Deck 7: Coping,resilience,and Social Support

Question 1

Improvements in the technology of pain control have led to

A) increased use of improved pharmacological pain-control techniques.
B) a shift in the responsibility for pain control from the practitioner to the patient.
C) increased acceptance of co-management of pain by the practitioner and the patient.
D) state-of-the-art treatments for chronic pain becoming increasingly available at local clinics and hospitals.

Answer 1

increased acceptance of co-management of pain by the practitioner and the patient.

Question 2

In general,the health trends for most Americans have _______________ in recent years.

A) improved
B) remained unchanged
C) become more variable
D) worsened

Answer 2

improved

Question 3

According to the text,over the past 25 years Americans' alcohol consumption has _______________ and exercise has ______________.

A) decreased; increased
B) increased; decreased
C) remained unchanged; decreased
D) remained unchanged; increased

Answer 3

remained unchanged; increased

Question 4

Future programs targeting the management of chronic illness must incorporate

A) cost-effective interventions to improve quality of life.
B) assessment of needs in all domains of life during the acute period of illness.
C) regular needs assessment over the long term to identify potential problems.
D) All of these.

Question 5

Comprehensive intervention models

A) concentrate and coordinate medical and psychological expertise.
B) have yet to be developed for chronic diseases.
C) have proven to be less expensive than other models and remarkably cost effective.
D) All of these.

Question 6

Changes in society,technology,and microorganisms are leading to

A) the emergence of new diseases.
B) the reemergence of diseases that once were successfully controlled.
C) problems with drug-resistant strains of once successfully controlled disorders.
D) All of these.

Question 7

Early drug prevention programs,such as DARE,are an example of

A) cost containment.
B) behavioral immunization.
C) cost effectiveness.
D) patient consumerism.

Question 8

The use of new technologies in medical care may be frightening for some people.According to your text,a health psychologist can assist these patients and their families by

A) testifying before government committees on the hazards of technology.
B) teaching control-enhancing techniques to help reduce fear.
C) advising the patient's physician on ethical issues.
D) A health psychologist has no useful role in this situation.

Question 9

Women live _________ years longer than men on average.

A) 0.
B) 2.
C) 4.5.
D) 6.5.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic problems facing the health care system in the United States?

A) Health care costs too much.
B) The system is inequitable.
C) Third-party providers have failed to act responsibly.
D) Many consumers make inappropriate use of the system.

Question 11

Health care in the United States is becoming

A) increasingly egalitarian.
B) more accessible to the poor, but the number of middle-class households without health insurance is increasing.
C) increasingly oriented toward health promotion and primary prevention.
D) a two-tiered system.

Question 12

In the future,health promotion interventions will most likely target the

A) schools.
B) community.
C) workplace.
D) All of these.

Question 13

As the elderly population increases,a corresponding increase is expected in the incidence of

A) acute, but life-threatening, disorders.
B) Type A behavior.
C) chronic disorders.
D) Alzheimer's disease.

Question 14

Refocusing health promotion strategies toward morbidity

A) should reduce health care costs.
B) will not enhance quality of life.
C) is unnecessary because there will always be 10 top causes of death.
D) is not a productive move.

Question 15

Trends within medical care suggest that the problem of patient-practitioner communication is likely to

A) improve.
B) worsen.
C) hamper physician's efforts to find cost-effectiveness treatments.
D) become less important than cost-containment.

Question 16

Risk of heart disease ____________ following menopause for women.

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) disappears.
D) remains the same.

Question 17

The most significant change in American health care that has implications for health psychology is

A) the expense of high technology.
B) trends in physician education.
C) the rapid growth of prepaid, colleague-centered service.
D) patient consumerism.

Question 18

Women

A) live on average five years longer than men.
B) are sick more often than men.
C) are decreasing their use of health-compromising substances.
D) All of these.

Question 19

Significant gains in the quality of life would best be achieved by reorienting the focus of health promotion toward

A) reducing the period of morbidity.
B) delaying mortality.
C) early identification of risk factors.
D) All of these.

Question 20

Health promotion programs that target the elderly

A) are a waste of money because health habits are established early in life.
B) are important right now, but they will become less important as the size of the elderly cohort declines over the next 10 years.
C) will become increasingly important as the size of the elderly cohort continues to increase over the next 10 years.
D) will become less important because the elderly cohort is exceptionally healthy and active.

Question 21

Pain management programs,hospices,and CHD rehabilitation programs are examples of

A) coordinated intervention models.
B) out-patient treatment centers.
C) comprehensive intervention models.
D) fee-for-service models.

Question 22

Explain the role of health psychology within the context of health care reform in the United States.Explain what is meant by comprehensive intervention models.What contributions might a team of health psychologists make to health care delivery under this model?

Question 23

Americans have made substantial gains in changing poor health habits,including reduced consumption of high-cholesterol,high-fat foods.

Question 24

Explain current pressures toward cost containment of health care costs.In what ways do these economic factors affect research and practice in health psychology?

Question 25

There is no role for health psychologists in international health.

Question 26

The current trend toward cost containment pushes health psychology in the direction of research questions designed to

A) develop interventions that are time-limited, symptom-focused, and offered as outpatient services.
B) keep patients out of the health care system.
C) lower the costs of providing health care services.
D) All of these.

Question 27

Some research suggests that because men and women differ in their biochemistry,smoking may be only half as hazardous for women as for men.

Question 28

Choose one of the health-related behaviors that was covered in the text (e.g.,smoking,alcohol consumption).Using this behavior as your example,explain how research in health psychology can make a contribution to health promotion in the United States and abroad.

Question 29

The demographics of people with AIDS are shifting to ethnic minorities,women,and the poor.

Question 30

The health needs of vulnerable populations (e.g.,children and the poor)should be afforded special priority in the study of stress and its reduction.

Question 31

As medicine becomes technologically more complex,the use of control-enhancing interventions will become even more important.

Question 32

To date,research has yet to establish the effectiveness of behavioral immunization programs that address health habits such as smoking,drug abuse,and diet.

Question 33

_____________ medicine is the conscientious,explicit,judicious use of the best scientific evidence for making decisions about the care of individual patients.

A) Treatment-effective
B) Cost containment
C) Cost effective
D) Evidence-based

Question 34

Most health psychologists work in

A) private practice.
B) hospitals and clinics.
C) universities and other academic settings.
D) governmental agencies.

Question 35

You want to become a health psychologist conducting research on the lifestyle choices that impact management of Type II Diabetes.To what kind of graduate program should you apply?

A) social psychology
B) clinical psychology
C) physiological psychology
D) developmental psychology

Question 36

Most surveys suggest that patients want less expensive high-technology medical treatment except in the terminal phase of illness.

Question 37

The issue of treatment effectiveness is becoming less urgent because behavioral and psychological interventions have become well established in managed health care systems.

Question 38

Discuss the path to becoming a health psychologist.How can undergraduate,graduate,and postgraduate work contribute towards gaining employment.

Question 39

Although some of the racial difference in health stems from differences in socioeconomic status,some is due to the stresses of racism.