Deck 1: Section 2: Introduction to the Science of Psychology: History and Research Methods

Question 1

When you watch dogs play in the park or watch how your professors conduct their classes, you are engaging in a form of ______.

A)case study research
B)naturalistic observation
C)survey research
D)psychometric study

Answer 1

naturalistic observation

Question 2

Which school of psychology questioned whether psychologists should study the mind?

A)psychodynamic theory
B)behaviorism
C)Gestalt psychology
D)the cognitive revolution

Answer 2

behaviorism

Question 3

John Locke argued that ________.

A)all human knowledge stems from experience.
B)most of human knowledge stems from experience.
C)very little human knowledge stems from experience.
D)some of human knowledge is with us from the day we are born.

Answer 3

all human knowledge stems from experience.

Question 4

Deceiving participants in a psychological study is _____________.

A)never allowed
B)not addressed as an issue of concern by most IRBs
C)allowed so long as participants will not be harmed (only)
D)allowed so long as participants will not be harmed and the knowledge gained clearly outweighs the use of dishonesty

Question 5

________ was the first woman President of the American Psychological Association in 1905.

A)Mary Whiton Calkins
B)Elizabeth Spelke
C)Anne Treisman
D)Margaret Floy Washburn

Question 6

The goal of describing rules that determine how particular sensations or feelings may occur at the same time or in sequence is most associated with which of the following schools of psychology?

A)Behaviorism
B)Cognitivism
C)Functionalism
D)Structuralism

Question 7

Psychology is defined as the science of ________.

A)human functioning.
B)the mind and behavior.
C)human motivation and thinking.
D)behavior problems and mental illness.

Question 8

An experiment is valid if

A)it produces reliable findings.
B)if its findings are consistent across experiments.
C)if it measures what the investigator designed it to measure.
D)if its measures are both reliable and consistent across experiments.

Question 9

A correlation coefficient is a numerical measure of the __________________.

A)unintended changes in participants' behavior due to cues from the experimenter
B)relationship between two variables
C)behaviors of participants of different ages compared at a given time
D)behaviors of participants followed and periodically assessed over time

Question 10

Mei was sent to the school psychologist to be tested.Based on her IQ scores it was decided that she would do well in the gifted child program.This is an example of which goal of psychology?

A)describing behavior
B)explaining behavior
C)predicting behavior
D)controlling behavior