Deck 4: Prejudice: Evaluating Social Difference

Question 1

Which is a motive for prejudice?

A)Pursuing self-esteem.
B)Protecting against anxiety.
C)Avoiding a prejudiced public image.
D)All of the above.

Answer 1

All of the above.

Question 2

Dividing resources so that your group is subtly advantaged is an example of:

A)Realistic group conflict
B)Relative deprivation
C)Social dominance orientation
D)In-group bias

Answer 2

In-group bias

Question 3

Suppressing our prejudice can occur through:

A)Avoiding members of the disliked group.
B)Conscious control of our own negative feelings.
C)Denying that we are prejudiced.
D)All of the above.

Answer 3

All of the above.

Question 4

Unjustified negative judgment of a person based on his or her social group identity is:

A)Prejudice
B)Stereotyping
C)Discrimination
D)All of the above

Question 5

Prejudice is motivated by:

A)The desire to maintain a positive social identity.
B)The desire to defend against threats to one's worldview.
C)Feeling that your group is deprived of important opportunities.
D)All of the above.

Question 6

The controlled component of prejudice is most associated with:

A)Attitudes about members of a group instilled passively through parents
B)Traditional,cultural attitudes toward members of a group
C)Our own beliefs about members of a group
D)All of the above

Question 7

The tendency to punish and exclude people who violate our stereotypic beliefs about a group best illustrates:

A)Realistic group conflict
B)In-group bias
C)Aversive prejudice
D)Backlash True-False

Question 8

Which statement is supported by research?

A)People don't realize the extent of their own prejudices.
B)People can reduce their own prejudice through effort.
C)Both A and B
D)Neither A nor B

Question 9

The idea that prejudice is more likely to be expressed when it can be made to ourselves or others)more reasonable reflects:

A)The authoritarian personality
B)The suppression-justification model
C)Social dominance orientation
D)Personal social beliefs

Question 10

According to research by Greenberg and colleagues 1990),Christian participants liked a fellow Christian more when:

A)They interacted with him or her.
B)They wrote about the person's strengths.
C)They pondered their own death.
D)They wrote about their own values.

Question 11

Generally speaking,prejudice involves negative _____,whereas stereotyping involves negative _____ about someone based on their group membership.

A)Thoughts;feelings
B)Feelings;actions
C)Actions;thoughts
D)Feelings;thoughts

Question 12

Most expressions of prejudice nowadays are:

A)Obvious and overt
B)Subtle and hard to detect
C)Easily rationalized as nonprejudiced
D)B and C only

Question 13

In a study by Goff and his colleagues 2008),White male participants put the greatest physical distance between themselves from their interaction partner when:

A)They were discussing a racial issue with a Black partner.
B)They were discussing a relationship issue with a Black partner.
C)They were discussing a racial issue with a White partner.
D)They were discussing a relationship issue with a White partner.

Question 14

People who experience a threat to their self-image tend to be ____.

A)Less prejudiced.
B)More prejudiced.
C)Self-threat is not related to prejudice.

Question 15

Which statement best illustrates "blaming the victim"?

A)Obese people are caught in a toxic food culture.
B)Unemployed people are victims of a bad economy.
C)Poor people are not ambitious and resourceful.
D)Drug addicted people have been ensnared by poverty and hopelessness.

Question 16

Citing a nonracial reason for one's opposition or dislike of a minority political candidate is an example of:

A)Modern prejudice
B)Symbolic prejudice
C)Aversive prejudice
D)All of the above

Question 17

Most hate crimes are committed against people based on their:

A)Race or ethnicity
B)Sexual orientation
C)Religion
D)Gender

Question 18

We are most likely to express our prejudices when our mood is _____.

A)Angry
B)Anxious
C)Pleasant
D)Indifferent

Question 19

Awareness of the past sufferings of the members of a minority group tends to increase prejudice toward them.This phenomenon is called:

A)In-group bias
B)Mortality salience
C)Secondary prejudice
D)None of the above

Question 20

The belief that a hierarchical ordering of groups in society should be maintained is most consistent with:

A)Fundamentalism
B)Social dominance orientation
C)Right-wing authoritarianism
D)None of the above

Question 21

The prejudiced personality type exists and can be reliably measured.

Question 22

Describe backlash and why it occurs.

Question 23

Prejudice tends to emerge in interactions with outgroup members of equal status.

Question 24

Favoritism toward one's ingroup and hostility toward outgroups are basically the same thing.

Question 25

Describe 2 forms of modern prejudice,and note the role of ambivalence in each.

Question 26

Explain how secondary prejudice works.

Question 27

As a personality construct,right-wing authoritarianism predicts hostility toward people who violate norms.

Question 28

People who threaten our core values are targets of prejudice.

Question 29

How do our stereotypes about a group justify and support prejudicial feelings toward the group?

Question 30

Give an example of a modern expression of prejudice and explain which form of modern prejudice it illustrates.

Question 31

Low self-esteem people engage in more in-group bias than high self-esteem people.

Question 32

What is the different between automatic and controlled forms of prejudice?

Question 33

Well-learned,internalized prejudicial impulses are associated with the automatic component of prejudice.

Question 34

Why does anxiety about our own mortality predict aggression and prejudice toward out-group individuals?

Question 35

What is the main terror management theory hypothesis regarding prejudice?

Question 36

In aversive prejudice,people have negative attitudes toward outgroup members,but also affirm egalitarian values.

Question 37

Inhibiting one's prejudiced impulses burns calories.

Question 38

Why are we more prejudiced against an outgroup when we learn of their past sufferings or injustices?

Question 39

Compare and contrast right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation in their relation to prejudice.

Question 40

Prejudice refers to negative evaluations of other based on visible identities such as race and age

Question 41

According to the U.S.Bureau of Justice,Black males are incarcerated at a rate that is ____ White males.

A)The same as
B)2 times higher than
C)4 times higher than
D)Over 6 times higher than

Question 42

To which group does the "model minority" stereotype refer to?

A)Blacks
B)Hispanics
C)Asians
D)Jews

Question 43

Negative attitudes and behaviors toward darker-skinned compared to lighter-skinned people within a racial group is called:

A)Racism
B)Colorism
C)Ethnocentrism
D)Racial stereotyping

Question 44

Which is the best example of an ethnic group label?

A)Black
B)White
C)Native American
D)Jewish

Question 45

Explain the 3 broad motives that underlie prejudice.

Question 46

Racism in the criminal justice system can be seen in:

A)Jury selection procedures
B)The match between the defendant's race and his/her crime.
C)Sentencing recommendations
D)All of the above

Question 47

Affirmative action programs that benefit ___ are least likely to be supported by others.

A)Women
B)Disabled people
C)Blacks
D)Religious minorities

Question 48

Groups that are stereotyped as low in both warmth and competence tend to be associated with ____ prejudice.

A)Contemptuous
B)Envious
C)Paternalistic
D)All of the above

Question 49

Since the 1930s when it was first studied by psychologists,how has Whites' stereotype of Blacks has changed?

A)Whites' views of Blacks have become more positive.
B)Whites' views of Blacks have become more varied.
C)Whites' negative views of Blacks have become more subtle.
D)All of the above

Question 50

Research has found that physicians' ____ prejudice predicts racial bias in their care of Black and White patients.

A)Implicit
B)Explicit
C)Both types of prejudice predicted bias

Question 51

According to the stereotype content model,stereotypes of Jews are marked by:

A)Low warmth and low competence
B)Low warmth and high competence
C)High warmth and low competence
D)High warmth and high competence

Question 52

What is the Birther Movement? What prejudice concepts does it illustrate?

Question 53

According to the stereotype content model,stereotypes of ____ are low in both warmth and competence.

A)Hispanics
B)Poor Whites
C)Welfare recipients
D)All of the above

Question 54

According to the stereotype content model,which group's stereotype is high in warmth but low in competence?

A)Elderly
B)Gay men
C)Black professionals
D)Feminists

Question 55

As illustrated by the model minority and yellow peril stereotypes of Asian Americans,Whites have:

A)Uniformly negative stereotypes of Asians
B)Uniformly positive stereotypes of Asians
C)Ambivalence toward Asians
D)Subtyped Asians

Question 56

....

Question 57

Researchers showed racially-ambiguous faces to White participants and had them identify the faces as either Black or White.The study found that the faces were more likely to be called Black if:

A)They had angry expressions.
B)They had facial hair.
C)They were baby-faced.
D)They had happy expressions.

Question 58

In one study,police officers were presented with computer-simulated Black and White suspects who were either armed or unarmed.What best summarizes the results?

A)Police officers treated White and Black suspects the same.
B)Police officers were more likely to shoot the unarmed suspect when he was Black than when he was White.
C)Police officers' race bias disappeared with their efforts to make fair decisions.
D)B and C
E)All of the above.

Question 59

What factors help explain the difference between Black and White students on standardized tests?

A)White students are genetically better prepared for school achievement than Blacks.
B)White students' families are generally better-educated.
C)More money per student)is spent on educating White than Black students.
D)B and C
E)All of the above

Question 60

Institutionalized policies that create a hierarchy of races is called:

A)Racial subtyping
B)Racial stereotyping
C)Racism
D)Ethnocentrism

Question 61

The Teddy Bear effect shows that Black men are rewarded for their nonthreatening appearance.

Question 62

Describe the ambivalence that is at the heart of Whites' attitudes toward Asians.

Question 63

Having stereotypically Black facial features does not predict sentencing length.

Question 64

Explain the stereotype content model and its dimensions.

Question 65

Income differences between White and Black families help justify Whites' stereotype of Blacks as lazy.

Question 66

How has Whites' cultural stereotype of Blacks changed over the decades from the pre-civil rights era to today?

Question 67

There is a genetic basis for racial differences.

Question 68

Light-skinned and dark-skinned Blacks experience similar opportunities and treatment.

Question 69

Stereotypes of Asians and Jews tend to be associated with contemptuous prejudice.

Question 70

NA

Question 71

Much evidence shows that Blacks receive poorer quality health care than Whites.Describe how implicit prejudice in health care professionals,and racism in the health care system,could explain those outcomes.

Question 72

How is colorism different than racism?

Question 73

What is the difference between race and ethnicity?

Question 74

What is the stereotype people hold of an affirmative action recipient?

Question 75

Define racism,and distinguish between racist actions and racism.

Question 76

Whites' negative stereotypes of Hispanics are improving at a faster rate than their negative stereotypes of Blacks.

Question 77

There is more variation within racial groups than between them.

Question 78

Negative attitudes toward Asians are related to the perceived threat they pose in achievement contexts.

Question 79

Describe three ways that Blacks experience discrimination in the criminal justice system.

Question 80

Based on the stereotype content model,characterize the content of stereotypes of Blacks,Hispanics,Asians and Jews.