Deck 15: Section 3: Predicting Violent Behavior: the Psychology of Risk Assessment

Question 1

Around _____ of females and about _____ of males have reported being sexually harassed in the workplace.

A) one quarter; 5%
B) one half; a quarter
C) one half; 15%
D) one quarter; a half

Answer 1

one half; 15%

Question 2

"Sleep with me if you want to be promoted" is an example of which type of sexual harassment, as identified by Catherine MacKinnon?

A) Quid pro quo.
B) Sexual discrimination.
C) Hostile work environment.
D) Sexual categorical remarks.

Answer 2

Quid pro quo.

Question 3

In _____ the Supreme Court held that in sexual harassment cases, it was not necessary to show psychological injury, and a reasonable person standard should be applied.

A) Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993).
B) Ellison v. Brady (1991).
C) Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc. (1998).
D) Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth (1998).

Answer 3

Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993).

Question 4

It is difficult to obtain exact estimates of how often harassment in the workplace occurs. All of the following are valid reasons for this EXCEPT:

A) there are no uniform questionnaires asking about workplace harassment.
B) people's memories about their workplace experiences may be inaccurate.
C) people often refuse to disclose information about workplace harassment.
D) rates of harassment vary across work settings.

Question 5

The Supreme Court has instructed lower courts to use which standard to gauge whether the conduct in question created an unlawful hostile environment?

A) The reasonable woman standard.
B) The totality of circumstances test.
C) The reasonable person standard.
D) The Griggs test.

Question 6

Studies show that females experience workplace harassment _____ often than males, and harassment rates are _____ in the military.

A) more; higher for males than females
B) more; higher for both males and females
C) less; higher for males than females
D) less; higher for females than males

Question 7

In which of the following schemes for dividing up resources does everybody get the same rewards?

A) The principle of need.
B) Equality.
C) Equity.
D) Forbearance.

Question 8

The Supreme Court ruled that same-sex harassment could be grounds for a lawsuit in:

A) Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993).
B) Ellison v. Brady (1991).
C) Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc. (1998).
D) Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth (1998).

Question 9

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964:

A) outlawed discrimination based on race.
B) outlawed discrimination based on gender.
C) specifically addressed the issue of sexual harassment in the workplace.
D) outlawed discrimination based on race and gender.

Question 10

On the basis of their studies, Fiske and Glick made several recommendations for reducing the incidence of harassment. Which of the following is NOT included in their recommendations?

A) Making clear standards for what is appropriate and not appropriate in professional settings.
B) Eliminating sexually explicit materials in the workplace.
C) Ensuring gender neutrality in promotion and hiring decisions.
D) Posting the rules of conduct prominently displayed in several locations in the workplace.

Question 11

Studies show that the jurors focus on a few key factors when they decide on an outcome of a sexual harassment case. The factors include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) the victim's character.
B) the consequences suffered by the victim.
C) whether the head of the company is a man or a woman.
D) how the company responded to the situation.

Question 12

Studies show some clear signs that modern forms of racism do exist. For example, one study finds that:

A) subjects report liking Black people slightly less than liking White people, and their facial muscles confirm this reality.
B) even though subjects report liking Black people slightly more than liking White people, their facial muscles reveal that the opposite is true.
C) even though subjects report liking Black people slightly more than liking White people, their facial muscles reveal that they like Black people significantly more than they report.
D) subjects report liking Black people much less than liking White people, but their facial muscles reveal that the opposite is true.

Question 13

The reasonable woman standard was first proposed in:

A) Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993).
B) Ellison v. Brady (1991).
C) Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc. (1998).
D) Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth (1998).

Question 14

Studies show that in-person interviews _____ are often systematically biased against minorities, women, and the elderly. A better approach, and a more predictive one, is _____.

A) that are structured interviews with a set list of questions; interviews conducted in a free-form manner
B) that are structured interviews with a set list of questions; interviews conducted over the phone using a computerized voice
C) conducted in a free-form manner; structured interviews with a set list of questions
D) conducted in a free-form manner; interviews conducted over the phone using a computerized voice

Question 15

Studies conducted on desegregation after the Brown v. Board of Education ruling in 1954 found that:

A) desegregation had no effect on prejudice.
B) desegregation led to an increase in prejudice of Whites toward Blacks.
C) desegregation led to a decrease in prejudice of Whites toward Blacks.
D) desegregation only decreased prejudice in schools but not in the workplace.