Deck 11: Reptiles and Birds

Question 1

All of the following are adaptations of sea snakes to a marine existence except:

A) trachea acting as accessory lung.
B) gas exchange across their skin.
C) oviparous reproduction.
D) lower metabolic rate during submergence.
E) flattened paddle tail.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Sea snakes usually feed on

A) algae.
B) jellyfish.
C) infaunal invertebrates.
D) small fishes.
E) epibenthic invertebrates.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Sea turtle social behavior is primarily:

A) small family groups.
B) formation of hunting groups.
C) solitary.
D) schooling.
E) harems.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In marine crocodiles excess salts are removed by:

A) salt glands in the tongue.
B) salt glands above the eyes.
C) concentrated urine.
D) salt glands on the skin.
E) salt glands in the nose.

Question 5

All the following are adaptations of reptiles both on land and in the ocean except:

A) improved circulatory system over the fishes.
B) very efficient kidneys.
C) scale-covered skin without glands.
D) dark bodies.

Question 6

The crocodile best adapted to a marine lifestyle is:

A) the Asian saltwater crocodile.
B) the American crocodile.
C) the alligator.
D) the Nile crocodile.
E) the caiman.

Question 7

In marine turtles, excess salts are removed by:

A) salt glands in the tongue.
B) salt glands above the eyes.
C) concentrated urine.
D) salt glands on the skin.
E) salt glands in the nose.

Question 8

Which sea turtle can tolerate cold temperatures?

A) Leatherback
B) Kemp's ridley
C) Green
D) Hawksbill
E) Loggerhead

Question 9

In marine birds, excess salts are removed by:

A) salt glands in the tongue.
B) salt glands above the eyes.
C) concentrated urine.
D) salt glands on the skin.
E) salt glands in the mouth.

Question 10

The birds are:

A) stenotherms.
B) eurytherms.
C) homeotherms.
D) poikilotherms.
E) ectotherms.

Question 11

An adaptation of the marine iguana for cold water is

A) rete marible to keep exchange heat.
B) blubber to keep heat in.
C) dark skin to absorb the sun's heating radiation.
D) increased metabolism.

Question 12

Which of the following is not generally considered to have contributed to the success of reptiles on land and in the sea?

A) amniotic egg
B) skin covered by scales
C) specialized copulatory organs
D) ventral nerve cord
E) efficient kidneys

Question 13

Marine iguanas feed mostly on:

A) mussels.
B) epibenthic invertebrates.
C) small fish.
D) algae.
E) infaunal invertebrates.

Question 14

All of the following are major points of the article Endangered Sea Turtles except:

A) Leatherback population in Pacific may go extinct before 2010.
B) TED nets decreased turtle drowning rate.
C) Records show declining numbers of turtles returning to nest on Central American beaches.
D) All countries now use TEDs to fish for shrimp.

Question 15

The chorion of amniotic eggs functions in:

A) supply of food.
B) removal of wastes.
C) gas exchange.
D) protection of the egg.
E) absorbing toxins.

Question 16

Which is not a unique adaptation of sea snakes for marine life?

A) nostrils high on the head
B) reduced or absent scales
C) laterally compressed tail
D) loss of limbs

Question 17

The amniotic egg evolved ____ years ago.

A) 1 billion
B) 650 million
C) 340 million
D) 240 million
E) 25 million

Question 18

A marine reptile found only on the Galapagos Islands is:

A) the sea snake.
B) the marine crocodile.
C) the marine iguana.
D) the flatback sea turtle.
E) the Galapagos skink.

Question 19

Which turtle has a diet of seagrass?

A) Kemp's ridley
B) Leatherback
C) Hawksbill
D) Green sea turtle
E) Loggerhead

Question 20

Which sea turtle has a diet of jellyfish?

A) Hawksbill
B) Leatherback
C) Green sea turtle
D) Flatback sea turtle

Question 21

Birds that are known to eat the chicks of other birds and even their own chicks are:

A) avocets.
B) terns.
C) curlews.
D) gulls.
E) penguins.

Question 22

The ecological equivalent of penguins in the Northern Hemisphere is:

A) the heron.
B) the auk.
C) the skimmer.
D) the black-necked stilt.
E) the tern.

Question 23

Birds that have long narrow bills used for eating bivalves and other invertebrates are:

A) gulls.
B) pelicans.
C) shore birds.
D) tubenoses.
E) skuas and jaegers.

Question 24

Herons and egrets are members of the:

A) gulls.
B) tubenoses.
C) shorebirds.
D) pelicans.
E) duck family.

Question 25

The oystercatcher is a member of the:

A) gulls.
B) tubenoses.
C) shorebirds.
D) pelicans.
E) albatrosses.

Question 26

Gulls feed mostly by

A) capturing small fish.
B) eating algae.
C) probing for small prey in the mud.
D) scavenging.
E) dive bombing onto schools of fish

Question 27

Terns, skuas and jaegers are all related to the ____ group.

A) gull
B) pelican
C) tubenose
D) penguin
E) shorebird

Question 28

Birds that pursue their prey underwater are:

A) gulls.
B) pelicans.
C) penguins.
D) stilts.
E) plovers.

Question 29

Tubenoses include:

A) pelicans.
B) gulls.
C) terns.
D) albatrosses.
E) puffins.

Question 30

Birds that catch their prey by plunge diving into the water from the air are:

A) skimmers.
B) cormorants.
C) terns.
D) penguins.
E) avocets.

Question 31

The stomach of which one of the following birds contains a gland that produces a foul smelling, yellow colored oil?

A) pelicans
B) gulls
C) terns
D) albatrosses
E) oystercatcher

Question 32

A structure found within penguins that is used for storing food for feeding the young is called the:

A) crop.
B) salt gland.
C) gular pouch.
D) amnion.
E) cloaca.

Question 33

The seabirds with an ecological role similar to land-based hawks, falcons, and vultures are the:

A) gulls and terns.
B) skuas and jaegers.
C) avocets and sandpipers.
D) curlews and turnstones.
E) eiders and puffins.

Question 34

A seabird that has adapted very well to humans is the:

A) gull.
B) tern.
C) frigate bird.
D) penguin.
E) puffin.

Question 35

Birds in which the lower bill protrudes much farther than the upper bill are

A) jaegers.
B) skimmers.
C) puffins.
D) penguins.
E) herons.

Question 36

The heron is a stalking bird with the following characteristics:

A) skinny legs, long necks, pincer type bill.
B) flightless, plump body, parrot-like beak.
C) plump body, pigeon-like beak.
D) short neck, upturned bill.
E) shovel-shaped bill, plump body, webbed feet.

Question 37

Birds that prey by attracting small fish and shrimp to the surface are called:

A) plovers.
B) turnstones.
C) skimmers.
D) curlews.
E) sandpipers.

Question 38

A common short, plump, shore bird with a worldwide distribution is the:

A) turnstone.
B) pelican.
C) avocet.
D) plover.
E) puffin.

Question 39

The alcid species hunted to extinction was the:

A) common auk.
B) great puffin.
C) common murre.
D) great auk.
E) great skua.

Question 40

Birds that spend most of their time aloft at sea are:

A) skuas.
B) gulls.
C) albatrosses.
D) pelicans.
E) puffins.

Question 41

Penguins are only found in the Northern Hemisphere.

Question 42

Sea snakes are valued for their exotic skins.

Question 43

The bird with the largest wings, also a marine bird, is called the:

A) frigate bird.
B) pelican.
C) albatross.
D) gull.
E) cormorant.

Question 44

Buoyancy in pelicans is achieved by:

A) subcutaneous air sacs.
B) fatty tissue.
C) low density tissues.
D) long feathery appendages.
E) storing wax and oils.

Question 45

A very agile seabird used in Japan to help catch fish is called:

A) a stilt.
B) a albatross.
C) a cormorant.
D) a gull.
E) an oystercatcher.

Question 46

Marine turtles mate at sea but lay their eggs on land.

Question 47

Penguins are preyed on by:

A) leopard seals and killer whales.
B) narwhales.
C) sperm whales.
D) jaegers.
E) frigate birds.

Question 48

Birds are considered homeothermic.

Question 49

The birds that are most highly adapted to marine life are the:

A) tubenoses.
B) gulls.
C) penguins.
D) pelicans.
E) sandpipers.

Question 50

Birds that crash into the water and scoop up fish in the gular pouch are called:

A) stilts.
B) tubenoses.
C) pelicans.
D) albatross.
E) skimmers.

Question 51

A bird with no oil to protect its feathers from water, that soars for hours at sea, is called:

A) a frigatebird.
B) an albatross.
C) a gull.
D) a petrel.
E) a sea duck..

Question 52

Seabirds produce concentrated urine to remove salts from their bodies.

Question 53

MATCHING
Match the words with those they are most closely associated with.
a.disposal of waste
b.embryo containing sac
c.gas exchange
Chorion

Question 54

Most seabirds are ovoviviparous.

Question 55

An interesting feeding behavior of the Wilson's storm petrel is

A) plunging to great depths into the ocean in search of food.
B) using their feet to paddle just below the water's surface so they appear to be walking on the surface.
C) catching a clam and then dropping it over rocks to break it up.
D) stealing eggs from nesting birds while the parents are sitting on the eggs.
E) skimming over the water surface with its beak partially immersed.

Question 56

Birds that dive into the water from a height of 18 to 30 meters are called:

A) pelicans.
B) albatross.
C) tubenoses.
D) boobies.
E) puffins.

Question 57

In reptiles, the circulatory system of the lungs is nearly completely separate from the circulatory system of the rest of the body.

Question 58

Reptiles are very efficient in conserving water during excretion.

Question 59

The tube-nose of tubenoses may be used as a means of enhancing their ability to smell, or to discern strength of air currents.

Question 60

In emperor penguins, the mother incubates the egg during the Antarctic winter while the father roams in search of food.

Question 61

MATCHING
Match the words with those they are most closely associated with.
a.disposal of waste
b.embryo containing sac
c.gas exchange
Amnion

Question 62

Match the food preference with the species.
a.Conches, clams, crabs
b.Jellyfish
c.Seagrasses
d.Sponges
Hawksbill Sea Turtle

Question 63

Match the nesting site characteristic with the most closely associated bird group.
a.nest close to shore
b.protected areas on land
c.nest away from shore
Tubenoses

Question 64

Match the food preference with the species.
a.Conches, clams, crabs
b.Jellyfish
c.Seagrasses
d.Sponges
Green Sea Turtle

Question 65

Match the food preference with the species.
a.Invertebrates and seaweeds
b.Sponges
c.Invertebrates and fish
d.Jellyfish
Leatherback Sea Turtle

Question 66

Match the distribution with the type of reptile.a.Worldwide in tropics and subtropics
b.Galapagos Islands
c.Coastlines in Australia, India, Asia
d.Tropical Indo-Pacific
Sea Turtles

Question 67

Match the birds with their primary diet.
a.fish, jellyfish and squid
b.krill and fish
c.fish
Frigatebirds

Question 68

Match the nesting site characteristic with the most closely associated bird group.
a.nest close to shore
b.protected areas on land
c.nest away from shore
Shorebird

Question 69

Match the food preference with the species.
a.Invertebrates and seaweeds
b.Sponges
c.Invertebrates and fish
d.Jellyfish
Hawksbill

Question 70

Match the food preference with the species.
a.Conches, clams, crabs
b.Jellyfish
c.Seagrasses
d.Sponges
Loggerhead Sea Turtle

Question 71

Match the distribution with the type of reptile.a.Worldwide in tropics and subtropics
b.Galapagos Islands
c.Coastlines in Australia, India, Asia
d.Tropical Indo-Pacific
Sea Snakes

Question 72

Match the distribution with the type of reptile.a.Worldwide in tropics and subtropics
b.Galapagos Islands
c.Coastlines in Australia, India, Asia
d.Tropical Indo-Pacific
Saltwater Crocodile

Question 73

Match the birds with their primary diet.
a.fish, jellyfish and squid
b.krill and fish
c.fish
Pelicans

Question 74

Match the food preference with the species.
a.Invertebrates and seaweeds
b.Sponges
c.Invertebrates and fish
d.Jellyfish
Flatback Sea Turtle

Question 75

MATCHING
Match the words with those they are most closely associated with.
a.disposal of waste
b.embryo containing sac
c.gas exchange
Allantois

Question 76

Match the distribution with the type of reptile.a.Worldwide in tropics and subtropics
b.Galapagos Islands
c.Coastlines in Australia, India, Asia
d.Tropical Indo-Pacific
Marine Iguana

Question 77

Match the food preference with the species.
a.Invertebrates and seaweeds
b.Sponges
c.Invertebrates and fish
d.Jellyfish
Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle

Question 78

Match the birds with their primary diet.
a.fish, jellyfish and squid
b.krill and fish
c.fish
Penguins

Question 79

Match the food preference with the species.
a.Conches, clams, crabs
b.Jellyfish
c.Seagrasses
d.Sponges
Leatherback Sea Turtle

Question 80

Match the nesting site characteristic with the most closely associated bird group.
a.nest close to shore
b.protected areas on land
c.nest away from shore
Gulls