

Question 36

The relief gained from therapy when unconscious conflicts are released and intense emotions are experienced is called

A) catharsis.
B) transference.
C) interpretation.
D) manifestation.

Question 37

When a patient starts acting toward his therapist as if he were a child and the therapist were a parent (and seeking parental approval),______ has occurred in this patient-therapist relationship.

A) association
B) catharsis
C) resistance
D) transference

Question 38

If a therapist were asking a client to talk in a loose and undirected way about anything that was popping into their minds,then the therapist would be using a technique called

A) catharsis.
B) free association.
C) dream analysis.
D) transference.

Question 39

Sherice started seeing a psychotherapist because of marital problems.She is unhappy because she feels her husband does not give her enough attention.After several sessions,she is quite taken with her male therapist because he gives her undivided attention.This growing affection for the therapist is called

A) resistance.
B) latent content.
C) reflection.
D) transference.

Question 40

When Jane said,"I just feel like my father never listened to me;he just blocked me out like I wasn't significant enough to be considered," her counselor said,"You sound hurt and angry that your father didn't pay more attention to you." The therapist was using the client-centered technique of

A) reflection.
B) interpretation.
C) resistance.
D) flooding.

Question 41

An approach to therapy that emphasizes the learning of new skills is the __________ approach.

A) Gestalt
B) cognitive
C) behavioral
D) client-centered

Question 42

A therapist guided her client to perform new behaviors by giving instructions and demonstrations.The therapist most likely used

A) social skills training.
B) cognitive therapy.
C) psychoanalytic therapy.
D) humanistic therapy.

Question 43

Mary's therapist focuses on her current situation and aids her by sharing feelings and providing warmth.This therapist is most likely to have a background in

A) client-centered therapy.
B) psychoanalysis.
C) behavior therapy.
D) psychoanalytic psychotherapy.

Question 44

A behavioral therapist may have a client watch people perform a desired behavior so that the client will learn the desired behavior or at least recognize it.This is a form of

A) classical conditioning.
B) systematic desensitization.
C) social skills training.
D) extinction therapy.

Question 45

Using cognitive-behavior therapy,a therapist may help a depressed client by helping the client resume activities that are meaningful and enjoyable.This approach to minimizing the negative effects of depression is known as

A) magnification.
B) behavioral activation.
C) cathartic rescue.
D) safe emergency.

Question 46

A Gestalt psychotherapist is ______ conversations during therapy sessions.

A) video- but not audio-recording
B) never a participant in
C) actively involved in
D) passively listening to

Question 47

Which of the following best described behavioral activation? Helping a client resume

A) potentially enjoyable activities.
B) their regular medication regimen.
C) regular therapy sessions.
D) confrontations with family members.

Question 48

In social skills training,a therapist typically ________ appropriate social behaviors.

A) talks about
B) avoids
C) reads about
D) models

Question 49

When a client-centered therapist is using ______,the therapist helps the client clarify feelings expressed by mirroring back the emotions of the client.

A) catharsis
B) reflection
C) free association
D) immersion

Question 50

Gestalt psychotherapy grew out of the same school of thought as

A) client-centered therapy.
B) psychoanalytic therapy.
C) behavioral therapy.
D) social skills training.

Question 51

A therapist using ______ therapy strives to create a safe atmosphere so that clients will feel free to express themselves.

A) interpersonal
B) Freudian
C) medical
D) client-centered

Question 52

Which type of therapist is most likely to maintain that a client is acting depressed because the behavior is being rewarded by the people around the client?

A) a psychoanalyst
B) a client-centered therapist
C) a Gestalt therapist
D) a behavior therapist

Question 53

To vigorously challenge and question clients about critical issues and force them to face their problems are techniques used in ________ therapy.

A) reflective
B) Gestalt
C) client-centered
D) humanistic

Question 54

Role playing is a technique used in

A) rationalization therapy.
B) safe emergency.
C) genuine empathy.
D) social skills training.

Question 55

In Gestalt therapy,the therapist shows concern for the client but also deals with the client in a confrontational and challenging manner.This environment where the client is attempting to improve via confrontation is known as a

A) safe emergency.
B) cathartic freefall.
C) nondirective tour.
D) leap of faith.

Question 56

When a therapist helps a person overcome a phobia by gradually accompanying the patient from mildly fearful event to more fearful events,the therapist is using the ______ technique.

A) free interpretation
B) graded exposure
C) intermittent punishment
D) catharsis

Question 57

Bob went to a therapist because he is afraid of crowds.After Bob is taught to relax,the therapist will use a technique called ________ to help Bob decrease his fear.

A) graded exposure
B) transference
C) reflection
D) role playing

Question 58

The fundamental belief of cognitive-behavior therapy is that individuals are abnormal because

A) their environment taught them to be abnormal.
B) their parents became fixated at an early age.
C) the id and ego employ too many defense mechanisms.
D) the real self and ideal self are in tumultuous conflict.

Question 59

The ______ approach to psychotherapy is most closely associated with the social learning theory of personality.

A) eclectic
B) psychoanalytic
C) humanistic
D) cognitive-behavior

Question 60

We are not born with an unconscious mind according to

A) Freud.
B) Rogers.
C) Adler.
D) Horney.

Question 61

If you tend to downplay or ignore compliments given to you,and this behavior is taken to the extreme,Beck might suggest that you are exhibiting the cognitive error of

A) selective abstraction.
B) minimization.
C) graded exposure.
D) safe emergency.

Question 62

Jorge made the comment,"Things never work out for me.Anytime I'm involved in a project something breaks." What kind of thinking does Jorge's statement indicate?

A) personalization
B) selective abstraction
C) reaction formation
D) transference

Question 63

When a therapist and client act as if they were people in a problematic social situation,the therapist is employing the ______ technique.

A) role-playing
B) immersion
C) systematic desensitization
D) reverse shaping

Question 64

Dr.Susan is your family therapist.She believes that to adequately understand psychological problems,she must understand the role that you play in the family system.Which of the following statements supports that underlying belief?

A) Older siblings are usually relied upon to provide therapeutic solutions.
B) The individual must be cured before the remainder of the family is infected.
C) Problems of the individual are often caused by problems in the family.
D) Mothers and fathers are the cause of almost every psychological problem.

Question 65

If your pattern of thinking is that every time you get a phone call it will be bad news,then you are making the cognitive error of

A) graded exposure.
B) minimization.
C) arbitrary inference.
D) cathartic leap.

Question 66

Patients often believe their problems are unique and not shared by others.Which therapy particularly helps patients see that others have problems too?

A) psychoanalytic therapy
B) behavioral therapy
C) client-centered therapy
D) group therapy

Question 67

Which statement best compares the use of medications to cognitive therapy?

A) Medications are superior in their control of behavior.
B) Medications are used to prevent depression.
C) Cognitive therapy can be used only after depression is detected.
D) Cognitive therapy can be used to prevent depression in predisposed people.

Question 68

Social skills training is a specific technique of

A) psychosurgery.
B) interpersonal psychotherapy.
C) cognitive-behavior training.
D) Gestalt therapy.

Question 69

You tell your boyfriend of five years how much you love and care about him and that he doesn't compare to anyone else from your past.Your boyfriend forgets about all the nice things and only focuses on your comment about past boyfriends.You current boyfriend is unfortunately using the technique called

A) magnification.
B) arbitrary inference.
C) selective abstraction.
D) overgeneralization.

Question 70

Someone who uses cognitive restructuring believes that ______ are the causes of abnormal behavior.

A) parental relationships
B) maladaptive beliefs
C) chemical imbalances
D) childhood experiences

Question 71

Helping the patient to think clearly and rationally,to dispel irrational beliefs,and to find the connections between beliefs and feelings are the goals of

A) behavior therapists.
B) psychoanalytic therapists.
C) humanistic therapists.
D) cognitive therapists.

Question 72

The therapy based on the assumption that abnormal behavior is due to faulty ways of thinking and believing is

A) humanistic psychotherapy.
B) cognitive therapy.
C) Gestalt therapy.
D) psychoanalysis.

Question 73

According to Ellis and Beck,people become psychologically disturbed because they

A) learn maladaptive behaviors.
B) are unaware of unconscious conflicts.
C) have maladaptive ways of thinking.
D) are aware of their irrational beliefs.

Question 74

Which of the following is a goal of family therapy?

A) decrease communication among family members
B) decrease the amount of intimacy among family members
C) decrease the number of rules set for all family members
D) increase the amount of warmth among family members

Question 75

Which of the following is an advantage to group psychotherapy?

A) letting other people solve your problems for you
B) learning that your problems are unique to you
C) getting more individual attention from the therapist
D) learning that you are not alone in your problems

Question 76

After her poem was not selected for the school literary magazine,Kate concluded that she must not be a good writer.Which type of maladaptive cognition best fits Kate's thinking?

A) selective abstraction
B) projection
C) overgeneralization
D) rationalization

Question 77

Making more efficient use of a therapist's time is an advantage of ________ psychotherapy.

A) Freudian
B) Jungian
C) feminist
D) group

Question 78

Shaping and positive reinforcement are specific tools used in the cognitive-behavior technique known as

A) unconditional positive regard.
B) self-actualization.
C) catharsis.
D) social skills training.

Question 79

Which of the following would indicate absolute thinking?

A) thinking you will never find a job after being fired
B) saying that your girlfriend is a cheat after she looked at another man
C) thinking that the weather is bad because you want to be outside
D) saying that your life has been nothing but wonderful

Question 80

The person who truly thinks that it rained today to punish them for getting their car washed today is most likely exhibiting the signs of

A) selective abstraction.
B) absolutist thinking.
C) minimization.
D) personalization.