Deck 5: Quantitative and Qualitative Research Design

Question 1

A third type of variable,the ________________,appears in more complex causal relations.It comes between the independent and dependent variables and shows the link or mechanism between them.

A)intervening variable
B)independent variable
C)dependent variable.
D)attributes

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The cause variable,or the one that identifies forces or conditions that act on something else,is the __________________.

A)intervening variable
B)independent variable
C)dependent variable.
D)attributes

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Similar to storytelling,the quantitative researcher stitches,edits,and puts slices of reality together in order to create a new,more comprehendible representation of that reality.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Qualitative researchers look at the sequence of events and pay attention to what
happens first,second,third,and so on.

Question 5

A ___________________ is an apparent causal relationship that is illusionary due to the effect of an unseen or initially hidden causal factor.If the unseen factor has a causal impact on both an independent and dependent variable,it produces the false impression that there is a relationship between them.

A)decoupage
B)bricolage
C)spurious relationship
D)interpretation

Question 6

A ____________ is an interpretation where the researcher links the second order interpretation to general theories and larger social/cultural/historical contexts.

A)first-order interpretation
B)second-order interpretation
C)third-order interpretation
D)fourth-order interpretation

Question 7

_____________,in the form of impressions,words,sentences,photos,symbols,and so forth,dictate different research strategies and data-collection techniques than do hard data,in the form of numbers.

A)causal hypothesis
B)variable
C)triangulation
D)soft data

Question 8

The ____________ arises from a mismatch of units of analysis. It refers to a poor fit between the units for which a researcher has empirical evidence and the units for which he or she wants to make statements.

A)tautology
B)teleology
C)ecological fallacy
D)reductionism

Question 9

Designing a research study that examines its objects of study from several different angles is termed _________________.

A)causal hypothesis
B)variable
C)triangulation
D)soft data

Question 10

In crime and justice research,opposing theories help people figure out which third factors are relevant for many topics.

Question 11

A ____________ is a form of circular reasoning in which someone appears to say something new but is really talking in circles and making a statement that is true by definition.

A)tautology
B)teleology
C)ecological fallacy
D)reductionism

Question 12

If two variables are associated they are causally related.

Question 13

The variable that is the effect or is the result or outcome of another variable is the __________________.

A)intervening variable
B)independent variable
C)dependent variable.
D)attributes

Question 14

A ____________ is an interpretation that involves the researcher's point of view,eliciting an underlying coherence or sense of meaning in the data.

A)first-order interpretation
B)second-order interpretation
C)third-order interpretation
D)fourth-order interpretation

Question 15

A ____________ is An error in explanation in which the causal relationship is empirically untestable because the causal factor does not come earlier in time than the result,or because the causal factor is a vague,general force that cannot be empirically measured.

A)tautology
B)teleology
C)ecological fallacy
D)reductionism

Question 16

A ____________ is an interpretations from the point of view of the people being studied.

A)first-order interpretation
B)second-order interpretation
C)third-order interpretation
D)fourth-order interpretation

Question 17

The values or the categories of a variable are its ________________(e.g. ,male/female,murder/assault).It is easy to confuse variables with attributes.

A)intervening variable
B)independent variable
C)dependent variable.
D)attributes

Question 18

Qualitative researchers remain open to the unexpected,are willing to change the direction or theoretical focus of a research project,and may abandon their original research question in the middle of a project.

Question 19

A ______________,simply defined,is a concept that varies.

A)causal hypothesis
B)variable
C)triangulation
D)soft data

Question 20

____________ is an error in explanation in which empirical data about associations found among small-scale units of analysis are greatly overgeneralized and treated as evidence for statements about relationships among much larger units.

A)tautology
B)teleology
C)ecological fallacy
D)reductionism

Question 21

What are the best ways to select topic for research?

Question 22

Triangulation of method means mixing qualitative and quantitative styles of research and data.

Question 23

_____________ means to explain the meaning of something.

A)decoupage
B)bricolage
C)spurious relationship
D)interpretation

Question 24

Explain the four types of triangulation.

Question 25

Experimental hypothesis thinking rests on the assumption that researchers try to discover a relationship,so hypothesis testing should be designed to make finding a relationship more demanding.

Question 26

A researcher who has data on how individuals behave but makes statements about the dynamics of macrolevel units is committing the error of reductionism.

Question 27

We can think of hypotheses as guesses about how the social world works;they are stated in a value-neutral form.

Question 28

______________ means working with one's hands and being pragmatic at using an assortment of odds and ends in an inventive manner to accomplish a specific task.

A)decoupage
B)bricolage
C)spurious relationship
D)interpretation

Question 29

What are the differences between quantitative and qualitative research?

Question 30

Qualitative researchers use the principle of replication,adhere to standardized methodological procedures,measure with numbers,and then analyze the data with statistics