Deck 9: Social Attitudes

Question 1

Match the term to its definition by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
____ Theory that prejudicial attitudes reflect a group's position in society.[Answer:L]
____ Includes any behavior that benefits another person.
____ The study of what people do on a day-to-day basis.
____ Unequal treatment of women that goes unnoticed.
____ Ways that people may be biased against a racial group without even being aware of it.
____ Refers to the motivation to help another person.
____ Groups with whom we identify.
____ A positive or negative evaluation of an object,a person or group,or an idea.
____ When we do not care either way about something.
____ The cognitive or "thinking" aspect of an attitude.
____ Groups with which we do not identify.
____ An attitude of dislike or active hostility toward a particular group in society.
____ Form of unconscious racism in which minority groups lack the same access to services or opportunities afforded other group members in an organization.[Answer:J]
____ How close we feel to other people.
____ Group processes theory that posits that individuals develop status value in face-to-face interactions with other people.
____ Strongly held,relatively stable sets of attitudes.

Answer 1

____ Theory that prejudicial attitudes reflect a group's position in society.[Answer:L]
____ Includes any behavior that benefits another person.[Answer:E]
____ The study of what people do on a day-to-day basis.[Answer:D]
____ Unequal treatment of women that goes unnoticed.[Answer:O]
____ Ways that people may be biased against a racial group without even being aware of it.[Answer:P]
____ Refers to the motivation to help another person.[Answer:I]
____ Groups with whom we identify.[Answer:M]
____ A positive or negative evaluation of an object,a person or group,or an idea.[Answer:A]
____ When we do not care either way about something.[Answer:B]
____ The cognitive or "thinking" aspect of an attitude.[Answer:C]
____ Groups with which we do not identify.[Answer:N]
____ An attitude of dislike or active hostility toward a particular group in society.[Answer:F]
____ Form of unconscious racism in which minority groups lack the same access to services or opportunities afforded other group members in an organization.[Answer:J]
____ How close we feel to other people.[Answer:G]
____ Group processes theory that posits that individuals develop status value in face-to-face interactions with other people.[Answer:K]
____ Strongly held,relatively stable sets of attitudes.[Answer:H]

Question 2

One explanation for the income disparity between men and women is the __________,in which women with children make disproportionately less money than men or than women without children.

A)motherhood advantage
B)uncommitted worker factor
C)gender bias preclusion
D)motherhood penalty

Answer 2

motherhood penalty

Question 3

Based on status construction theory,how can you get what you want from a group and leave a positive impression?

A)by acting like a very nice person
B)by acting like a generous person
C)by acting like a majority member of society
D)by acting like a high-status person

Answer 3

by acting like a high-status person

Question 4

Decades of social distance research show that most Americans __________.

A)oppose racial and ethnic diversity
B)are open to some racial and ethnic diversity
C)are not racist
D)are more racist than in the past

Answer 4

are open to some racial and ethnic diversity

Question 5

Read the vignette and answer the questions that follow.
John was telling his friend Simone that he really doesn't consider himself prejudiced.If a man works hard,he says,he deserves more.John's family came to America from eastern Europe without a penny in their pockets and worked hard to become members of the middle class.He goes on to explain that he believes that there are hard-working Hispanics,too,but some of them just haven't been taught the meaning of hard work.His people,he tells Simone,work hard and deserve what they get!
How might the information in this story reflect Blumer's theory of group position?

A)The speaker is basing his negative opinions of Hispanics on group interactions that tend to favor higher-status groups over lower-status groups.
B)The speaker is engaging in active discrimination.
C)The speaker is using prejudice to maintain his sense of entitlement.
D)The speaker is using discrimination to maintain his sense of entitlement.

Question 6

Willer's research showing presidential approval ratings increasing after the 9/11 terrorist attacks in clearly showed __________.

A)in-group bias tendencies
B)out-group bias tendencies
C)prejudicial biases
D)ideological alliances

Question 7

In a recent poll,Darnell told the interviewer that he does not care either way about the election.His response reflects what concept?

A)an ideology
B)a value
C)an attitude
D)a non-attitude

Question 8

According to Ajzen's theory of predictive behavior,one of the reasons that we do not find significant correlations between attitudes and behavior is that we must incorporate __________ into our predictive models.

A)social norms
B)personal opinions
C)values
D)religion

Question 9

Your evaluation of a new political candidate may best be described as a(n)_________,whereas your overall political ideology may better be described as a(n)__________.

A)ideology;value
B)value;attitude
C)attitude;value
D)value;opinion

Question 10

Of the following social theorists,who is most associated with the study of racial prejudice in the United States?

A)George Herbert Mead
B)W)E.B.Du Bois
C)Talcott Parsons
D)William Thomas

Question 11

Research generally shows that American attitudes on most major social issues have been __________ over the last 30 years.

A)pretty stable
B)changing dramatically
C)based on stable values
D)changing not at all

Question 12

Individuals' attitudes are __________ predictors of their behavior.

A)very strong
B)weak
C)somewhat strong
D)perfect

Question 13

Equal status,shared goals,group interaction,and authority supporting the group are all part of what hypothesis?

A)social contact hypothesis
B)group contact hypothesis
C)team-building hypothesis
D)status construction

Question 14

The slow response to Hurricane Katrina victims was cited as an example of __________ in your textbook.

A)government inefficiency
B)conscious racism
C)unconscious racism
D)racial equality

Question 15

LaPiere's study of prejudice clearly showed what?

A)that most people do not have much prejudice
B)that most people act on their prejudices
C)that most people do not act on their prejudices
D)that most people support equal access to public spaces

Question 16

Overall,which way do American political attitudes lean?

A)very conservative
B)moderately conservative
C)moderately liberal
D)very liberal

Question 17

Recent research,using the Bogardus social distance scale,indicates which group to be the most "distant" among American students?

A)African Americans
B)Latinos
C)Asians
D)Arabs

Question 18

Nathan started attending KKK meetings when he saw some of his African American neighbors get better jobs than he did.Which of the following theories best explains Nathan's negative attitudes toward African Americans?

A)social distance theory
B)symbolic interaction
C)Blumer's theory of group position
D)status construction theory

Question 19

According to time use researchers,how do people spend most of their weekly free time?

A)watching TV
B)learning something new
C)playing sports
D)organizing their schedules

Question 20

How do Americans spend the majority of their productive time?

A)in personal care
B)at work
C)watching TV
D)in family care

Question 21

In the United States,which group tends to be the most liberal?

A)females living in the Midwest
B)females living on the West Coast
C)males living in the Midwest
D)males living on the West Coast

Question 23

Read the vignette and answer the questions that follow.
John was telling his friend Simone that he really doesn't consider himself prejudiced.If a man works hard,he says,he deserves more.John's family came to America from eastern Europe without a penny in their pockets and worked hard to become members of the middle class.He goes on to explain that he believes that there are hard-working Hispanics,too,but some of them just haven't been taught the meaning of hard work.His people,he tells Simone,work hard and deserve what they get!

What kind of bias is the speaker in this story showing?

A)pro-social bias
B)out-group bias
C)prejudicial bias
D)low-resource bias