Deck 10: Medicine in a Pluralistic Society-PART A

Question 1

On the social model of disability what constitutes an impairment?

A) An atypical or abnormal feature of the body or brain
B) A specific incapacity
C) The social disadvantages faced by persons who are physically unusual
D) All of these choices

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What presumption should research always begin with, according to Patricia A. King?

A) That, with respect to disease, black persons and white persons are biologically distinct
B) That, with respect to disease, black persons and white persons are biologically identical
C) That, with respect to research, examination of diseases that affect primarily black persons should be favored over those that affect primarily white persons
D) That, with respect to research, examination of diseases should be racially colorblind

Answer 2

B

Question 3

On the social model of disability what constitutes a handicap?

A) An atypical or abnormal feature of the body or brain
B) A specific incapacity
C) The social disadvantages faced by persons who are physically unusual
D) All of these choices

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The reason for which few scientists advocate abandoning the use of racial terminology in research and clinical practice is which of the following?

A) Most diseases have a genetic component that is race-linked.
B) Categories of race have a profound impact on people's lives and health.
C) African Americans have been systematically discriminated against and this situation needs to be addressed by leaving out the use of racial terminology.
D) All of these choices.

Question 5

A society that embraces diverse ways of being and living is often called

A) egalitarian.
B) free.
C) pluralistic.
D) equalitarian.

Question 6

What value was invoked as an evolving ideal by both Martin Luther King, Jr., and Abraham Lincoln?

A) Paternalism
B) Equality
C) Autonomy
D) Freedom

Question 7

One of the foundational ideas behind a more genuinely pluralistic and egalitarian society, as elaborated by thinkers ranging from Thomas Jefferson to Martin Luther King, Jr., is that the recognition of human dignity, autonomy, and vulnerability should depend

A) on nature and culture both.
B) not on the accidents of birth or biology but on our commonalities as persons or citizens in a moral community.
C) not on stereotypes but on individual merit.
D) not on cultural identities but on social values.

Question 8

What is the term for the tendency to approach men as the paradigmatic model of the human species?

A) Cisgendering
B) Transgendering
C) Heterocentrism
D) Androcentrism

Question 9

How much human genetic variation occurs within traditional categories of race?

A) 25%
B) 45%
C) 65%
D) 85%

Question 10

Richard Cooper's research on hypertension rates suggests which of the following?

A) Race should be used as a medical proxy.
B) Hypertension rates are genetically based.
C) The racial gap in rates of hypertension in the United States is the result of environmental factors.
D) All of these choices

Question 11

What surface trait did traditional notions of race take to be indicative of underlying genetic differences?

A) Skin color
B) Facial features
C) Hair texture
D) All of these choices

Question 12

According to Minkoff and Paltrow, granting more extensive rights to the unborn than are held by born individuals comes at the expense of which value?

A) Autonomy
B) Informed consent
C) Justice
D) All of these choices

Question 13

What conception of disability is premised on the idea that there is a universal standard of functioning for human beings?

A) The social concept of disability
B) The medical concept of disability
C) The pragmatic concept of disability
D) The pluralistic concept of disability

Question 14

The use of race as a social construct is what Michael Montoya calls

A) pragmatic.
B) descriptive.
C) attributive.
D) definitive.

Question 15

Powell and Stein point to evidence that indicates that sexual orientation is likely to be a product of

A) genetics only.
B) environment only.
C) both genetics and environment.
D) either genetics or environment, but not both.