Deck 1: Coronary Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

The innermost layer of the heart is the

A)Epicardium.
B)Pericardium.
C)Endocardium.
D)Myocardium.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The second heart sound (S2)is associated with closure of which heart valves?

A)Mitral and aortic
B)Tricuspid and pulmonic
C)Tricuspid and mitral
D)Aortic and pulmonic

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The structure that prevents backflow of blood is the

A)Trebeculae carnae.
B)Superior vena cava.
C)Papillary muscle.
D)Valve.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of these statements about the pericardium is NOT TRUE?

A)It anchors the heart to the diaphragm and great vessels.
B)It is a two-layer sac enclosing the heart.
C)It serves as protection for the heart.
D)It is the wall of the heart that is damaged in a heart attack.

Question 5

Through which structure must the blood travel in order to leave the right ventricle?

A)Right atrium
B)Tricuspid valve
C)Left ventricle
D)Pulmonic valve

Question 6

Which heart chamber delivers oxygenated blood to the entire body?

A)Right atrium
B)Right ventricle
C)Left atrium
D)Left ventricle

Question 7

The layer of the heart that is damaged during a heart attack is the

A)Epicardium.
B)Pericardium.
C)Endocardium.
D)Myocardium.

Question 8

The fibrous tissue that divides the heart into right and left sides is the

A)Chordae tendonae.
B)Papillary muscle.
C)Septum.
D)Pulmonic valve.

Question 9

Heart valves serve what purpose?

A)They prevent blood from flowing forward.
B)They prevent oxygenated blood from flowing through the coronary arteries.
C)They prevent backflow of blood.
D)They control the heart's electrical signals.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the right atrium is true?

A)It is a receiving chamber for oxygenated blood returning from the lungs.
B)It is the major pumping chamber of the heart.
C)It is about 100% saturated with oxygen.
D)It is the receiving chamber for deoxygenated blood coming from the vena cava.

Question 11

The apex of the heart is located at the

A)Top of the heart,where the great vessels emerge.
B)Right side of the heart.
C)Bottom of the heart,at the leftmost tip.
D)The back wall of the heart.

Question 12

The heart valve found at the opening of the pulmonary artery is the

A)Aortic valve.
B)Tricuspid valve.
C)Mitral valve.
D)Pulmonic valve.

Question 13

The top of the heart where the great vessels emerge is the

A)Apex.
B)Base.
C)Chordae tendonae.
D)Tricuspid valve.

Question 14

The normal heart is the size of a

A)Foot.
B)Cherry.
C)Man's fist.
D)Watermelon.

Question 15

Which of the following are both AV valves?

A)Tricuspid and mitral valves
B)Aortic and mitral valves
C)Mitral and pulmonic valves
D)Aortic and pulmonic valves

Question 16

The first heart sound (S1)is associated with closure of which heart valves?

A)Mitral and aortic
B)Tricuspid and pulmonic
C)Tricuspid and mitral
D)Aortic and pulmonic

Question 17

What causes heart sounds?

A)Blood traveling through the heart
B)Opening of the heart valves
C)Closing of the heart valves
D)Blood hitting an obstruction in the peripheral circulation

Question 18

The valve that separates the right atrium and right ventricle is the

A)Mitral valve.
B)Pulmonic valve.
C)Aortic valve.
D)Tricuspid valve.

Question 19

The heart's valves open and close in response to changes in

A)Oxygenation.
B)Sodium and potassium concentration.
C)Pressure.
D)The heart's pacemaker.

Question 20

Pericardial fluid

A)Decreases friction of the pericardial layers as they rub against each other.
B)Prevents backflow of blood from one chamber to the other.
C)Circulates through the heart's chambers.
D)Lubricates the electrical system of the heart.

Question 21

The semilunar valves are the aortic and mitral valves.

Question 22

Which valves open to allow the ventricles to fill?

A)Aortic and pulmonic
B)Tricuspid and pulmonic
C)Tricuspid and mitral
D)Aortic and mitral

Question 23

The cardiac cycle's two phases are

A)Systole and diastole.
B)Isovolumetric relaxation and contraction.
C)Preload and afterload.
D)Atrial kick and ventricular filling.

Question 24

The semilunar valves open when the

A)Atrial pressure exceeds the ventricular pressure.
B)Atrial and ventricular pressures are equal.
C)Ventricular pressure exceeds the aortic and pulmonary arterial pressures.
D)Impulse arrives at the AV node.

Question 25

Through which vessel does oxygenated blood enter the capillaries?

A)Aorta
B)Veins
C)Venules
D)Arterioles

Question 26

Pulmonary veins deliver blood to the

A)Right atrium.
B)Left atrium.
C)Right ventricle.
D)Left ventricle.

Question 27

The pericardium is the layer of the heart that is damaged during a heart attack.

Question 28

The vessel that delivers oxygenated blood to the capillary bed is the

A)Artery.
B)Vein.
C)Arteriole.
D)Venule.

Question 29

The heart has three layers: the endocardium,myocardium,and epicardium.

Question 30

The coronary circulation supplies oxygenated blood to the myocardium during

A)Ventricular ejection.
B)Diastole.
C)The entire cardiac cycle.
D)Isovolumetric contraction.

Question 31

The right atrium is a thin-walled receiving chamber for newly oxygenated blood from the lungs.

Question 32

The inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood to the heart from

A)The head and neck.
B)The coronary circulation.
C)The lower extremities and abdomen.
D)None of these-the vena cava carries oxygenated blood.

Question 33

Which of the following is the correct sequence of blood flow through the peripheral circulation?

A)Arteries-veins-vena cava-capillaries
B)Arteries-arterioles-capillaries-venules- veins
C)Veins-venules-capillaries-arterioles- arteries
D)Capillaries-arterioles and venules-arteries and veins

Question 34

The layer of the heart that does the work of contracting is the endocardium.

Question 35

The heart is composed primarily of muscle.

Question 36

The parasympathetic nervous system causes

A)Slowed digestion.
B)Decrease in heart rate.
C)Pupillary dilation.
D)Increase in blood pressure.

Question 37

The pericardium is a double-walled sac that encloses the heart and serves as support and protection.

Question 38

The left atrium pumps blood into the right atrium.

Question 39

The heart chamber that has the greatest workload is the right atrium,as it pumps blood out to the entire body.

Question 40

The heart's top and bottom chambers are separated by valves that prevent backflow of blood.

Question 41

The normal amount of blood circulated by the heart every minute is _____ liters.

Question 42

The vena cava is a large artery that carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Question 43

The _____ is the chamber that receives blood from the superior and inferior venae cavae.

Question 44

The coronary artery that feeds blood to the lateral wall of the left ventricle is the _____.

Question 45

The coronary artery that feeds blood to the right ventricle and the inferior wall of the left ventricle is the _____.

Question 46

The phase of systole that results in the greatest consumption of myocardial oxygen is isovolumetric contraction.

Question 47

The job of the heart valves is to prevent backflow of blood.

Question 48

The three main coronary arteries are the aorta,the left main,and the chordae tendonae.

Question 49

The fluid found between the layers of the pericardium is called _____.

Question 50

The two phases of the cardiac cycle are systole and _____.

Question 51

The _____ is the layer that contains the cardiac conduction system.

Question 52

The function of the heart is to _____.

Question 53

The superior vena cava returns blood to the right atrium from the _____.

Question 54

The term _____ means half-moon.

Question 55

The first phase of diastole is called the atrial kick,and it is the phase during which the atria fill with blood from the ventricles.