Deck 9: Electrons in Atoms and the Periodic Table

Question 1

The early scientists who developed the quantum-mechanical model were bewildered by the model and it altered our fundamental view of matter.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

X-rays damage biological molecules.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

An emission spectrum results when light emitted by glowing gas is passed through a prism.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Light travels through space at a speed of 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s.

Question 5

A photon of red light contains the same amount of energy as a photon of blue light.

Question 6

A particle of light is called a packet.

Question 7

Visible light makes up the largest portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Question 8

Each element produces its own unique and distinctive emission spectrum.

Question 9

A red shirt appears red to our eyes because the shirt absorbs the red wavelengths of visible light.

Question 10

When the elements are arranged in order of increasing number of protons,certain sets of properties recur periodically.

Question 11

Bohr showed that the emission spectrum of hydrogen was continuous with no interruption across the entire visible wavelength range.

Question 12

In order for a substance to be heated in a microwave,it must contain water.

Question 13

Wavelength of visible light determines color.

Question 14

The shorter the wavelength of light,the more energy it has.

Question 15

The great success of the Bohr model of the atom is that it predicted the emission spectrum lines of multi-electronic elements like helium.

Question 16

When an atom absorbs energy,it often re-emits that energy as heat.

Question 17

Ultraviolet light produces suntans and sunburns.

Question 18

Light is a type of matter.

Question 19

The heat you feel when you place your hand near a hot object is ultraviolet radiation.

Question 20

The most energetic photons are gamma rays.

Question 21

The correct electron configuration for magnesium is: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s^3.

Question 22

Electrons behave like particles and we can describe their exact paths.

Question 23

A principal shell with a value of n=3 would contain s,p,d,and f orbitals.

Question 24

The elements will lose or gain electrons as needed to have an electron configuration that matches a noble gas.

Question 25

Transition metal elements always contain at least one "d" block electron.

Question 26

All subshells within the same principal shell have the same energy.

Question 27

The higher the principal quantum number,the lower the orbital energy.

Question 28

Bromine has 28 core electrons.

Question 29

An orbital is a probability map showing exactly where an electron can be found in an atom.

Question 30

The possible values for the principal quantum numbers are: n = 0,1,2,3,4.

Question 31

The orbital diagram for fluorine shows 1 unpaired electron in a p orbital.

Question 32

The correct electron configuration for fluorine is: 1s²2s²2p^5.

Question 33

The element manganese (symbol = Mn)has five valence electrons.

Question 34

The ground state is when an electron in an atom is excited into the lowest possible vacant orbital.

Question 35

The ionization energy of lithium is higher than that of fluorine.

Question 36

The energy of each Bohr orbit increases with increasing value of "n",but levels become more closely spaced as "n" increases.

Question 37

The energy of an electron orbit is quantized.

Question 38

Bromine has 17 valence electrons.

Question 39

The Pauli exclusion principle states that orbitals may hold no more than two electrons of identical spins.

Question 40

The subshells of the orbital are represented by the possible letters: s,p,d,or f.

Question 41

Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?

A)Radio Waves
B)Microwaves
C)X-rays
D)Gamma Rays
E)Infrared Radiation

Question 42

Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest frequency?

A)Radio Waves
B)Microwaves
C)X-rays
D)Gamma Rays
E)Infrared Radiation

Question 43

AA

Question 44

The number of cycles of a wave that passes a stationary point in one second is called its

A)wavelength.
B)frequency.
C)crest.
D)trough.
E)none of the above

Question 45

Based on relative location on the periodic table,a carbon atom is larger in atomic size than a phosphorous atom.

Question 46

Which form of electromagnetic radiation has photons with the highest energy?

A)Radio Waves
B)Microwaves
C)X-rays
D)Gamma Rays
E)Infrared Radiation

Question 47

What happens to an atom when it absorbs energy?

A)The atom stores the energy for later use.
B)The extra energy increases the speed of the electrons in their orbitals.
C)The atom re-emits the energy as heat.
D)The atom re-emits the energy as light.
E)none of the above

Question 48

How are wavelength and frequency of light related?

A)Wavelength is one-half of the frequency.
B)Wavelength is double the frequency.
C)Wavelength increases as frequency increases.
D)Wavelength increases as the frequency decreases.
E)Wavelength is independent of frequency.

Question 49

Which of the statements about light is FALSE?

A)Light travels through space at a speed of 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s.
B)Light travels much faster than sound.
C)A packet of light energy is called a photon.
D)A characteristic feature of light that determines its color is its wavelength.
E)All of the above statements are true.

Question 50

Which color of the visible spectrum has the longest wavelength (750 nm)?

A)red
B)orange
C)green
D)violet
E)yellow

Question 51

Which color of the visible spectrum has the shortest wavelength (400 nm)?

A)red
B)orange
C)green
D)violet
E)yellow

Question 52

What is the correct order of the electromagnetic spectrum from shortest wavelength to longest?

A)Gamma Rays→X-rays→Ultraviolet Radiation→Visible Light→Infrared Radiation→Microwaves→Radio Waves
B)Visible Light→Infrared Radiation→Microwaves→Radio Waves→Gamma Rays→X-rays→Ultraviolet Radiation
C)Radio Waves→X-rays→Ultraviolet Radiation→Visible Light→Infrared Radiation→Microwaves→Gamma Rays
D)Gamma Rays→X-rays→Visible Light→Ultraviolet Radiation→Infrared Radiation→Microwaves→Radio Waves
E)Gamma Rays→X-rays→Infrared Radiation→Visible Light→Ultraviolet Radiation→Microwaves→Radio Waves

Question 53

Which form of electromagnetic radiation has photons with the lowest energy?

A)Radio Waves
B)Microwaves
C)X-rays
D)Gamma Rays
E)Infrared Radiation

Question 54

Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength?

A)Radio Waves
B)Microwaves
C)X-rays
D)Gamma Rays
E)Infrared Radiation

Question 55

Which color of the visible spectrum has photons with the most energy?

A)red
B)orange
C)green
D)violet
E)yellow

Question 56

Which among the following statements is TRUE?

A)The wavelength of light is inversely related to its energy.
B)As the energy increases,the frequency of radiation decreases.
C)As the wavelength increases,the frequency also increases.
D)Red light has a shorter wavelength than violet light.
E)none of the above

Question 57

When neon light is passed through a prism,what is observed?

A)continuous spectrum
B)nothing
C)bright spots or lines
D)white light
E)none of the above

Question 58

The atomic size of lithium is larger than the atomic size of nitrogen.

Question 59

The distance between adjacent wave crests is called

A)wavelength.
B)frequency.
C)trough.
D)nu.
E)none of the above

Question 60

Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?

A)Radio Waves
B)Microwaves
C)X-rays
D)Gamma Rays
E)Infrared Radiation

Question 61

When sunlight is passed through a prism,what is observed?

A)continuous spectrum
B)nothing
C)bright spots and lines
D)white light
E)none of the above

Question 62

How many subshells are there in the n = 4 principal shell?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)not enough information

Question 63

Which one of the following is the correct orbital diagram for nitrogen?

A)↑↓ ↑↓ ↓ ↓ ↑
B)↑↓ ↓↓ ↓ ↑ ↑
C)↑↓ ↓↓ ↑ ↑ ↑
D)↑↓ ↑↓ ↑ ↑ ↑
E)none of the above

Question 64

The subshell letter:

A)specifies the 3-D shape of the orbital.
B)specifies the principal quantum number of the orbital.
C)specifies the maximum number of electrons.
D)specifies the principal shell of the orbital.
E)none of the above

Question 65

Which orbital would the electron of a ground state hydrogen atom occupy?

A)1s
B)2p
C)0s
D)1p
E)none of the above

Question 66

Which element is represented by the electron configuration 1s²2s²2p²?

A)C
B)He
C)Be
D)O
E)none of the above

Question 67

Which statement is NOT true about "p" orbitals?

A)A subshell contains three "p" orbitals.
B)These orbitals are shaped like dumbbells.
C)A 3p orbital has a higher energy than a 2p orbital.
D)All three of these statements are true.
E)none of the above

Question 68

How many subshells are there in the n = 2 principal shell?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)not enough information

Question 69

How many electrons are unpaired in the orbitals of nitrogen?

A)14
B)5
C)9
D)3
E)none of the above

Question 70

"When filling orbitals of equal energy,electrons fill them singly first with parallel spins." This is known as:

A)Hund's rule.
B)Pauli exclusion principle.
C)Bohr's model.
D)Ground state.
E)none of the above

Question 71

The lowest energy orbital in the quantum-mechanical model is the

A)zero orbital.
B)1a orbital.
C)1p orbital.
D)1s orbital.
E)none of the above

Question 72

The n = ________ principal shell is the lowest that may contain a d-subshell.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)not enough information

Question 73

How many electrons are unpaired in the orbitals of carbon?

A)12
B)6
C)4
D)2
E)none of the above

Question 74

Which statement below does NOT follow the Bohr Model?

A)When energy is absorbed by atoms,the electrons are promoted to higher-energy orbits.
B)When an atom emits light,electrons fall from a higher orbit into a lower orbit.
C)The energy emitted from a relaxing electron can have any wavelength.
D)Electrons exist in specific,quantized orbits.
E)none of the above

Question 75

Which of the following statements about the quantum-mechanical model is FALSE?

A)Orbitals are a probability map of finding electrons.
B)Electrons do not behave as particles.
C)Orbitals are specific paths electrons follow.
D)Electron paths cannot be described exactly.
E)All of the above are correct statements.

Question 76

Which subshell letter corresponds to a spherical orbital?

A)s
B)p
C)d
D)f
E)not enough information

Question 77

The principal quantum number (n):

A)specifies the 3-D shape of the orbital.
B)specifies the subshell of the orbital.
C)specifies the maximum number of electrons.
D)specifies the principal shell of the orbital.
E)none of the above

Question 78

How many electrons can exist in an orbital?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)none of the above

Question 79

An accepted abbreviation format is to write an electron configuration that includes a noble gas symbol in brackets.If you were writing an electron configuration for a bromine atom,which elemental symbol would you place in the bracket?

A)He
B)Ne
C)Ar
D)Kr
E)Xe

Question 80

Which subshell letter corresponds to a 4-leaf clover orbital pattern?

A)s
B)p
C)d
D)f
E)not enough information