Deck 6: Ear, nose, mouth, and Throat

Question 1

To examine if there is an intact gag reflex,ask the patient to say "ah" as you observe the:

A) Movement of the uvula to the left
B) Movement of uvula to the right
C) Tongue extension in the midline
D) Upward movement of the uvula in the midline

Answer 1

Upward movement of the uvula in the midline

Question 2

Thrush occurs as white patches surrounded by erythematous tissue in oral mucosa.The microorganism that causes this is:

A) Candida
B) Herpes simplex I
C) Coxsackie virus
D) Herpes zoster

Answer 2

Candida

Question 3

A 5-year-old patient with a history of chronic otitis media complains of severe unilateral ear pain that worsens at night.The pain has progressively worsened over the past 3 days.Your examination reveals tenderness,erythema,and swelling below the right ear,and diminished hearing on the right.Which of the following is a likely diagnosis?

A) Sinus infection
B) Skull fracture
C) Mastoiditis
D) Foreign body

Answer 3

Mastoiditis

Question 4

Ear pain related to tenderness over the auricle and ear canal is most commonly related to:

A) Excessive exposure to noise
B) Cerumen impaction
C) Otitis externa
D) Ménière's disease

Question 5

With inspection of the mouth and buccal mucosa,Stensen's duct can be seen on the:

A) Underside of the tongue
B) Buccal mucosa opposite the lower molars
C) Buccal mucosa opposite the upper molars
D) Soft palate

Question 6

A nonmalignant cancerous tumor affecting cranial nerve VIII that causes unilateral hearing loss,tinnitus,and vertigo is:

A) Otosclerosis
B) Acoustic neuroma
C) Cholesteatoma
D) Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 7

An 86-year-old patient who wears a hearing aid complains of poor hearing in the affected ear.In addition to possible hearing aid malfunction,this condition is often due to:

A) Acoustic neuroma
B) Cerumen impaction
C) Otitis media
D) Ménière's disease

Question 8

Which of the following symptoms is common with acute otitis media?

A) Bulging tympanic membrane
B) Bright light reflex of tympanic membrane
C) Increased tympanic membrane mobility
D) All of the above

Question 9

Presbycusis is the hearing impairment that is associated with:

A) Physiologic aging
B) Ménière's disease
C) Cerumen impaction
D) Herpes zoster

Question 10

A patient presents to the emergency department due to head trauma related to a motorcycle accident.On physical examination,you note clear,serous discharge from the ear.This is commonly a sign of:

A) Basilar skull fracture
B) Injury of the auricle
C) Otitis discharge
D) Tympanic membrane perforation

Question 11

Epistaxis can be a symptom of:

A) Over-anticoagulation
B) Hematologic malignancy
C) Cocaine abuse
D) All of the above

Question 12

Hand-foot-and mouth disease often causes vesicular lesions on the palms,soles of the feet,and oral mucosa.The microorganism that causes this disease is:

A) Herpes zoster
B) Herpes simplex I
C) Coxsackie virus
D) Candida

Question 13

In examination of the nose,the clinician observes gray,pale mucous membranes with clear,serous discharge.This is most likely indicative of:

A) Bacterial sinusitis
B) Allergic rhinitis
C) Drug abuse
D) Skull fracture

Question 14

Malignant oral cancerous lesions are most frequently located on the:

A) Tongue
B) Tonsils
C) Gums
D) Hard palate

Question 15

A 6-year-old child presents with complaints of unilateral ear pain,fever,and sore throat.The clinician should recognize that this is most commonly due to:

A) Otitis externa
B) Inner ear infection
C) Sinusitis
D) Otitis media

Question 16

A pneumatic otoscopic examination is used to assess:

A) Inner ear conditions
B) Otitis externa
C) Cerumen impaction
D) Tympanic membrane mobility

Question 17

Which of the following microorganisms commonly causes otitis externa?

A) Streptococcus pneumoniae
B) Pseudomonas
C) Moraxella catarrhalis
D) Haemophilus influenza

Question 18

Nasal discharge of green-yellow mucus,pharyngitis,and otitis media commonly indicate:

A) Allergic rhinitis
B) Viral infection
C) Bacterial infection
D) Nasal polyps

Question 19

Upon physical examination of a 1-year-old patient,you note abnormal placement of the ears,hypertelorism,and strabismus.These are often signs of:

A) Genetic conditions
B) Deafness
C) Birth injury
D) Physical abuse

Question 20

The following disorder commonly presents with vesicular or ulcerated lesions with a yellow base on the oral mucosa and lips.

A) Aphthous ulcer
B) Herpes simplex I
C) Coxsackie viral infection
D) All of the above

Question 21

Which microorganism is the most common cause of tonsillitis in adolescents?

A) Epstein-Barr virus
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
C) Mycoplasma
D) Grp A beta hemolytic streptococcus

Question 22

Which microorganism is the most common cause of peritonsillar abscess?

A) Epstein-Barr virus
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
C) Mycoplasma
D) Grp A beta hemolytic streptococcus

Question 23

A patient complains of fever,fatigue,and pharyngitis.On physical examination there is pronounced cervical lymphadenopathy.Which of the following diagnostic tests should be considered?

A) Mono spot
B) Strep test
C) Throat culture
D) All of the above

Question 24

Which of the following conditions can cause upper airway obstruction?

A) Behcet's syndrome
B) Influenza
C) Epiglottitis
D) Thrush

Question 25

Rheumatic heart disease is a complication that can arise from which type of infection?

A) Epstein-Barr virus
B) Diptheria
C) Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 26

Your patient has been using chewing tobacco for 10 years.On physical examination,you observe a white ulceration surrounded by erythematous base on the side of his tongue.The clinician should recognize that very often this is:

A) Malignant melanoma
B) Squamous cell carcinoma
C) Aphthous ulceration
D) Behcet's syndrome

Question 27

Your patient is a 78-year-old female with a smoking history of 120-pack years.She complains of hoarseness that has developed over the last few months.It is important to exclude the possibility of:

A) Thrush
B) Laryngeal cancer
C) Carotidynia
D) Thyroiditis

Question 28

A condition that presents as painless,raised white patches on the oral mucosa that predisposes to squamous cell carcinoma is:

A) Candida
B) Lichen planus
C) Coxsackie virus
D) Leukoplakia

Question 29

A 26-year-old female who gave birth 1 month ago presents with sudden development of fever,neck pain,sore throat with dysphagia,and radiation of pain to the ear.Which of the following conditions is most important to consider?

A) Diptheria
B) Epiglottitis
C) Thyroiditis
D) Otitis media