Deck 6: The Cloud

Question 1

Why is the term "pooled" used to describe the cloud?

Answer 1

Cloud resources are pooled because many different organisations use the same physical hardware,which they share through virtualisation.Cloud vendors dynamically allocate virtual machines to physical hardware as customer needs increase or decrease.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true about cloud services?

A)Cloud service vendors tend to avoid virtualisation.
B)Financial institutions are not likely to hire cloud services from a vendor.
C)Cloud services always allow customers to maintain physical control over its data.
D)In-house hosting is generally preferable to cloud hosting.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

organisations that are required by law to have physical control over their data can also benefit from cloud computing.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

As standard practice,customers are regularly updated by cloud vendors about the location and number of copies made of their data.

Question 5

Which of the following is a reason for the term elastic being used to define the cloud?

A)Operations staff manually allots fresh resources when the traffic increases.
B)Resources available for cloud-hosting are shared among customers.
C)Computing resources can be increased or decreased dynamically in cloud-based hosting.
D)Customers are provided a consistent bandwidth on the cloud.

Question 6

What is the cloud?

Question 7

Cloud vendors do not benefit from economies of scale.

Question 8

Which of the following is true of Web services?

A)They are programs that comply with Web service standards and can only run as an independent program.
B)They are SOA-designed programs that comply with Web service standards.
C)They are programs that comply with IEEE 802.3 protocol standard and cannot be used for cloud processing.
D)They can be used only with other programs from the same vendor.

Question 9

To use cloud-based hosting,an organisation will have to construct its own data centre.

Question 10

Why is cloud hosting preferred to in-house hosting?

Question 11

Service oriented architecture (SOA)is a way of designing computer programs so that they can be combined flexibly.

Question 12

An organisation that hires cloud services ________.

A)is continually provided with the maximum possible bandwidth
B)can accommodate increase in traffic from only one city
C)hires a fixed number of servers
D)can limit the response time of its web pages

Question 13

What are the factors that have made cloud-based hosting advantageous?

Question 14

Cloud resources are pooled because many different organisations use the same physical hardware.

Question 15

Before the creation of personal computers,time-sharing vendors provided slices of computer time on a use-fee basis.

Question 16

Cloud-based hosting is preferred by organisations that are required by law to have physical control over their data.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true about cloud computing?

A)Any network of servers hosted in-house by an organisation for its own requirements is regarded as a cloud.
B)Cloud-based hosting does not operate over the Internet.
C)A cloud is a peer-to-peer network used to share data between users.
D)The elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the Internet is called the cloud.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true about the increase in popularity of cloud hosting?

A)Virtualisation allows instantaneous creation of new virtual machines.
B)The technology prevalent in the 1960s was more favourable for the construction of enormous data centres.
C)Internet-based standards have led to loss of flexibility in processing capabilities.
D)Data communication is more expensive now than earlier.

Question 19

Why is the term "elastic" used to describe the cloud?

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of cloud-based and in-house hosting?

A)Cloud-based hosting reduces the visibility of the security being used to protect data.
B)Cloud-based hosting involves the risk of investing in technology that may soon become obsolete.
C)In-house hosting makes scaling up to meet the demands of increased traffic easier.
D)In-house hosting leads to loss of physical control of data.

Question 21

Explain how software as a service (SaaS)works.

Question 22

Which of the following statements is true of content delivery networks (CDNs)?

A)They distribute data on different servers without any data replication.
B)A routing server decides which server should deliver content on an hourly basis.
C)They reduce users' access costs by delivering data faster.
D)Users receive content from the CDN server that is geographically closest.

Question 23

Phobas Inc.offers an online service which stores notes made by customers on the cloud.When a customer enters notes on one device,it gets updated in all the devices he/she owns.Which of the following cloud-based offerings is being provided to the customers?

A)software as a service (SaaS)
B)virtual private cloud
C)platform as a service (PaaS)
D)infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Question 24

A ________ is a system of hardware and software that stores user data in many different geographical locations and makes that data available on demand.

A)content delivery network
B)virtual private network
C)local area network
D)mobile virtual network

Question 25

Content delivery networks (CDNs)increase Web sites' load time.

Question 26

Which of the following is a disadvantage of a content delivery network?

A)It increases the load time of web pages for users.
B)Its reliability is decreased as data is stored on many servers.
C)Its vulnerability to denial-of-service (DOS)attacks is high.
D)It is better suited to store and deliver content that seldom changes.

Question 27

Which of the following is a reason why an internal information system (private internet)that uses Web services is not considered a cloud?

A)The number of servers is fixed in a private internet and is not made elastic.
B)Idle servers in a private internet are dynamically re-allocated.
C)It is generally not accessible outside the organisation.
D)An organisation maintains a private internet using its own resources.

Question 28

An organisation's internal IS that does not provide elasticity is still considered a cloud-based technology.

Question 29

A routing server determines which CDN server should respond to a request in real-time.

Question 30

A user may receive various pieces of a web page from different servers on a content delivery network (CDN).

Question 31

Cloud-based hosting does not make sense for some organisations.Explain.

Question 32

An internal information system built using Web services ________.

A)is called a virtual private network
B)is a cloud-based technology if it offers elasticity
C)is an example of platform as a service (PaaS)
D)is a subset of a virtual private cloud

Question 33

A content delivery network (CDN)provides a specialised type of PaaS.

Question 34

Which of the following services provides hardware,an operating system,and a database management system (DBMS)on a cloud-based offering?

A)software as a service (SaaS)
B)infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
C)network as a service (NaaS)
D)platform as a service (PaaS)

Question 35

The cloud-based service that provides the hardware and allows customers to load an operating system of their choice is known as ________.

A)application virtualisation
B)network functions virtualisation (NFV)
C)infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
D)platform as a service (PaaS)

Question 36

A content delivery network (CDN)services a user's request using the geographically closest server.

Question 37

An online service allows users to integrate their phonebook with their social media profiles and stores it on the cloud.The phonebook is updated with pictures of contacts when they are uploaded on social media sites.Which of the following cloud-based offerings is being provided to the users?

A)software as a service (SaaS)
B)network as a service (NaaS)
C)platform as a service (PaaS)
D)infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Question 38

Content delivery networks (CDNs)are used to store and deliver content that rarely changes.

Question 39

To use software as a service (SaaS),the user has to just sign up for the service.

Question 40

An elastic load balancer is a feature available in a private cloud that is not available in a private internet.

Question 41

What is infrastructure as a service (IaaS)?

Question 42

Which of the following statements is true of private clouds?

A)Private clouds provide access from outside an organisation without connecting to a VPN (virtual private network).
B)Private clouds are easy to build and operate.
C)Idle servers in a private cloud cannot re-allocated to other organisations.
D)Several organisations pool their resources to form a private cloud.

Question 43

Which of the following is true of a VPN (virtual private network)?

A)A VPN communication is secure even though it is transmitted over the public Internet.
B)It is a physical,private pathway over a public or shared network from the client to the server.
C)Remote access is difficult in case of a VPN.
D)One disadvantage of a VPN is that it does not encrypt messages.

Question 44

A small company is likely to choose IaaS as it does not require much technical expertise to load operating systems on a server.

Question 45

If an organisation opts for software as a service (SaaS),it will have to ________.

A)purchase licences for software replication
B)transfer data and develop procedures
C)install an operating system on the server
D)install a DBMS

Question 46

Why is an internal information system that is built using Web services not considered as cloud technology?

Question 47

DBMS products are generally included in IaaS services.

Question 48

If software licensed from others is to be installed on the cloud,licencess for replication of software must be purchased.

Question 49

Which of the following is a characteristic of a private cloud?

A)Organisations define their own set of standards for interactions between programs.
B)Idle servers on a private cloud can be allocated to other organisations.
C)A private cloud is most likely to be built by a small organisation.
D)Most organisations avoid having multiple database servers in a private cloud.

Question 50

Explain how platform as a service (PaaS)works.

Question 51

A vendor providing SaaS usually makes the software available as a thin-client.

Question 52

Which of the following statements is true of a virtual private cloud (VPC)?

A)A VPC can be accessed only from within an organisation.
B)An organisation generally stores its most sensitive data on a VPC.
C)A VPC does not make use of a VPN (virtual private network).
D)A VPC can be built on public cloud infrastructure.

Question 53

A tunnel is a virtual,private pathway over a public or shared network from the VPN (virtual private network)client to the VPN server.

Question 54

Sireus Corp.is availing a cloud-based service.It plans to install a software package that will offer cloud services to its users.If it would like to avoid installing an operating system on the server,which of the following services should it choose?

A)infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
B)software as a service (SaaS)
C)network as a service (NaaS)
D)platform as a service (PaaS)

Question 55

A private internet uses cloud standards.

Question 56

What is a content delivery network? What are its advantages?

Question 57

Which of the following is a difference between a virtual private network (VPN)and a virtual private cloud (VPC)?

A)Unlike a VPC,a VPN connects users to an organisation's internal IS.
B)A VPC provides the advantages of cloud storage,but a VPN by itself cannot provide these advantages.
C)A VPN can be accessed over the Internet,but a VPC cannot be accessed over the Internet.
D)Unlike a VPN,a VPC uses encrypted connections between the users and the server.

Question 58

What is a VPN (virtual private network)?

A)It uses the Internet to create secure point-to-point connections.
B)It is an add-on to browsers that was developed by Adobe and is useful for providing animation,movies,and other advanced graphics inside a browser.
C)It is a markup language that fixes several HTML deficiencies and is commonly used for program-to-program interaction over the Web.
D)It is the most common language for defining the structure and layout of web pages.

Question 59

Which of the following is a characteristic of a virtual private network (VPN)?

A)A VPN can be accessed from only one geographical location.
B)It establishes a physical connection between the client and the server,called tunnel.
C)VPNs cannot be accessed over the Internet.
D)It sends encrypted messages over the public Internet.

Question 60

Which of the following is an advantage of using a private cloud over a virtual private cloud (VPC)?

A)Unlike a VPC,a private cloud does not require permission from regulating bodies to host sensitive data.
B)Unlike a VPC,the infrastructure required for a private cloud can be built and operated easily.
C)A VPC cannot be accessed from outside the organisation,but a private cloud can be accessed from outside the organisation.
D)A VPC gains significantly by using an elastic load balancer,whereas a private cloud does not use an elastic load balancer.

Question 61

What is a virtual private cloud? How does it differ from a private cloud?

Question 62

Cloud computing is likely to lead to an increase in the number of technology-based startups.

Question 63

Using https instead of http ________.

A)shows the other users on that network who are accessing the same site
B)allows a packet sniffer to see only the site visited and nothing further
C)detects the presence of packet sniffers in the vicinity
D)connects a user to the version of the site hosted on a private cloud

Question 64

What is a VPN and how does it work?

Question 65

A VPC allows organisations to gain the advantages of cloud storage for the portion of data that need not be physically controlled.

Question 66

Remote action systems increase time and travel expenses.

Question 67

Telediagnosis uses telecommunications to link surgeons to robotic equipment at distant locations.

Question 68

Teleaction increases the value of routine face-to-face services.

Question 69

Which of the following is likely to be a consequence of cloud computing in the future?

A)The cost of obtaining elastic resources will decrease.
B)The number of technology-based startups will stagnate.
C)Organisations will prefer to setup their own computing infrastructure.
D)Jobs related to server operations at small organisations will increase.

Question 70

What is a private cloud? What are its limitations?

Question 71

A system uses cameras and motion-sensing equipment to issue tickets for traffic violations.This system is an example of ________.

A)telesurgery
B)GPS augmentation
C)videotelephony
D)telelaw enforcement

Question 72

Large Web farms are likely to replace in-house servers used by small companies due to the benefits of cloud computing.

Question 73

The connection between a VPN client and a VPN server is called a tunnel.

Question 74

Cloud computing is likely to enable organisations to obtain elastic resources at very low costs.